Nyob ntev tib neeg ntsia pom hluav taws thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb. Ntau centuries dhau los, tab sis txawm tam sim no, thaum saib lub hearth, tib lub siab tshwm sim. Tab sis hnub no peb tsis zaum ntawm qhov hluav taws kub, lawv tau hloov los ntawm wax tswm ciab. Lawv ntxiv kev sib raug zoo rau txhua qhov chaw, thiab qhov kev sib tw ntawm cov nplaim taws nyiam cov neeg, ib yam li nws tau ua ntau pua txhiab xyoo dhau los.
Hnub no, thaum muaj ntau yam khoom sib txawv, nws tuaj yeem ua cov tswm ciab nrog koj tus kheej tes hauv tsev, tsim koj tus kheej masterpieces. Lawv tuaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam duab, qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab xim.
Cov khoom xav tau los ua cov tswm ciab paraffin
Koj yuav xav tau:
- paj rwb xov;
- wax crayons;
- tswm ciab.
Cov ntaub ntawv no pheej yig thiab yooj yim muaj.
Cov khoom siv rau kev tsim tswm ciab
Koj tseem yuav xav tau:
- kub lauj kaub;
- muaj peev xwm qhov twg cov quav yuav yaj;
- ob lub yas los yog ntoo los txhuam cov wax thiab khowick;
- pwm ua tswm ciab, nws tuaj yeem ua rau menyuam yaus cov khoom ua si lossis khob yas;
- decorative embellishments rau yav tom ntej creations.
Hauv qhov no, koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov ntaub ntawv raws li koj xav tau.
Nuances ntawm xaiv wick
Txhua tswm ciab: tsev teev ntuj, siv quav ciab, gel, paraffin - muaj wick. Nws yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm 100% paj rwb. Nws tuaj yeem yog ribbon ntawm ntaub los yog hlua. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias tsis muaj cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Ntau xim xov xov wicks saib zoo tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tswm ciab pob tshab.
Rau txhua lub tswm ciab, lub wick raug xaiv tus kheej. Nws qhov tawv thiab tuab yog nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub tswm ciab uas yuav tsum tau hlawv. Kuj los ntawm nws cov khoom. Rau wax tswm ciab, nws yog tsim nyog los ua tuab wicks, cov xov uas tsis woven heev nruj nreem. Rau paraffin lossis gel, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, koj yuav tsum tau nruj nreem twist nyias threads. Xws li lub wick yuav tsis haus luam yeeb thaum hlawv. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias yog siv quav ciab crayons rau xim, lawv cov shavings yuav tsis yaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv tswm ciab thiab clog lub wick.
Hauv ib lo lus, muaj ntau yam nuances uas tuaj yeem nkag siab hauv kev xyaum xwb. Yog hais tias lub wick yog tuab, ces cov tswm ciab yuav haus luam yeeb thiab hlawv sai heev. Thiab nyias nyias yuav nquag tawm mus. Feem ntau, koj yuav tsum sim thiab sim.
Cov wick tuaj yeem sib tw (zoo li hlua), braided lossis crocheted. Tam sim ntawd ua ntej nchuav, nws yog qhov zoo dua los ntub cov xov nrog siv quav ciab, tab sis ntau tus ntseeg tias qhov no tsis muaj txiaj ntsig thiab yooj yim. Sau lawv nrog wax, paraffin lossis gel.
Txoj ntsiab cai ntawm kev tsim tswm ciab
Yuav ua kom cov tswm ciab nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj yuav tsum nrhiav qhov zoo. Koj tuaj yeem siv txhua lub khob yas, cov menyuam yaus cov khoom ua si, uas yog, txhua yam uas koj tuaj yeem hliv paraffin. Txawm li cas los xij, lub thawv no yuav tsum tiv taus qhov kub ntawm 100 °. Thawj zaug, nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua ib daim ntawv yooj yim kom nkag siab lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim lub tswm ciab.
