Cov khoom siv hauv pem teb yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv nrov tshaj plaws. Tsis yog ib chav tsev tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj lawv, txawm tias nws yog qhov chaw tsim khoom lossis chav tsev nyob hauv tsev. Txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem rov qab cov chav, ib tug tshwj xeeb flooring yog nruab rau qhov yooj yim thiab mus sij hawm ntev kev khiav hauj lwm ntawm cov qauv. Nyob rau hauv lem, cov vuas hauv pem teb tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws txheej txheej, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm ob qho tib si kev ua haujlwm siab thiab lub cev zoo thiab qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj zoo nkauj.
yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv pobzeb
Raws li cov khoom lag luam tseem ceeb, cov khoom siv no nyob nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov vuas phab ntsa thiab lub vaj paving pob zeb. Tseem, nyob rau hauv tsev, qis hardness tus nqi yuav tsum tau muab piv rau sab nraum zoov coatings, tab sis hnav kuj yuav tsum tau tsim nyog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muajtshwj xeeb hom vuas pem teb, endowed nrog tshwj xeeb kev ua tau zoo zoo. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lawv cov khoom kab, manufacturers muab cov qauv nrog txhim kho thermal thiab Frost tsis kam. Kev sib cais yog muaj rau tso rau hauv chav ua noj thiab hauv chav dej. Nyob rau hauv cov chav no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv lub txheej los ntawm ya raws thiab chemical aggressive tshuaj. Nyob ntawm cov khoom siv pobzeb, kev faib tshwj xeeb rau kev ya raws kuj yuav siv tau. Ceramics, piv txwv li, nyob ntawm cov pab pawg, tuaj yeem nqus los ntawm 3 mus rau 10% noo noo.
Dimensional parameters kuj tseem ceeb. Nyob rau hauv thickness, cov pobzeb tuaj yeem muaj li ntawm 5 mus rau 20 hli ntawm qhov nruab nrab. Qhov ntsuas no nyob ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm kev tsim khoom, thiab nyob rau ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Lub thinner lub flooring, lub stiffer thiab muaj zog cov khoom yuav tsum yog. Piv txwv li, rau porcelain stoneware, lub thickness ntawm 10-15 hli yog pom zoo. Hais txog qhov ntev thiab dav, 60 × 60 cm hauv pem teb vuas yog siv ntau dua - ib hom qauv, zoo rau kev tso rau hauv chav nyob loj thiab hauv chav ua noj. Yog tias koj xav tau, koj tuaj yeem tig mus rau qhov tseem ceeb - los ntawm 20 × 20 rau 150 × 150 cm. Cov neeg tsim khoom tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov duab plaub. Elongated pobzeb slats nyob rau hauv hom 40 × 60 los yog 150 × 300 cm nrhiav lawv qhov chaw nyob rau hauv txoj kev hauv tsev thiab staircases.
YCeramic Vuas
hom txheej no yog txuam nrog kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm chav ua noj thiab chav dej, tab sis ntawm phab ntsa. Qhov no tsis yog qhov kev xaiv ruaj khov tshaj plaws rau kev tso rau hauv pem teb, tab sis hauv qee qhov kev hloov kho nws ua rau nws tus kheej hauv lub peev xwm no. Muaj cov kev xaiv sib txawv rau cov vuas ceramic hauv pem teb, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev puas tsuaj. Thaum xav txog daim ntawv lo, thov xa mus rausaib xyuas lub npe PEI. Piv txwv li, PEI kuv qhia txog qhov muag ntawm cov pobzeb, yog li qhov kev xaiv no tsis tsim nyog yuav rau nteg hauv pem teb. Qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws yuav yog PEI V, qhia txog cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv. Los ntawm txoj kev, cov txheej txheem ntawm ceramic puag nws tus kheej tuaj yeem sib txawv. Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg muab rau cov av nplaum, kaolin, spar thiab hais txog quartz xuab zeb. Los ntawm kev tua hluav taws thiab kev ziab tshwj xeeb hauv cov chav, tau txais cov pobzeb ntawm cov duab muab. Txhawm rau kom cov ntsuas lub zog, cov tuam txhab tsim cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb thiab cov hloov kho uas tso cai rau kev siv cov ceramics rau pem teb installation.
