Txawm hais tias muaj ntau cov nplaum tau tsim los rau niaj hnub, epoxy ob-cov khoom nplaum yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv nrov tshaj plaws thiab nquag siv ob qho tib si hauv kev tsim khoom thiab hauv tsev.
Nws tsis pub leejtwg paub yog lub zog muaj zog ntawm cov khoom sib txuas, kev sib raug zoo nrog cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau. Hauv kab lus no, peb yuav nkag siab tias cov kua nplaum epoxy yog dab tsi, yuav ua li cas npaj thiab siv nws.
Epoxy resin, uas yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov kua nplaum, yog thawj zaug ua rau xyoo 1938, thiab txij li xyoo 1940 cov kua nplaum tau pib ua ntau yam. Thawj lub npe lag luam rau cov nplaum yog Araldit-1. Nws yog lub hom phiaj tshiab lub hom phiaj nplaum rau kev lag luam thiab kev siv hauv tsev.
Ntau xyoo dhau los, kev lag luam khoom siv hauv tsev tau nce qib hauv kev tsim cov khoom sib txuas tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem. Ntau hom epoxy formulations tau raug tsim tawm uas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntau yamkub, thaum muab cov pob qij txha muaj zog nrog lub neej ua haujlwm ntev.
Universal epoxy nplaum yuav khi tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tshwj tsis yog cov no:
- elastic poreless;
- plexiglass;
- Ypolystyrene;
- PTFE;
- kapron;
- Ypolyethylene.
Kuj, qhov chaw nkhaus, xws li khau khau, tsis raug rau cov kua nplaum no. Tab sis dab tsi ua ke nrog lub zog tshwj xeeb yog cov khoom hlau. Nws yog tsim nyog hais tias cov kua nplaum muaj cov khoom tsis muaj dej.
Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm
Epoxy ob-cov khoom nplaum yog tau los ntawm kev sib xyaw ob cov khoom xyaw - tawv thiab epoxy. Raws li lawv cov qauv tshuaj, ob qho tib si active Cheebtsam yog polymers nrog ib tug me me molecular hnyav, vim hais tias, thaum lawv sib tov, polymerization tshwm sim - cov txheej txheem ntawm combining yooj yim molecules.
txheej txheem no tshwm sim ib txhij thoob plaws tag nrho cov ntim ntawm cov nplaum, yog li tom qab hardening cov nplaum yog ib qho loj polymer molecule. Epoxy resin nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog qhov loj-tsim tivthaiv, thiab hardener yog cov khoom uas pib cov txheej txheem polymerization.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum ua raws li txoj cai no: ob qho tib si ntawm cov nplaum epoxy yuav tsum tsis txhob sib cuag thiab sib xyaw ua ke kom txog thaum npaj cov khoom xyaw, tsuas yog tam sim ntawd ua ntej gluing. Qhov no yog vim cov txheej txheem curing ntawm cov resin yog irreversible.
Cov txheej txheem polymerization tuaj yeem nrawm los ntawm kev nce qhov kub thiab txias. Qhov no kuj tuaj yeem ua tiavnce hardener ntim. Qhov qeeb tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm kev thim rov qab.
Qhov twg muaj feem
Kev siv cov epoxy nplaum yog vim kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm nws cov khoom siv thoob ntiaj teb.
Used:
- Nyob rau hauv kev lag luam engineering - hauv kev tsim cov cuab yeej abrasive, fastening brake pads, hauv kev tsim cov cuab yeej lossis cov khoom yas rau cov hlau nto, thaum kho lub tsheb lub cev lossis roj tank, luas, gearbox, etc.
- Hauv kev tsim kho - thaum txuas cov pob zeb txuas ntxiv ntawm cov choj, thaum soldering peb-txheej vaj huam sib luag, txhawm rau txhaws cov kab nrib pleb hauv pob zeb, thaum gluing ceramic vuas, hauv cov txheej txheem gluing pob zeb rau hlau.
- Nyob hauv lub neej txhua hnub, cov epoxy muaj pes tsawg leeg yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kho cov khau, rov tsim cov khoom me me ntawm cov rooj tog zaum, sib khi cov yeeb nkab sib txuas, tsim cov khoom plig sib xyaw (piv txwv li, Moment epoxy kua nplaum).
- Nyob hauv kev tsim nkoj - hauv kev sib dhos ntawm cov nkoj fiberglass, kev teeb tsa cov ntsiab lus txuas nrog cov khoom siv siab, tsim cov dej tsis sib haum, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov nkoj nkoj thiab yachts nrog fiberglass reinforcement.
