Nyob zoo li cas los noj txiv lws suav los yog kua txob cog nrog nws txhais tes hauv lub vaj ntawm lub rooj noj mov. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev loj hlob xws li cov qoob loo capricious yog heev laborious, tab sis nws tsim nyog nws.
Ntau yam nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov noob yuav, nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov txiv lws suav thiab kua txob yuav muaj zog npaum li cas. Nws tsuas yog yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias txog li ob lub hlis dhau los ua ntej cog cov noob hauv av qhib. Thaum lub sij hawm no, cov av sib tov siv los loj hlob seedlings yog heev depleted. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov no los ntawm qhov tshwm sim, hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm cov txiv lws suav (thiab kua txob, los ntawm txoj kev, ib yam nkaus) yuav tsum tau ua tsis tu ncua (raws li qee qhov tswv yim). Tsis tas li ntawd, rau txhua lub sijhawm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xaiv cov chiv tsim nyog. Txwv tsis pub, cov tub ntxhais hluas cov nroj tsuag yuav poob qis hauv kev loj hlob. Thiab cov zaub uas twb qhib lawm los kuj tsis zoo siab rau koj.
Yog li ntawdYog tias koj xav kom tau txais cov qoob loo zoo, ces pub cov txiv lws suav (kev saib xyuas yuav tsum ua li 3-4 zaug) yuav tsum ua kom tsis txhob poob thiab tsis txhob cia lub sijhawm siv rau nws.
Npaj cov av sib tov rau cov noob
Rau cog txiv lws suav thiab kua txob, koj tuaj yeem siv cov av npaj ua, loj hlob uas muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo:
- Terra vita, lossis "Lub Ntiaj Teb Nyob". Lawv yog ntuj me ntsis acidic av sib tov nrog ntxiv ntawm biohumus.
- Soil av (neutral) "Mikroparnik".
- Npaj primer "Tomato".
- Humimax yog qhov nruab nrab tsis muaj tshuaj lom cov av sib xyaw ua ke nrog cov khoom xyaw lom lom.
Tau kawg, koj tuaj yeem siv cov av zoo tib yam. Yav dhau los, tsuas yog yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tshuaj tua kab mob thiab saturated nrog cov as-ham.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Nco ntsoov tias txiv lws suav tsis nyiam cov chiv tshiab txhua. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo dua los txhim kho cov av zoo nrog compost.
Npaj cov khoom cog
Kev npaj cov noob ua ntej sowing plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem agrotechnical ntawm kev loj hlob txiv lws suav. Cov kev npaj hauv qab no yog tsim rau kev cog cov khoom siv:
- "Bigus". Khaws cov noob hauv cov tshuaj rau 5-6 teev.
- "Nyob" lossis "Carvitol". Peb tsau cov khoom cog rau hauv ib qho kev npaj rau ib teev tam sim ua ntej sowing.
- "Ribav-Extra". Peb tshuaj tsuag cov khoom siv noob.
- "Narcissus". ThaumPeb khaws cov khoom cog rau hauv kev daws rau 11-12 teev.
- Thiab koj tuaj yeem siv tshuaj kho pej xeem. Ua ntej, cov noob tuaj yeem kho hauv kev daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate, thiab tom qab ntawd soaked hauv cov dej yaj (1 liter) thiab tshauv (txog 2 lub thawv ntawv).
Sib cav txog qhov xav tau hnav khaub ncaws saum toj
Tej zaum tsis thab noj? Tej zaum txawm tias tsis muaj lawv cov seedlings yuav loj hlob thiab muaj zog? Cov uas xav li no tsis yog lawm. Qhov tseeb yog tias xaiv kom raug thiab raws sij hawm thov hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm cov txiv lws suav thiab kua txob yog tus yuam sij rau kev loj hlob zoo, kev loj hlob thiab tsub zuj zuj ntawm cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab cov vitamins hauv zaub. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv cov kua txob thiab txiv lws suav, nrog kev pub mis kom zoo, saj cov yam ntxwv (piv txwv li, cov ntsiab lus qab zib) txhim kho.
