Rau kev siv cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv hluav taws, cov xov tooj tshwj xeeb raws li cov xov hluav taws xob raug siv. Cov kab kev sib txuas lus ntawm hom no yuav tsum tiv taus cov khoom hnyav ntxiv hauv kev ua haujlwm hnyav, uas txiav txim siab lawv cov yam ntxwv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov xov hlau rau lub tswb nrov muaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom, uas tso cai rau cov neeg siv khoom ncaj qha mus rau ib tus zuj zus mus rau kev sib txuas lus sib txuas.
Cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm
Nyob rau hauv kev xaiv ntawm txhais tau tias thiab cov ntaub ntawv rau lub koom haum ntawm hluav taws kev ruaj ntseg systems, ib tug yuav tsum ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov pib ntawm cov kev cai lij choj teev nyob rau hauv Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Txoj Cai No. 123. Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Txoj Cai Lij Choj no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws raws li kev tswj hwm hauv thaj chaw no. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis piav txhua yam.technical nuances ntawm tej yaam num ntawm hluav taws kev ruaj ntseg systems, rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev cai (SP) thiab GOSTs tau sib cais. Piv txwv li, GOST R 53315 thiab SP 5.13130.2009 qhia meej txog cov txheej txheem rau kev txhim kho thiab txuas cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Qhov no feem ntau cuam tshuam txog kev xaiv, tso thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov xov hlau rau kev ceeb toom hluav taws nrog cov khoom siv. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv cov ntawv tshiab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, qhov tseem ceeb yog nyob rau hauv lub installation thiab kev twb kev txuas ntawm hluav taws kub automation Cheebtsam nyob rau hauv kev tswj ntawm programmable modules thiab controllers. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov kev cai yooj yim rau kev tiv thaiv kev xaim tsis tau hloov pauv ntau.
Hlau hauv qhov tsim qauv
Tseem, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob hauv qhov hluav taws kub yog muab lub zog thiab kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov khoom siv ua haujlwm ib leeg. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau theem pib, cov yam ntxwv kab raug xam rau qhov voltage, zaus tam sim no, kev pab lub neej, thiab lwm yam. Cov kev daws teeb meem muaj xws li cov xaim rau lub tswb hluav taws xob 2x 0.5, uas yog, ob-core cable nrog hla ntu ntawm 0.5 mm2. Cov qauv zoo li no tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov hluav taws xob mus txog 2 kW ntawm qhov zaus ntawm 50 Hz, thiab lub sijhawm ntawm kev ua tsis tiav tuaj yeem ncav cuag 5000 teev.
Ntawm cov xov hlau zoo li no, txoj hauv kev tau muab tso rau cov sensors, detectors, annunciators thiab tswj cov khoom ua lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua cov cim qhia txog hluav taws. Raws li qhov tsis sib xws ntawm chav tsev lossis lub tsev tag nrho, kev sib txuas lus ntawm tus kheej thiab cov ntsiab lus sib txuas raug xam. Raws li txoj cai, rau txhua ntu ntawm kev sib txuas10-15% yog ntxiv raws qhov ntev "nyob rau hauv cia". Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li cov kev cai, kwv yees li 10% ntawm cov xov hlau rau lub tswb hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau muab tso rau kev siv ntawm cov txheej txheem complex. Feem ntau, cov no yog bypass zones ntawm architectural qauv, uas muaj kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub configuration ntawm gasket, uas tsis tuaj yeem xam ua ntej.
hom siv xov tooj
Muaj ntau yam tshwj xeeb thiab tsim nyog cim hom cables ntawm lub khw uas tau pom zoo siv rau hauv lub tswb hluav taws. Cov xov hlau no suav nrog:
- KPS thiab KPSE - qhov no yog qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov xaim rau mounting tiv thaiv hluav taws nyob rau hauv txawv configurations.
- KShSE thiab KShM yog cov kev daws teeb meem tshwj xeeb rau kev txhim kho hluav taws kub tswb sensors thiab mounting tswb voj txoj kev.
- KUNRS yog hom xov hlau rau lub tswb hluav taws, uas yog siv rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm kev ruaj ntseg.
- KSB yog ib tsev neeg ntawm cov neeg siv hluav taws xob sib txuas los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob tsis siv neeg tiv thaiv kev sib txuas.
- KSBG - hloov pauv xaim rau kev teeb tsa lub tswb nrov hauv cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam.