Tab sis, nws yuav zoo li, vim li cas siv cov khoom hloov kho yog tias koj tuaj yeem pib npaj cov txheej txheem ntau dua - piv txwv li, los ntawm pob zeb lossis porcelain stoneware? Qhov zoo ntawm cov pobzeb hauv pem teb ceramic yog qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm tsawg kawg yog nruab nrab lub zog thiab kho kom zoo nkauj. Qhov no tsis yog cov khoom ntxhib zoo li cov porcelain stoneware, nws zoo li elegant, tso cai rau koj los tsim cov qauv thiab cov qauv ntawm qhov chaw. Los ntawm txoj kev, raws li lub ntsiab ntxoov ntxoo, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qib ntawm cov vuas ceramic. Nyob rau hauv particular, liab qhia teej tug mus rau qib thawj, xiav - mus rau lub thib ob, thiab greenish - mus rau lub thib peb. Thawj pab pawg yuav tsum nyiam vim yog qhov zoo dua, txawm tias cov khoom zoo li no kim dua.
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) vuas
Qhov no tsis yog ib lub pobzeb hauv qhov kev xav ib txwm muaj, vim tias cov qauv tsim los ntawm cov khoom tsis yog khoom xws liav nplaum tom qab kev kho cua sov, thiab ib txheej elastic polyurethane. Cov txheej saum toj kawg nkaus yog cov duab nrog cov qauv, thiab lub plhaub tau txais txiaj ntsig nrog qhov tsim nyog tiv thaiv zoo. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nws cov kev txawj thiab lub cev zoo, PVC pem teb vuas yog ntau zoo li linoleum los yog ntaub pua plag, tab sis tensile lub zog thiab cov qauv txij nkawm txawm nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm intensive siv muab cov khoom no nyob rau hauv tib pab pawg neeg txawm nrog ceramics. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qhov sib txawv loj ntawm qhov loj. Qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv nyias nyias nrog lub thickness ntawm 0.5-4 hli. Ib txheej txheej ntawm cov duab plaub thiab cov duab plaub uas ua los ntawm polyvinyl chloride thiab tsis pub dhau 2.5 hli thickness. Tab sis yeej tsis muaj kev txwv rau qhov dav thiab ntev.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov pobzeb no suav nrog kev yooj yim ntawm kev tuav lub cev thiab yooj yim ntawm kev tso cov kua nplaum. Qhov tsuas yog caveat yog qhov yuav tsum tau muaj siab rau qhov ntxhib saum npoo uas nws tau npaj los siv cov txheej txheem no. Txawm li cas los xij, elasticity thiab nyias lub hauv paus ua rau nws tuaj yeem tso rau ntawm qhov chaw txawm tias tsis muaj teeb meem loj. Rau kev sib piv: pob zeb thiab av nplaum vaj huam sib luag kuj tuaj yeem muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw teeb meem - txhua qhov tsis zoo yog muab zais nrog cov cement lossis polymer mortar rau kev teeb tsa. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm PVC, ib tug nyias nplaum txheej yog siv uas yuav tsis zais kev puas tsuaj loj. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov vuas hauv pem teb ntawm hom no tuaj yeem muab tso rau ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm cov cua sov mats los yog cov cua kub cua sov nrog cov dej circuits. Cov khoom siv tiv thaiv thermal loads, pab txhawb kom pom kev faib tawm ntawm thermal tawg.
pob zebtile
Peb tab tom tham txog cov zaub mov ntuj, thiab tsis yog hais txog cov khoom cuav. Pob zeb vuas muaj ntau qhov zoo: los ntawm lub zog siab mus rau kev ntxhib los mos, tab sis hauv kev xaiv nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tus tsiaj, uas tuaj yeem muaj nws tus kheej cov yam ntxwv:
- Granite. Ntuj vuas yog txuam nrog granite, tab sis koj yuav tsum tsuas yog yuav lawv rau nteg koj lub tsev yog tias cov qauv ntuj ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim. Qhov tseeb yog qhov txawv ntawm cov pob zeb no nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev hnav khaub ncaws ntau dua thiab kev ua siab ntev rau qhov chaw nruj yog qhov cuam tshuam thaum tso rau hauv cov chaw pej xeem, tab sis kev ua neej nyob tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov qauv ntawm txheej, thiab cov nqi ntawm cov khoom. cov khoom yuav nce ntxiv nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub.
