Lub Mediterranean thiab Asia raug suav hais tias yog qhov chaw yug ntawm cov cag qoob loo no. Nyob rau hauv Russia, radish tsuas yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 12th thiab tam sim ntawd los ua ib qho ntawm cov zaub nyiam tshaj plaws. Tam sim no, muaj ntau ntau hom radish uas txawv ntawm cov duab, xim, hauv paus loj. Niaj hnub no peb yuav tham txog ntau yam zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov zaub no thiab nws cov yam ntxwv.
About culture
Cov qoob loo no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau nws txoj kev kho thiab noj zaub mov zoo. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam, radish muaj ntau cov ntxhia ntsev uas tsim nyog rau tib neeg lub cev. Cov hauv paus qoob loo muaj xws li qhov nruab nrab ntawm 1.9% protein, 1.8% qab zib, lawv muaj cov vitamins C thiab B, fiber ntau, roj yam tseem ceeb. Cov radish muaj sulfur, potassium, magnesium, bromine, iodine, tshauv tshuaj, carbohydrates.
Ntxiv rau nws cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, cov zaub no kuj yog tshuaj. Cov kua txiv radish muaj cov kab mob bactericidal vim qhov tseeb tias nws muaj lysozyme, uas inhibits kev loj hlob ntawm fungi, ntau yam kab mob thiab protozoa. Tsis tas li ntawd, kua txiv radish pabkho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thaum lub caij ntuj no thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Ntau yam
Cov zaub belongs rau tsev neeg cruciferous, xws li turnips, cabbages thiab radishes. Nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws, ntau yam ntawm European hom nrog txawv ripening lub sij hawm yog dav siv rau cultivation. Tab sis ntau thiab ntau zaus, lwm hom radish tuaj yeem pom hauv lub vaj ntawm cov neeg cog zaub: Japanese daikon, Suav loba.
Txhua yam ntawm radish tuaj yeem muab faib ua lub caij ntuj no thiab lub caij ntuj sov. Lawv txawv ntawm cov xim, qhov loj me, cov duab ntawm cov cag qoob loo thiab lub sijhawm ripening. Lub caij ntuj no tuaj yeem khaws cia thoob plaws hauv lub xyoo hauv qab daus lossis cellar. Lub caij ntuj sov tsuas yog noj tshiab xwb, lawv tsis khaws cia.
Ntau yam ntawm radish:
- Ntxhais nkauj ntsuab;
- Nyob zoo;
- May;
- Munich bier;
- Odesskaya 5.
Mid-ripening ntau yam:
- Lub caij ntuj no puag ncig dawb;
- Gaivoronskaya;
- Lub caij ntuj no ntev dub;
- Sudarushka;
- Lub caij ntuj no puag ncig dub.
Late ntau yam:
- Gayvoronskaya 27;
- Hloov;
- Chernavka;
- Negress.
Japanese radish - daikon. Ib qho tshiab zaub qoob loo hauv lub vaj ntawm peb cov neeg cog zaub yog daikon radish. Muaj ntau ntau yam uas txawv nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm ripening:
- Sasha - ntxov ripe ntau yam;
- Dragon, Dubinushka - mid-season ntau yam;
- Japanese white long - lig ntau yam.
Suav radish - Loba. Lwm novelty ntawm zaub qoob loo nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws. Cov nram qab no ntau yam ntawm radish yog txawv: Ladushka, Zaryevo, Severyanka - ntxov ripening, Hostess - nruab nrab-ripening.
Dub radish
Npaj zaub no tsis muaj ntau yam. Qhov no yog ntau yam uas muaj ntau yam lig, nruab nrab thiab ntxov sowing. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tsiaj no yog cov xim tsaus nti tev thiab pungent saj ntawm pulp. Nws poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog ntau tus neeg ua teb rau nws cov txiaj ntsig siab, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab ntsim saj.
Lub caij ntuj no ntev dub
Lwm yam ntawm lub caij ntuj no radish. Cov hauv paus hniav elongated muaj xim dub, hnyav - txog li 400 g. Lub pulp sab hauv yog fibrous, crispy, dawb. Koj tuaj yeem noj ob qho tib si tam sim ntawd tom qab sau qoob, thiab tom qab lub sijhawm ntev cia hauv cellar.
Lub caij ntuj no puag ncig dub
Peb coj los rau koj mloog ib daim duab ntawm lub caij ntuj no puag ncig dub radish ntau yam. Qhov ntau yam yog nruab nrab-lub caij, lub sij hawm ntawm lub caij loj hlob yog 110 hnub. Hauv paus qoob loo ntawm no ntau yam yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv qhuav teeb meem thiab ascorbic acid. Lawv khaws cia zoo heev: nws yog 80-90%. Dub radish muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv, ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob. Loj hlob tshwj xeeb rau lub caij ntuj no thiab caij nplooj zeeg noj.