Kev qhia txog cov tshuaj sib npaug pab txhawb kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov nroj tsuag rau kab tsuag thiab kab mob. Piv txwv li, nrog tsis muaj tooj liab, txiv lws suav raug rau cov kab mob fungal li lig blight. Cov nroj tsuag muaj kab mob tau ua tiav nrog cov xim av xim av: thawj nplooj, stems, thiab tom qab ntawd cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lawv tus kheej. Ob peb hnub, tag nrho cov qoob loo tuag, uas yog, tag nrho cov hauj lwm yog nyob rau hauv vain. Late blight yog ib qho kev puas tsuaj tiag tiag rau cov nroj tsuag ntawm tsev neeg nightshade. Txhawm rau zam qhov no, nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua txhua lub hav txwv yeem ua ntej thiab ua siab ntev tos kom sau tau zoo.
Ob txiv lws suav thiab kua txob xav tau micronutrients xws li poov tshuaj (uas pab txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov hauv paus hniav), nitrogen (nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom loj hlob ntsuab loj yam tsis muaj nws) thiabphosphorus (nws yog tus uas txhawb nqa paj thiab fruiting).
Ntau yam hnav khaub ncaws
Pub txiv lws suav tuaj yeem ua raws li hauv qab no:
- loose;
- kua;
- granular;
- tablets;
- hmoov.
Muaj peb hom chiv:
- inorganic;
- organic;
- complex, uas yog enriched nrog organic additives thiab ntsev.
Qhov sib tov yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hnav khaub ncaws sab saum toj
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hnav khaub ncaws sab saum toj rau cov txiv lws suav thiab kua txob: cov kua dej los yog qhuav? Cov lus teb yog unequivocal - chiv nyob rau hauv kua daim ntawv yog preferable. Kev lag luam network nthuav tawm ntau cov khoom sib xws - "Ideal", "Fortress", "Effect", "Biohumus".
Yog tias koj muaj cov chiv qhuav qhuav ua ntej, tsuas yog dilute lawv nrog dej, vim tias cov hauv paus hniav ntawm cov kua txob thiab txiv lws suav tsis tuaj yeem nqus cov zaub mov hauv daim ntawv no los ntawm cov av.
Yuav ua li cas thiab lub sijhawm twg yog hnub zoo dua rau fertilizing
Yuav ua li cas pub zaub lws suav rau hauv tsev? Muaj ob txoj hauv kev los siv cov chiv rau hauv av:
- Ncaj nraim hauv qab cov cag ntoo. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias xws li hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus yog yuav tsum tau ntxuav tawm nrog txhua txhua watering tom ntej no thiab lub hauv paus system absorbs ib feem ntawm cov as-ham, txoj kev no yog heev nrov.
- Txawm yog txau ntsuab loj (uas yog, foliar). Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, qhov no yog qhov feem ntauzoo rau nourishing cov tub ntxhais hluas cov nroj tsuag, raws li tag nrho cov as-ham yog instantly absorbed los ntawm nplooj. Thaum nkag siab tias cov microelement twg tsis muaj cov nroj tsuag, lawv npaj cov tshuaj tsis muaj zog raws li cov khoom uas ploj lawm thiab txau cov zaub ntsuab nrog nws. Txawm tias tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txoj kev, nws tsis yog siv ntau zaus.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Thaum loj hlob seedlings ntawm peppers, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob siv ib tug foliar txoj kev rau pub cov nroj tsuag. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov hauv paus pub mis (uas yog, thawj). Yog tias qhov sib tov nkag mus rau ntawm nplooj, yaug sai sai nrog dej huv.
Tom qab dhia dej, nws raug nquahu kom hloov ob hom kev hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus, thiab nyob rau ib nrab ntawm lub caij loj hlob nws yog qhov zoo dua los thov chiv ncaj qha rau hauv paus.