- Hauv kev tsim dav hlau - thaum tsim cov kua nplaum-welded pob qij txha hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib sau dav hlau, hauv kev tsim cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, kho sab nraud thiab sab hauv thermal tiv thaiv.
Composition
Universal Epoxy Adhesive (EPA) yog cov khoom siv thermosetting hluavtaws tsim los ua kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm epoxy resin puag thiab cov khoom xyaw ntxiv.
Cov ntsiab lus ntxiv ntawm cov khoom muaj xws li:
- Hardeners. Cov no yog: Lewis complexes nrog esters thiab amines, anhydrides ntawm cov organic acids, polymer hardeners-modifiers (polyamides ntawm fatty acids), di- thiab polyamines (organosilicon thiab pheno-formaldehyde resins, rubbers), aminoamides (dicyandiamide).
- Solvents - cawv, xelol, acetone, lwm yam organic compounds. Qhov loj ntawm cov kuab tshuaj yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj peb mus rau tsib feem pua ntawm qhov ntim ntawm cov khoom siv qhuav. Cawv ua kom ceev cov txheej txheem kho ntawm universal epoxy nplaum.
- Fillers - hluavtaws lossis iav fiber ntau fabrics, carbon thiab iav fibers, hmoov tshuaj (txhuam thiab npib tsib xee hmoov, silica, beryllium, zinc, vanadium los yog txhuas oxide, carbon dub). Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov fillers raws li feem pua ntawm cov resin hnyav feem ntau nyob ntawm cov additive thiab tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm 50 mus rau 300%. Cov hlau oxides ua cov stabilizers thiab hardeners rau thermal oxidative degradation.
- YPlasticizers. Cov no yog phthalic thiab phosphoric acids (lawv esters). Qhov zoo dua yog siv cov oligomeric thiab polymeric plasticizers, oligoamides thiab oligosulfides. Lawv tswj hwm lub cev thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov nplaum thiab ua rau kom muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm gluing qhov chaw.
Properties
Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib xyaw cov khoom xyaw rau hauv ib qho kev sib xyaw, ib qho epoxy nplaum tau txais nrog cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
- tshav kub tsis kam - nyob ntawm qhov muab tub lim, qhov ntsuas tuaj yeem ncav cuag +250 ° C;
- frost resistance - nplaumkev sib txuas muaj peev xwm tiv taus mus txog -20 ° C;
- roj / roj av, huab cua ua siab ntev;
- ua haujlwm zoo rau kev degradation los ntawm cov tshuaj thiab tshuaj ntxuav tes;
- elasticity - tom qab hardening, nrog me ntsis hloov ntawm cov seam, tsis muaj rupture;
- tiv thaiv kab nrib pleb thiab shrinkage;
- waterproof - lub gluing point muaj waterproofing zoo;
- siab adhesion rau ntau cov ntaub ntawv, suav nrog cov cement, phab ntsa qhuav thiab ntoo.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm ob ntu epoxy nplaum yog:
- kho kom sai - tsis muaj sijhawm los kho qhov yuam kev;
- tsis khi silicone, polyethylene, Teflon thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv;
- ceev faj yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm.
Kev faib tawm los ntawm kev sib xyaw thiab sib xws
Adhesive ntawm epoxy resin muab faib ua hom raws li cov hauv qab no: muaj pes tsawg leeg, sib xws, txoj kev kho.
Cov khoom ntawm cov nplaum muab faib ua:
- Ob lub ntsiab lus - muab los ua ib txheej ntawm ob lub thawv: ib qho rau muab tshuaj txhuam, ib qho rau hmoov lossis kua hardener. Cov khoom xyaw yog tov nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb spatula tam sim ntawd ua ntej siv. Siv tau li ntawm ob feeb.
- Ib tug-cov khoom - pob tshab epoxy nplaum uas muaj cov kuab tshuaj organic nrog cov resin lossis ib cov kua ua kua. Muag npaj siv. Nws yog thov rautxuas cov khoom me me, sealing yeeb nkab txuas thiab qhov khoob.
Muaj ob hom kua nplaum raws li qhov sib xws:
- Kua - zoo ib yam li cov gel, yooj yim vim nws siv tau zoo rau qhov chaw kom tau nplaum, tsis xav tau kev npaj.
- Y Plastic muaj pes tsawg leeg - zoo ib yam li cov yas zoo tib yam. Muag hauv cylindrical ntim. Ua ntej siv, nws yuav tsum tau txiav tawm ib feem ntawm qhov loj, knead nws thiab dilute nws nrog dej kom txog thaum sib tov zoo li muab tshuaj txhuam.