Ib pob yog khi ntawm qhov kawg ntawm txoj hlua paj rwb. Tom qab ntawd, ib lub qhov yog ua rau hauv qab ntawm pwm nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Cov paj rwb wick no tau muab tso rau hauv nws kom nws cov pob caus sab nraud. Tom qab ntawd nws yuav ua rau sab saum toj ntawm lub tswm ciab, thiab tseem yuav tiv thaiv wax lossis paraffin los ntawm kev ntws tawm ntawm cov pwm thaum nws tsim. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum tau kho qhov kawg thib ob ntawm lub wick, uas yuav nyob rau hauv qab ntawm cov khoom tiav. Nws yuav tsum nyob nruab nrab ntawm daim ntawv. Ua li no, nqa ib lub pas, koj tuaj yeem nqa tus pas txhuam hniav lossis ib qho kev sib tw. Nws yog muab tso rau hauv daim ntawv, thiab qhov thib ob kawg ntawm lub wick yog khi rau nws qhov chaw. Nws yuav tsum tau nyob nruab nrab thiab nruj. Tom qab txhua yam raug kho, koj tuaj yeem pib tsim lub tswm ciab.
Peb xav tau cov ntaub ntawv los ua daim foos. Yog li ntawd, lawv coj lub tsev teev ntuj tswm ciab, siv quav ciab, paraffin, feem ntau, txhua yam uas muaj. Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau chop lawv finely los ua shavings. Nws yog folded rau hauv ib lub tin tau thiab muab tso rau hauv ib da dej da dej. Ntawd yog, muab lub lauj kaub dej, muab tso rau hauv hluav taws, thiab tom qab nws boils, lub thawv nrog cov khoom siv rau lub tswm ciab yog raus rau ntawd. Nws dhau los ua kua hauv qab ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem ua tauncuav nws mus rau hauv ib lub tswm ciab pwm. Hauv cov txheej txheem, koj tuaj yeem siv txhua lub thawv, qhov tseem ceeb tsis yog iav.
Khoom siv rau xim tswm ciab
Ua kom cov khoom lag luam xav tau xim, piv txwv li, koj xav tau cov tswm ciab ntsuab, liab, xiav, lossis ntau xim, ces koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov xim rau cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Cov khoom siv dav tshaj plaws rau qhov no yog cov menyuam yaus siv quav ciab crayons. Feem ntau, koj tuaj yeem siv cov xim muaj roj-soluble. Yog tias koj noj gouache lossis watercolor, lawv yuav tsis ua haujlwm, vim tias lawv yuav tsis tuaj yeem yaj hauv cov khoom, thiab tsuas yog ntab rau hauv daim, thiab tom qab ntawd nyob rau hauv qab.
Qee tus tswv siv daim di ncauj thiab duab ntxoov ntxoo los pleev xim rau lawv cov masterpieces. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm hlawv tswm ciab, lipstick emits ib tug tsw. Yog hais tias nws yog qab ntxiag, ces qhov no yog ib tug zoo xaiv, tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov xim, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm aromatic nyhuv.
Tshwj xeeb tswm ciab dyes kuj muag, qhov twg muaj ntau xim thiab ntxoov. Siv lawv, koj tuaj yeem ua ob qho tib si daus-dawb thiab dub tswm ciab (ciab los yog paraffin). Los ntawm kev ntxiv rau hauv ntau qhov sib npaug, koj yuav ua tiav ob qho tib si mos pastel tones thiab ci saturated xim.
Cov khoom ntim rau hauv cov duab
Yog tias txhua yam npaj tau, peb mus rau theem tseem ceeb. Daim ntawv yog lubricated los ntawm sab hauv nrog zaub roj los yog ib tug kua uas yog siv thaum ntxuav tais diav. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog kom lub tswm ciab khov tau yooj yim tshem tawm. Ua ntej, ib qho khoom me me yog nchuav rau hauv qab kom kaw lub qhov nrog lub wick. Tom qab tag nrho, yog tiastam sim ntawd sau tag nrho qhov chaw, ces cov quav ciab los yog paraffin yuav ntws tau zoo heev. Thiab qhov no tsis yooj yim, thiab nws yuav siv sijhawm ntau ntxiv.