Divnaya
Cov radish yog puag ncig thiab dub, hnyav tsis ntau tshaj 350 g. Cov nqaij yog ntom, daus-dawb, tsis muaj voids. Sowing yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj mus sau ua ntej Frost. Nws muaj lub neej txee ntev, tom qab lub caij ntuj no cia hauvcellar tsis poob nws cov khoom qab zib.
Nyob zoo
Tsis ntev los no cultivar, bred rau coj mus muag lub hom phiaj. Cov hauv paus qoob loo muaj cov duab zoo nkauj puag ncig nrog daim tawv nqaij dub, crispy nqaij sab hauv. Ntau yam ntawm radish muaj cov khoom siv tshuaj zoo thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo, uas tso cai rau cov neeg cog qoob loo tsis tsuas yog los them nyiaj rau kev poob, tab sis kuj ua kom tau nyiaj zoo.
ntsuab radish
Peb muab koj cov ntsiab lus ntawm ntau yam ntawm radish ntsuab. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov khoom no yog inferior rau dub radish nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev noj haus muaj nqis. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev kho cov kab mob ntawm cov pob qij txha, radiculitis, gout, cov cag qoob loo no pab tau zoo dua li cov hom dub.
Ntxhais nkauj ntsuab
Ib yam tsis ntev los no ntawm ntsuab radish ntau yam. Cov qoob loo hauv paus muaj ib puag ncig, xim ntsuab. Lub saj ntawm lub pulp yog kev sib tw, crispy, nrog me ntsis spiciness. Ntsuab vajtswv poj niam muaj cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm cov ntxhia ntsev, muaj txiaj ntsig microelements, amino acids. Cov zaub tuaj yeem khaws cia rau lub sijhawm ntev. Pom zoo siv los ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus.
Margelan (lub caij ntuj sov)
Ntau yam ntawm Suav radish muaj lwm lub npe - loba. Nws lub tebchaws yog Asia. Thaum ntxov maturing ntau yam. Sowing noob yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj. Lub hauv paus qoob loo yog luv (9-16 cm), hnyav txog li 400 g, cylindrical nyob rau hauv cov duab, tsaus ntsuab nyob rau hauv cov xim nrog ib tug dawb taub hau. Lub pulp yog muaj kua, lub teeb ntsuab hauv cov xim, muaj saj zoo heev, yuav luag tsis muaj iab.
Alita
Radish ntawm thaum ntxov ripe ntau yam. Ripening tshwm sim 65 hnub tom qab qhov tsoscov qoob loo. Daim ntawv ntawm cov qoob loo hauv paus yog mob vwm, lawv txoj kab uas hla yog 10 cm, qhov hnyav li ntawm 200 mus rau 400 g. Ntsuab radish muaj qab zib saj, nrog rau ib qho tsis tshua pom pom ntawm spiciness, nqaij yog kua heev. Radish yog unpretentious hauv kev cog qoob loo thiab kev saib xyuas tus kheej.
Ntau hom radish dawb
Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm hom radish no yog tias nws txhim kho thiab tswj kev tiv thaiv. Hauv paus zaub ntawm dawb radish muaj ib tug ntse saj. Tag nrho cov hom dawb tsim elongated los yog puag ncig. Ntawm cov zaub qoob loo ntawm hom no, ob peb qhov zoo tshaj plaws tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv. Cia wb mus saib lawv.
Odesskaya 5
Ntau yam ntxov ntxov, lub caij cog qoob loo luv heev, txij li ib mus rau ib hlis thiab ib nrab. Hauv paus qoob loo ntawm ib daim ntawv oval-conical, nrog ib tug khiav, nrog heev maj mam, muaj kua pulp ntawm dawb xim. Muaj nuj nqis rau nws saj. Qhov hnyav ntawm cov qoob loo hauv paus tsis loj heev, nws txawv ntawm 50 mus rau 100 g. Los ntawm thaj tsam ntawm pob txha square. m koj tuaj yeem sau 5-7 kg. Tsis raug rau kev khaws cia ntev, pom zoo rau cov qoob loo lub caij ntuj sov.
Gaivoronskaya
Ib yam ntawm nruab nrab- lig ntau yam. Los ntawm germination mus rau thaum xaus ntawm fruiting, txog 112 hnub dhau. Cov hauv paus qoob loo muaj cov duab cylindrical-conical, xim dawb. Raws li cov lus piav qhia ntawm ntau yam, radish muaj tuab pulp, cov kua mis tsis muaj zog, xim dawb, nrog lub ntsej muag ntsim. Lub radish ntawm Gaivoron ntau yam muaj kev khaws cia zoo, qhia tau hais tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, ntau yam yog resistant rau flowering thiab Frost. Los ntawm ib tug sq. m koj tuaj yeem tau txais qoob loo txog li 8 kg. Nws raug nquahu kom ntxiv radish ntawm ntau yam no rau cov tais diav kom lawv "muaj zog", rau noj nyoos thiabnws yuav ntsim heev rau zaub xam lav.