Kev ua tau zoo rau cov xov tooj hluav taws kub
Nws tsis txaus uas cov xaim hauv kev tiv thaiv hluav taws ua tau raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab kev ua haujlwm. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov xwm txheej rau kev siv cov cables, yog li nws yog qhov tseem ceebqhov tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom yog lub degree ntawm nws sab nraud kev ruaj ntseg. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yuav tsum yog ib tug uas tsis yog-flammable hlau. Rau kev ceeb toom hluav taws, cov khoom zoo li no tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov plhaub tshwj xeeb nrog ntau qib ntawm kev tiv thaiv thermal, uas yuav tau tham hauv qab no. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom zoo li no yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm kev txo cov pa luam yeeb. Piv txwv li, yog tias peb tab tom tham txog kev tso cov cables ntawm txoj kev khiav tawm, cov pa luam yeeb ntau yuav ua rau txoj kev khiav tawm nyuaj. Tib yam mus rau toxicity. Cov rwb thaiv tsev tib yam, piv txwv li, los ntawm polyvinyl chloride feem ntau tso tawm cov khoom phom sij uas, ntawm cov chaw uas muaj coob tus neeg ua haujlwm, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj hauv hluav taws.
Lub tswv yim ntawm hluav taws-tiv thaiv kab
Vim hluav taws yog qhov kev hem thawj tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv hluav taws nrog lawv cov khoom, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsim nyog tshwj xeeb. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tam sim ntawd hais tias qhov no yog ib tug heev qhia txog zauv, qhia los ntawm lub sij hawm luv luv los ntawm qhov pib ntawm kev sib cuag ntawm lub cable rwb thaiv tsev nrog cov nplaim taws mus rau tus txheej txheem ntawm nws combustion. Yam tsawg kawg no qhov taw qhia yog 30 feeb, uas yog, lub conditional 10 thiab 15 feeb nyob rau hauv lub cim txhais tau tias lub cable tsis hluav taws kub resistant. Qhov kev tiv thaiv tshaj plaws uas tsis yog-combustible hluav taws tswb xov tooj muaj qhov hluav taws kub tsis pub dhau 180 feeb.
Qhov txawv ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws xob hluav taws xob
Nws tseem yuav tsum paub qhov txawv ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob tiv thaiv hluav taws thiab cov kab hluav taws xob uas tsis txhawb kev sib kis ntawm kev sib kis. Hauv thawj kis, peb tab tom tham txog kev txuaghluav taws xob kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub Circuit Court nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm teev, thiab nyob rau hauv lub thib ob - cov khoom yuav poob nws lub luag hauj lwm los ntawm cov thawj feeb ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, txawm nrog pab pawg neeg nteg, nws yuav tsis ua rau kev sib kis. ntawm nplaim taws hauv txoj ntsiab cai.
Hom rwb thaiv tsev rau hluav taws xob cable
Kev nce qib ntawm kev tiv thaiv thermal los ntawm kev siv cov sheath tshwj xeeb hauv cov qauv hlau. Tshwj xeeb, cov insulators hauv qab no yog siv:
- Kev sib xyaw ntawm cov hlau thiab hlau nplaum. Cov cores tau muab tso rau hauv ib lub raj nruj ua los ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj steel thiab muaj cov magnesium oxide. Lub plhaub zoo li no tsis muaj tshuaj lom lossis haus luam yeeb thaum sib cuag nrog hluav taws.
- iav mica txheej. Winding raws li mica-muaj cov khoom uas muab cov thermal barrier zoo. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho kev tiv thaiv, cov txheej txheem ntxiv raws li cov khoom siv polymers thiab cov yas PVC tawv kuj tseem siv tau. Raws li txoj cai, tso hlau rau hom hluav taws kub tswb no ua tau nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas muaj cov qauv tsim hluav taws xob txog li 750 ° C. Nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm lub ncov thermal raug, xws li ib tug insulator tswj nws cov hauj lwm zoo rau 180 feeb. Txawm li cas los xij, lub sijhawm no, cov khoom siv tshuaj lom thiab cov pa luam yeeb yuav raug tso tawm, txawm tias nyob rau hauv qhov ntim tsawg.
- Ceramic roj hmab raws li insulator. Kuj yog ib hom polymer txheej nrog tib yam kev tiv thaiv kev ua tau zoo xws li cov iav-mica plhaub, tab sis nrog ib qho txiaj ntsig. Ceramic tsim roj hmabdistinguishes nws tus kheej nyiam nrog nws tsis kam mus rau ntau yam hluav taws xob loads, xws li voltage fluctuations, luv circuits, thiab lwm yam.