- Marble. Cov vuas zoo li no tsis tshua muaj zog vim qhov ntxeem tau uas tsis yog khoom siv. Txawm li cas los xij, marble yuav los ua ke rau chav ua noj lossis chav dej - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim nws muaj kev ntxhib los mos tshwj xeeb nrog kov ntawm nobility.
- Sandstone. Yog hais tias daim duab yog muab tso rau pem hauv ntej, ces koj yuav tsum tsom mus rau hauv pem teb vuas ua los ntawm cov pob zeb no. Hais txog ntau yam ntawm cov qauv ntuj thiab cov qauv, nws tsis muaj qhov sib npaug - qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov tshwj xeeb "duab" haum rau sab hauv ntawm lub hom phiaj installation site.
- Onyx. Nyob rau hauv nws kev ntxhib los mos, lub pob zeb no zoo li marble, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau elegant tsim. Onyx vuas nyob rau hauv lub teeb xim feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv chav dej kho kom zoo nkauj, tab sis lub durability ntawm lub pob zeb yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw ntawm kev siv nws derivatives deb tshaj li chav tsev no.
Porcelain stoneware vuas
Kev sib xyaw ntawm cov av nplaum raw cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov pob zeb ua kom tau txais cov khoom nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom siv thiab kev ua haujlwm, uas, ntxiv rau, muaj cov khoom zoo nkauj. Qhov no yog universal pobzeb npog uas yuav siv tau tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv tsev, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub vaj thaum npaj txoj kev. Txawm hais tias cov xim ntawm porcelain stoneware pem teb vuas tsis txawv raws li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov vuas los yog vinyl, lub xub ntiag ntawm tej yam ntuj tso Cheebtsam tseem muab ib tug zoo siab ntawm naturalness thiab nobility ntawm ntxoov. Raws li kev siv sab nraum zoov, cov khoom siv no tsis ntshai ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Feem ntau, ntaiv thiab terraces yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog kev pab los ntawm cov plooj (porcelain stoneware).
Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb thaum siv cov pobzeb no yog qhov nyuaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem tau txais cov khoom seem uas haum rau hauv cov duab yam tsis siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb lossis cov cuab yeej siv. Hauv tsev, rau cov hom phiaj no, siv lub kaum sab xis grinder (grinder) nrog lub pob zeb diamond disc. Qhov tsis zoo no yog them los ntawm tus nqi qis. Cov vuas pheej yig heev hauv pem teb yog tsim los ntawm porcelain stoneware, tus nqi ntawm 300-400 rubles / m 2. Rau kev sib piv, tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm cov npe analogues ua los ntawm ceramics thiab PVC ntau ntawm 500 txog 600 rubles / m2.
Metal vuas
Ib hom txheej rau kev siv hauv kev lag luam, tsom rau kev tso rau hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm tseem ceeb. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov vuas hlau muaj xws li lub xub ntiag ntawm tav thiab perforations. Cov txheej txheem sib txawv no yog tsim los ua kom muaj kev sib txuas nrog cov tsheb log. Feem ntau xws li flooring yog nteg nyob rau hauv lub nkag mus rauwarehouse thiab industrial thaj chaw, uas yog, thaum lub sij hawm lawv ua hauj lwm, mas load-loading tshuab txav raws lawv. Raws li, cov vuas hauv pem teb ntawm cov hlau hauv pem teb yog nteg nrog kev cia siab ntawm kev thauj khoom siab. Yog li ntawd, ib tug tshwj xeeb hardened hlau nrog ib tug stainless txheej yog siv los ua lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov khoom. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pobzeb uas tau tham saum toj no suav nrog kev tso tawm dav dav. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg yog 200x200 thiab 300x300mm, txawm hais tias lub thickness tsis tshua muaj tshaj 2 hli.