Kev faib tawm los ntawm txoj kev kho
Raws li txoj kev kho, epoxy nplaum (EDP) yog subdivided nyob ntawm cov hardener siv:
- Yuav tsum tau kho cua sov - cov khoom xyaw uas muaj cov kua epoxy resin, muab tub lim, plasticizers thiab aliphatic polyam harden hauv ib mus rau plaub hnub yam tsis muaj cua sov ntawm qhov kub ntawm +20 ° C. Tab sis cov qauv kev hloov pauv hauv cov nplaum zoo li no siv sijhawm ntev. Txhawm rau ua kom cov txheej txheem nrawm thiab ua kom lub zog ntawm kev sib txuas, nws raug pom zoo kom ua kom sov qhov sib xyaw no.
- Unheated Epoxy Adhesive - Cov pob qij txha no kho tsis tau qhov kub thiab txias, tiv taus tshuaj lom neeg los ntawm cov kua qaub thiab alkalis, tab sis tom qab nyob hauv dej ntev (txog peb lub hlis), lub zog ntawm kev sib koom ua ke txo qis.
- Hloov cov khoom sib xyaw - muaj qhov kub thiab txias ntawm +60 txog 120 ° C. Yog siv rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov ntsiab lus nonmetallic thiab hlau. Cov khoom sib xyaw muaj cov qauv viscous, tiv taus roj thiab lubricants thiab cov kuab tshuaj.
- Kawkub curing - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj zog compositions nrog ib tug curing kub ntawm 140 mus rau 300 ° C. Lawv tau txhim kho hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev zoo thiab ua haujlwm kub.
rau siv hauv tsev
Kev lag luam niaj hnub tsim ntau hom kua nplaum rau hauv tsev.
Cov qauv uas nrov tshaj plaws yog:
- Epoxy kua nplaum "Moment" - muag hauv txhua lub khw muag khoom, muaj tus nqi pheej yig rau cov neeg siv khoom. Cov kua nplaum yog ntim rau hauv cov raj me me uas muaj cov yas hnyav hnyav 50 grams, lossis cov pob loj uas tsim los siv rov siv tau. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev siv cov kua nplaum tom qab qhib yog ob peb lub hlis yog tias khaws cia ntawm qhov kub txog +25 ° C.
- Glue-plasticine "Contact" - siv rau gluing qhov chaw nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog noo noo - yeeb nkab txuas, txee hauv chav dej. Lub sij hawm ua kua nplaum yog ib mus rau ob feeb.
- Glue "Cold welding" - tsim los rau kev sib txuas tam sim ntawm cov khoom hlau. Tsis ua rau cov npoo ntawm cov hlau, cov nplaum nplaum uas tsis tuaj yeem welded.
- EDP epoxy nplaum yog tsim los ua kom sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw - los ntawm cov hlau mus rau iav thiab cov plooj (porcelain). Raws li kev txheeb xyuas cov neeg siv khoom, nws suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov nqi-zoo ua ke. Nws yog siv los kho qhov chaw tsheb, kho cov kab nrib pleb hauv cov kav dej thiab lwm yam.
Epoxy kua nplaum: cov lus qhia rau kev siv
Tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv cov nplaum nplaum tuaj yeem piav qhia nyob rau hauv peb theem tseem ceeb: ntxuav qhov chaw kom tau nplaum, npaj cov kua nplaum thiab ncaj qhakev sib raug zoo.
Kev ua tiav ntawm qhov chaw yuav tsum tau nplaum yog ua nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw, vim lub zog ntawm kev sib txuas yog nyob ntawm nws qhov zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kua nplaum tom qab kev npaj yuav tsum tau thov sai, yuav tsis muaj sij hawm los cuam tshuam nrog kev tu.
Ua ntej, qhov chaw raug ntxuav nrog cov ntawv xuab zeb zoo, tom qab ntawd kho nrog cov degreaser nrog txhua tus neeg sawv cev, thiab tom qab ntawd qhuav.
Hauv cov chaw tsim khoom, cov khoom siv tau ua tiav siv kev txhaj tshuaj, xuab zeb lossis ultrasound. Cov chaw uas yuav tsum tau sib txuas yog ces etched nyob rau hauv ib tug acid da dej thiab degreased nrog cov kuab tshuaj.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov nplaum sib koom ua ke thiab qhov nrawm ntawm nws txoj kev kho mob feem ntau nyob ntawm seb yuav ua li cas rau dilute epoxy nplaum.
Cov kauj ruam ntawm kev npaj cov nplaum nplaum:
- Cov epoxy yog nyem tawm ntawm lub raj mus rau hauv lub thawv sib tov.