Tsim nta
Txawm hais tias qhov nyuaj ntawm cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv sab nraud, cov txheej txheem sab hauv ntawm cov hlau rau kev tiv thaiv hluav taws yog qhov yooj yim heev. Cov qauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cable yog nyob rau hauv feem ntau tsim los ntawm ob lub tooj liab cores, uas kuj tau them nrog tshwj xeeb rwb thaiv tsev. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib tw cov cores rau hauv cov pob khoom kuj tau siv, uas tau muab tso rau hauv aluminium ntawv ci, uas tiv thaiv tus neeg xyuas pib los ntawm electromagnetic cuam tshuam. Outwardly, koj tuaj yeem paub cov hlau rau lub tswb hluav taws kub los ntawm lub tsho liab lossis txiv kab ntxwv. Ntxiv mus, nws yuav tsum tau borne nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias xws li cov xov hlau yuav sib npaug zos siv ob qho tib si rau cov ntaub ntawv ncaj qha kis tau tus mob thiab rau lub hwj chim mov ntawm hluav taws tua hluav taws tswj lub cev.
ntsuas hluav taws xob ntsuas hluav taws xob
Txij li thaum peb tab tom tham txog kev siv cov cables hauv cov chaw tseem ceeb, cov khoom ua ntej nrog cov insulators raug kuaj tshwj xeeb. Ib qho kev sim tshuaj ntsuam xyuas yog siv cov hluav taws xob siab rau lub cable thaum lub tswb raug qhib. Qhov no yog thawj kauj ruam nyob rau hauv uas lub hauv paus muaj nuj nqi ntawm hluav taws xob tswb xov hlau yog kuaj yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam sab nraud. Nyob rau theem tom ntej, qhov chaw ntawm kev tso cai ntawm txoj kev yog rhuab mus rau qhov kub thiab txias ntawm li 700 ° C. Txij ntawm no mus, kev ua raws ntawm cov xaim nrog cov lus tshaj tawm kev tiv thaiv hluav taws yog ntsuas, uas yog, seb nws puas muaj peev xwm xa cov ntaub ntawv hauvlub sij hawm ntau ntawm 30 mus rau 180 min.
Kev xyaum siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv kab mob
Cov neeg siv khoom lawv tus kheej pom zoo tias kev siv cov xov tooj hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb ua rau muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm qhov hluav taws kub. Qhov teeb meem ntawm kev ua tiav cov hauj lwm no thaum lub sij hawm installation yog txo mus rau kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam thiab cov qauv tsim. Qhov tseeb yog tias qhov kev xav tau rau kev tiv thaiv ntau ntxiv ntawm lub voj voog tsim los ua haujlwm rau cov kev xav tau ntawm lub tswb hluav taws kub yog nyob deb ntawm ib txwm pom tseeb. Cov xaim rau kev teeb tsa ntawm cov tshuab no tuaj yeem suav nrog hauv cov kev siv hluav taws xob ntau nrog kev ruaj ntseg ntau dua, thiab muaj nws tus kheej ntau theem hluav taws kub-resistant plhaub, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, yuav dhau los ua qhov cuam tshuam rau kev sib xyaw ua ke. Yog li ntawd, ntau tus neeg txiav txim siab siv cov khoom siv yooj yim, pheej yig dua, tab sis tsis muaj kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg dua. Raws li txoj cai, qhov no yuav yog kev ua txhaum cai ntawm cov cai, tab sis los ntawm qhov pom ntawm qhov kev ua tau zoo, kev sib txawv ntawm kev tsim cov kev sib txuas lus hluav taws xob feem ntau ua rau nws tus kheej, yog li ntawd, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv lawv tus kheej yog. tsis suav nrog yav tom ntej.
Zoo kawg
Lub koom haum ntawm kev tiv thaiv hluav taws nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav cov kev ua tiav ntawm kev ua haujlwm, raws li qhov project tsim nrog cov kev cai rau kev sib txuas lus. Raws li qhov tsawg kawg nkaus, tus tsim qauv yuav tsum txiav txim siab qhov zoo tshaj plaws hluav taws xob cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov teeb liab xaim.hluav taws, raws li zoo raws li nws tsis kam mus rau tej yam tsis zoo ntawm lwm yam cawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntxiv rau kev sib cuag nrog hluav taws thiab qhov kub thiab txias, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tshwj xeeb hem thawj nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm qee qhov kev lag luam. Hauv kev tsim khoom lag luam, piv txwv li, kev tiv thaiv thermal tuaj yeem ntxiv los ntawm cov kev xav tau rau kev tiv thaiv tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev ntxhov siab.