Ntau yam ntawm kev ntxhib los mos ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pobzeb
Tib txwm koob yog tsim los ntawm cov xim sib txawv, nrog cov duab kos, qauv thiab thav ntawv. Nyob ntawm seb qhov kev ntxhib los mos, nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau ob qho tib si nruab nrab cov ntsiab lus thiab cov phiaj xwm "canvases" sib sau ua ke los ntawm cov mosaic tawg. Hauv chav dej thiab hauv chav ua noj, cov xim pastel ntawm cov vuas hauv pem teb yog siv ntau dua - lub teeb tones ntawm xiav, lilac, ntsuab thiab liab. Txhawm rau ntxiv qhov sib piv rau cov npoo, koj tuaj yeem ua cov kab nrog cov lus hais ntawm ib qho xim.
Tsis ntev los no, floorings nrog imitation ntawm cov tsos ntawm lwm yam ntaub ntawv tau txais kev muaj koob meej. Vuas yog tsim nrog kev ntxhib los mos ntawm ntoo, tawv, pob zeb, hlau thiab txawm iav. Hauv qee cov qauv, kev ntxhib los mos tsim qhia txog qhov zoo ntawm ib qho qauv. Piv txwv li, cov nplais ntoo hauv pem teb nrog cov lus hais tuaj yeem ua ntxhib, thaum glossy marble nyhuv vuas nrog polishing tuaj yeem du, feem. Ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb hauv cov tsev neeg cov pobzeb niaj hnubsiv 3D technology. Nrog nws cov kev pab, ib daim duab ntawm peb-dimensional duab yog tsim nyob rau hauv pem teb, uas yuav tsum tau amortized nyob rau hauv kev xaav thaum taug kev. Cov khoom zoo li no tseem hu ua cov duab tso suab. Tau kawg, nws tsis pheej yig, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev pom kev pom nws tau xyaum tsis muaj sib npaug sib tw.
Txoj cai xaiv pobzeb
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua raws li lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov chaw. Txoj kev hauv tsev, chav dej nrog chav ua noj, chav nyob thiab thaj chaw nyob ib sab ntawm lub tsev (chav tsev, terrace, cov kauj ruam) sib txawv hauv qhov kev ua haujlwm. Qhov sib txawv yuav yog nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub zog, hnav tsis kam, tsim tus nqi thiab cov ntaub ntawv technical thiab lub cev. Piv txwv li, cov vuas hauv pem teb nrog lub thickness ntawm li 5-10 hli yog haum rau tso rau hauv chav dej, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus load yuav tsum. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yuav yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau coj mus rau hauv tus account lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug anti-slip nyhuv nrog noo noo kuj. Ntawd yog, nws yog ntshaw kom xaiv ib lub pobzeb nrog kev tiv thaiv matte tiav. Cov nplaum nplaum kuj tseem ceeb heev rau cov vuas plooj (porcelain) nrog cov pob zeb vuas, uas yog npaj rau hauv pem teb pem hauv ntej ntawm lub tsev. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, khov ntawm qhov chaw tuaj yeem ua rau tsim cov Frost, yog li kev ntxhib los mos thiab, nyob rau hauv txoj ntsiab cai, lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom tiv taus huab cua txias yuav tsim nyog.
Raws li kev txhawj xeeb, tsuas yog qee zaus nws tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej. Txawm tias inconspicuous vaj vuas rau txoj kev raug xaiv coj mus rau hauv tus account lawv qhov pom kev organicity ntawm nkag mus rau hauv lub zos tsim muaj pes tsawg leeg. Ntawm chav kawm, dawb pem teb vuas yuav nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaubtawm ntawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv qhov chaw no thiab yog ntau haum rau styling nyob rau hauv tib chav dej. Tab sis gloomy grey tones yog kev xaiv kiag li rau thaj chaw utilitarian. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov vuas imitation, cov duab pom uas yuav qhia txog cov style ntawm ib qho kev tsim sab hauv lossis toj roob hauv pes.