- Ob peb grams hardener ntxiv rau nws. Tus qauv kev faib ua feem yog raws li nram no: epoxy resin - 10 qhov chaw, hardener - 1 feem. Ib qho overdose ntawm hardener hauv qhov piv (5: 1) tau tso cai.
- Cov khoom xyaw ua tib zoo sib xyaw ntawm tes.
- Cov txiaj ntsig tau ua tib zoo siv rau saum npoo ntawm ib feem.
- Qhov thib ob uas yuav tsum tau nplaum yog nias kom ruaj khov rau thawj zaug ntawm qhov chaw uas cov kua nplaum tau siv thiab tsau rau kaum feeb.
- Tom qab ntawd cov khoom raug tso tseg ib leeg rau ob peb teev, lub sijhawm uas cov nplaum nplaum yuav tau txais lub zog tsim nyog.
Reviews
Cov neeg uas tau siv cov kua nplaum feem ntau hais tias lawv txaus siab rau qhov tshwm sim. Compoundnws yog ruaj thiab dries sai.
Cov neeg siv tshuaj xyuas yaum kom saib xyuas qhov sib npaug ntawm epoxy kua nplaum qhia ntawm pob thaum diluting. Txwv tsis pub, muaj kev pheej hmoo tias nws yuav siv sij hawm ntev dua li lub sij hawm xam los teem.
Tseem, cov uas siv cov kua nplaum zoo li no tau qhia kom siv cov hnab looj tes roj hmab - cov kua nplaum yuav nyuaj rau ntxuav cov tawv nqaij ntawm tes, thiab tom qab ntawd nws tseem qhuav heev.
Txhua tus neeg siv khoom nco ntsoov tias epoxy resin kua nplaum yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv tsev neeg los kho qhov me me, chips, thiab sealing seams. Thaum siv kom raug, qhov tshwm sim zoo heev.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Thaum siv cov tshuaj epoxy, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev ceev faj ntawm daim ntawv lo kom tsis txhob muaj kev phom sij.
Lawv tuaj yeem yog:
- Cov plua plav thiab cov pa phem - rau kev tiv thaiv, hnav lub npog ntsej muag tiv thaiv thiab ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw muaj cua zoo.
- Ua ntej diluting epoxy, nco ntsoov hnav hnab looj tes roj hmab los tiv thaiv koj txhais tes.
- Tsis txhob siv cov khoom siv ua noj ua haus.
- Cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum tsis txhob tawm ntawm chaw ua haujlwm.
- Yog khoom nkag mus rau hauv qhov muag, nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim.
- Yog cov kua nplaum nkag rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, so nrog acetone thiab ntxuav nrog xab npum.
Txawm hais tias epoxy resin kua nplaum tsis muaj mob tom qab kho, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob siv los ua kua nplaum rau cov tais diav kom tau txaisfood.
Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, qhov chaw yuav tsum tau npog nrog cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv - ntawv lossis zaj duab xis, txwv tsis pub nws yuav nyuaj rau kev ntxuav tawm cov kua nplaum uas ua rau poob ntawm qhov chaw.
cov lus qhia pab tau
Yog cov kua nplaum los yog cov resin tsis extrude zoo los ntawm lub raj, nws yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv lub roj teeb los yog muab tso rau hauv dej kub.
Txhawm rau txuas lub neej txee ntawm cov nplaum nplaum, cov pa tawm ntawm lub pob thiab lub raj tso rau hauv qhov chaw txias, xws li lub tub yees.
Thaum ntxiv cov dyes rau cov nplaum nplaum, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias lub zog ntawm cov khoom yuav tsawg dua. Yog tias cov roj pleev xim ntxiv, cov kua nplaum yuav ua cov yas thiab tsis nyuaj.
Dej yuav tsum tsis txhob nkag mus rau hauv cov tshuaj thaum lub sijhawm npaj cov kua nplaum.
Yog tias tom qab ob hnub qhov loj tsis tau tawv, muaj ntau yam uas yuav tsum tau kho:
- kua nplaum tas sij hawm;
- nws txias heev hauv chav;
- me ntsis hardener ntxiv.
Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm cov kua nplaum uas tau npaj raws li hauv qab no: noj me me rau hauv ib rab diav hlau thiab kub nws hla hluav taws, tsis txhob boil. Yog tias cov kua nplaum tau tawv tom qab txias, cov proportions raug xaiv kom raug, yog tias tsis yog, koj yuav tsum ntxiv hardener ntxiv.
Yog tias txhua qhov tsim nyog thiab cov cai ntawm daim ntawv thov raug pom, cov kua nplaum yuav yog tus pab zoo hauv tsev.