Lub caij ntuj no puag ncig dawb
Ib qho ntawm ntau yam nrov, muaj cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov qoob loo hauv paus tuaj yeem muaj cov duab elongated oval los yog me ntsis flattened. Lub caij loj hlob yog ntev, 80-100 hnub. Lub pulp yog muaj kua, ruaj, ntsim hauv saj. Nws tuaj yeem khaws cia rau hauv cellar ntev, thaum tsis poob nws saj.
Japanese radish
zaub no kuj hu ua daikon. Nws muaj ib tug qab ntxiag saj, muaj siab kho zog, thiab yog unpretentious nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas. Nrog kev saib xyuas zoo, daikon loj hlob mus rau qhov loj me - 60 cm hauv qhov ntev, 10 cm inch. Misato, ib qho ntawm ntau yam ntawm daikon - xim liab, muaj qhov txawv txav zoo nkauj heev. Los ntawm txoj kev, daikon tuaj yeem noj tsis yog los ntawm cov hauv paus nws tus kheej, tab sis kuj los ntawm lwm qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Txawm hais tias muaj ntau hom qoob loo ntawm cov zaub no, ntau yam zoo tshaj plaws ntawm radish ntawm cov neeg ua teb yog:
- Lub caij ntuj no dub;
- Odesskaya 5;
- Lub caij ntuj no dawb;
- Margelan.
YYuav ua li cas cog radish
Radish yog suav tias yog cov nroj tsuag uas tiv taus txias. Qhov kub zoo tshaj plaws rau kev loj hlob txhua yam ntawm radish yog suav tias yog mus txog +18 degrees. Thaum loj hlob hauv huab cua sov heev thaum tshav kub kub, cov hauv paus zaub ua me me, coarser thiab ntau pungent.
Cov noob ntawm cov zaub no yuav tsum tau sown rau lub sijhawm hauv qab no:
- late April - ntxov May - summerntau yam;
- mid-june - nruab nrab-july - caij ntuj no ntau yam.
Cov noob tau sown hauv grooves, tob rau hauv av los ntawm 2-3 cm, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov strips yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 15-20 cm. peat thiab nco ntsoov dej. Thaum thawj sprouts tshwm, yog hais tias muaj xws li ib tug xav tau, lub seedlings yog thinned tawm. Los ntawm kev xaiv qhov dav dav rau kev loj hlob, koj yuav muab cov nroj tsuag nrog thaj chaw noj zaub mov zoo thiab muab sijhawm los tsim cov qoob loo loj dua.
Thinning
Txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam ntawm radish, nws (zoo li lwm cov hauv paus qoob loo) xav tau thinning. Thawj yog nqa tawm thaum 2-3 nplooj tiag tiag tshwm sim ntawm cov nroj tsuag, ntawm qhov deb li ntawm 6 cm ntawm cov yub. Thaum lub sij hawm thib ob, qhov deb ntawm 10-12 cm los yog ntau tshaj yog sab laug ntawm sprouts. Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim hais tias cov seedlings yog cog heev ntom, feem ntau ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav muab flowering tua, lub resulting keeb kwm yog unsuitable rau zaub mov.
Rau radish loj hlob, koj yuav tsum xaiv fertile sandy thiab loamy av, uas yuav tsum muaj ib tug nruab nrab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov qoob loo tsis zoo yog pom los ntawm cov qoob loo cog rau ntawm cov av hnyav, hauv thaj chaw uas cov dej hauv av siab.
Radish tuaj yeem cog rau hauv qhov ntom ntom nrog cov qos yaj ywm, txiv lws suav, dos, dib, sown ntawm turnips lossis radishes. Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim uas koj xav rov sow no qoob loo nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, nyob rau hauv tsis muaj ntaub ntawv sow nyob rau hauv txaj qhov twgCov neeg ua ntej yog lwm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov qoob loo cruciferous, xws li thaum ntxov cabbage los yog radish.
Irrigation
Yog tias cov nroj tsuag tsis muaj dej puv (lawv nyuaj rau kev tiv thaiv tsis muaj dej noo), cov qoob loo hauv paus tuaj yeem iab thiab me. Yuav kom loj hlob zaub nrog zoo saj - muaj kua thiab tsis heev ntsim, thaum lub sij hawm ntawm lawv tsim, huab cua thiab av av noo yuav tsum tau khaws cia ntawm 70%. Thov nco ntsoov: yog tias koj dej cov av ntau tom qab drought ntev, cov qoob loo hauv paus yuav tawg. Yog li ntawd, cov txaj yuav tsum khaws cia kom noo, tsis pub kom qhuav.
Pests
Ib yam kab kab tseem ceeb ntawm cov qoob loo no yog cov dev cruciferous. Yog tias koj pom tias cov nplooj ntawm radish ua openwork, ces kab no tawm tsam nws. Yog tias koj tsis siv cov kev ntsuas ceev, koj tuaj yeem poob tag nrho cov qoob loo, vim tias cov nplooj puas qhuav sai heev, cov nroj tsuag tuag tag, los yog tsim me me, cov qoob loo tsis zoo. Kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam cruciferous flea qhia pollination nrog ntoo tshauv nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog nrog haus luam yeeb plua plav.