Tom qab cov hauv qab tau khov lawm, ncuav cov wax los yog paraffin seem kom txog thaum tag nrho cov thawv ntim. Thaum nws npaj txhij, tos cov quav ciab kom txias ntawm chav tsev kub. Ua li no, cov tswm ciab ciab yuav txias maj mam thiab sib npaug. Yog tias koj sim ua kom ceev cov txheej txheem thiab muab cov khoom tso rau hauv lub tub yees, qhov chaw ntawm lub tswm ciab yuav tawg, uas yuav ua rau nws cov tsos mob.
Txhob muab tswm ciab ntawm pwm
Koj yuav tsum tau khi lub pob rau ntawm lub wick, qhov twg cov khoom saum toj kawg nkaus yuav yog, ces rub nws los ntawm lwm sab. Lub tswm ciab yuav tsum tawm. Yog tias cov khoom tsis tuaj, muaj ob txoj kev daws teeb meem: thawj zaug yog txiav cov pwm, qhov thib ob yog muab txhua yam tso rau hauv lub freezer rau ob feeb. Tom qab ntawd, lub tswm ciab yog tam sim ntawd doused nrog dej kub. Vim qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, nws tuaj yeem tshem tau yooj yim.
Tom qab ntawd, cov wick luv luv rau qhov loj me, thiab cov seams uas tseem tshuav los ntawm cov pwm yuav tsum tau doused nrog dej kub - ces lawv yuav ploj mus. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom poob nws qhov qub luster. Yog li ntawd, thaum koj tsim wax tswm ciab, pwm yuav tsum tau xaiv yam tsis muaj seams, ces tom qab ntawd yuav tsis muaj teeb meem nrog lawv tshem tawm.
Scented tswm ciab
Lawv tau ua tib yam li siv quav ciab, tab sis nrog ntxiv cov roj tseem ceeb. Thaum hlawv, lawv yuav puv chav nrog ib tug qab ntxiag aroma. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov roj yam tseem ceeb, tab sis tsis sawv. Nws muab cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab thaum hlawv. Ntxiv rau kua ciabqhov tsim nyog flavoring, ces sib tov txhua yam kom huv si. Tom qab txhua yam ua homogeneous, siv quav ciab yog nchuav rau hauv pwm. Cov kev ua ntxiv no zoo ib yam li cov saum toj no.
Tsev tswm ciab tswm ciab hlawv thiab saib zoo nkauj heev. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem ua cov khoom siv zoo li no pob tshab, zoo li yog dej. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm gel uas tau npaj tshwj xeeb rau qhov no.
Gel tswm ciab
Tsim kom muaj qhov txuj ci zoo nkauj no, koj tuaj yeem yuav gel wax hauv khw. Tab sis yog tias koj xav tau, nws yooj yim los ua nws hauv tsev. Rau qhov no koj yuav xav tau:
- dej;
- tannin;
- glycerin;
- Ygelatin.
Noj 5 feem ntawm gelatin (yuav tsum tsis muaj xim) thiab yaj hauv 20 feem ntawm dej. Tom qab ntawd, koj yuav tsum ntxiv 25 feem ntawm glycerin thiab sib tov txhua yam kom huv si, tom qab ntawd cov pob tshab yuav pib tshwm. 2 feem ntawm tannin yog ntxiv rau nws, uas yav tas los yaj hauv 10 feem ntawm glycerin. Tam sim ntawd tom qab qhov kev twb kev txuas, ib tug qias neeg precipitate yog tsim, uas disappears thaum boiled. Tom qab tsim cov pob tshab sib xyaw, nws yog nchuav rau hauv pwm, zoo li cov tswm ciab li niaj zaus, kev tsim khoom uas peb tau tham saum toj no.
Cov tswm ciab zoo li no tuaj yeem ua kom zoo nkauj dua los ntawm kev ntxiv cov xim rau lawv. Yog li, lawv tuaj yeem muab cov suab nrov ntawm txhua yam xim. Lossis koj tuaj yeem nchuav cov xim sib txawv rau hauv qhov sib xyaw uas tsis tau kho kom tau txais kev xav zoo nkauj.