Tseem vuas
Pib nrog, qhov ntxhib saum npoo raug coj mus rau hauv daim ntawv kom raug. Tej zaum nws yuav txawv. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, lub hauv paus tiaj tiaj, tab sis nyob rau hauv txoj cai, kev siv cov khoom qub zoo nkauj kuj tso cai. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov txheej txheem tsis muaj qhov tsis muaj zog thiab delaminations. Piv txwv li, yuav ua li cas nteg cov vuas hauv pem teb ntawm lub hauv paus ua los ntawm cov khoom zoo sib xws? Yog hais tias muaj cov lus hais tsis xws luag thiab irregularities ntawm qhov chaw, nws yog advisable siv ib tug leveling los yog priming sib tov. Tab sis ua ntej ntawd, cov pobzeb qub raug ntxuav thiab ntxuav nrog cov tshuaj alkaline.
Nyob rau theem tom ntej, cov cuab yeej zoo tshaj plaws rau kev sib txuas cov txheej zoo nkauj nrog lub hauv paus ntxhib raug xaiv. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov nplaum tshwj xeeb, qee tus qauv ntawm tus kheej-leveling nrog dual muaj nuj nqi (leveling thiab hitching) thiab tsoos cement mortars. Nyias cov ntsiab lus yog zaum ntawm cov kua nplaum - piv txwv li, pem teb vuas ntawm me me thickness. Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog porcelain stoneware, ces nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv tus kheej-leveling lossis cement sib tov. Heavy slabs pw rau ntawm cement mortar.
Ua ntej tso ncaj qha, lub platform ua haujlwm tau cim rau hauv kab. Lawv cov contours tuaj yeem raug cim ua ntej nrog txoj hlua, kos nws raws tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm cov kev taw qhia. Tom ntej no, cov tshuaj yog pw nrog ib tug toothedspatula. Cov sib tov yuav tsum tau thov tusyees thiab nrog ib tug me ntsis tav, uas yuav txhim kho adhesion. Thaum txhim kho cov pob zeb loj thiab cov plooj (porcelain stoneware slabs) slabs, siv ib theem thiab ib lub mallet. Cov cuab yeej no yuav tso cai rau koj kom raug kho qhov chaw ntawm lub caij. Nyob rau theem kawg, cov pob qij txha yog grouted, tom qab ntawd cov txheej tuaj yeem cia kom qhuav li 24 teev.
Zaj lus
Tsim hauv pem teb nrog cov vuas zoo daws ob peb teeb meem ib zaug hauv kev npaj chav. Ua ntej, nyob rau hauv txoj kev no ib tug du thiab txhim khu kev qha nto yog teem uas muaj peev xwm tiv taus lub cev hnyav. Thib ob, cov vuas kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua raws li cov khoom siv zoo nkauj hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv. Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm ob txoj haujlwm yuav nyob ntawm seb qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom thiab nws qhov kev teeb tsa raug ua li cas. Qhov kawg tab sis tsis tsawg kawg yog qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Lub tuam txhab txhim khu kev qha tshaj plaws suav nrog Imola, Gomez, Gambarelli, thiab lwm yam. Keramin pem teb vuas kuj yog qhov xav tau, cov khoom sib txawv uas tau muab faib ua ob peb chav nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj. Yog li, cov kiv cua ntawm lub hom tuaj yeem nrhiav cov khoom tshwj xeeb rau thaj chaw huv, porcelain stoneware rau cov chaw nrog nruab nrab loads thiab high-strength panels rau sab nraum zoov siv.
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev, lub hom phiaj nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm txiav txim siab tus nqi. Qhov nruab nrab ntau yam tuaj yeem txhais los ntawm ciam teb ntawm 300 txog 600 rubles / m 2. Raws li twb tau hais lawm, porcelain stoneware muab cov khoom lag luam pheej yig tshaj plaws. Cov vuas zoo ib yam li nws, tus nqi yog 400-500 rubles / m 2 . Cov pobzeb kim tshaj plaws yog ua los ntawm pob zeb thiab PVC. Nyob rau hauv cov ntu no, tus nqi cim npe tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1500 rubles / m 2. Tab sis cov no yog cov tshwj xeeb versions, muab nrog niaj hnub plasticizers thiab txhua yam kev ua hauj lwm additives uas ua rau kom cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm txheej.