Lub sijhawm twg yog lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws los ua chiv? Tam sim ntawd tom qab watering, sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws ntawm lws suav seedlings yog pom zoo. Thiab 2-3 teev tom qab pub mis nrog chiv, loosening ntawm topsoil yuav tsum tau nqa tawm. Ua tib zoo ua tib zoo saib xwb.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Rau kev ywg dej, tsis txhob siv cov kais dej vim muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj chlorine hauv nws, uas muaj qhov tsis zoo rau cov txiv lws suav. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv nag. Raws li qhov chaw kawg - kais dej, tab sis ib txwm nyob.
hnub twg yog lub sijhawm pub zaub mov zoo tshaj? Nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua txoj haujlwm no thaum sawv ntxov. Yog tias koj ua qhov no thaum yav tsaus ntuj, ces muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm cov kab mob fungal hauv av vim qhov kub thiab txias thaum lub sijhawm no.
sijhawmhnav khaub ncaws thiab lawv muaj pes tsawg leeg
Pub cov noob yuav tsum nruj raws li cov tswv yim:
- Thawj hnav khaub ncaws ntawm lws suav seedlings. Nws yog tsim tom qab ob qhov tseeb nplooj tau tsim ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Qhov kev hnav khaub ncaws saum toj no yuav tsum tsis yog tsuas yog poov tshuaj, nitrogen thiab phosphorus, tab sis kuj tseem muaj tag nrho cov kab mob ntxiv. Koj tuaj yeem npaj cov chiv zoo li no ntawm koj tus kheej: sib tov ib liter ntawm dej kais dej (1 liter), ob chav superphosphate (2 g), poov tshuaj chiv (0.5 g) thiab urea (0.5 g). Txhua yam yog npaj txhij. Koj tuaj yeem pub. Kev hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm cov txiv lws suav tom qab xaiv tuaj yeem nqa tawm nrog kev npaj Nitrofos tiav: nws yog txaus rau dilute ib tablespoon ntawm chiv nyob rau hauv ib liter ntawm dej sov.
- Ntxiv peb ua cov khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus hauv 7-8 hnub. Peb npaj cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li thaum lub sij hawm thawj pub - peb ntxiv tib yam khoom rau ib liter dej, tsuas yog peb muab ob npaug rau lawv cov koob tshuaj. Los yog peb siv Nitrofos chiv. Peb yug los ib yam li tau piav saum toj no.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Ua ntej qhov thib ob pub mis, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ntsuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov nroj tsuag visually. Yog hais tias cov yub ncav cuag ntau heev, ces peb hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus yam tsis muaj nitrogen-muaj cov khoom xyaw.
Tom qab 14-16 hnub, peb ua ib qho hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus nrog cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke xws li Nitrofos, Fortress, Agricola lossis Mortar
Qhov tseem ceeb! Yog tias koj siv cov khaub ncaws npaj txhij, ces tsis tas yuav poob, ua ntej siv, koj yuav tsum tau nyeem cov lus qhia kom paub meejlub tswv yim hais txog lub hom phiaj ntawm ib qho chiv. Los ntawm txoj kev, yog tias nws tau qhia tias qhov sib tov tau pom zoo rau pub cov neeg laus cov nroj tsuag, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem siv tau rau cov tub ntxhais hluas cov nroj tsuag: koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau halve qhov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj.
Ib lub lis piam ua ntej hloov cov noob rau hauv av qhib, peb ua tiav kev pub mis zaum kawg, uas suav nrog cov khoom hauv qab no: dej hauv chav sov (1 liter), poov tshuaj chiv (li 8 g), ob npaug superphosphate (4 g) thiab urea (1 g). Koj tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj "Effekton-O", uas yuav tsum tau diluted raws li cov lus qhia txuas nrog
Qhov tseem ceeb! Tsis txhob ua phem rau kev noj cov kua txob thiab txiv lws suav. Pub rau lawv tsuas yog thaum cov nroj tsuag saib stunted thiab tsis muaj zog. Tsis xav tias muaj ib lo lus hais tias "qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog yeeb ncuab ntawm qhov zoo." Nco ntsoov: cov chiv ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij piv rau lawv qhov tsis txaus. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yuav tsum tau ceev faj heev nrog nitrogen fertilizing ntawm lws suav seedlings: yog hais tias koj overdose lawv, koj yuav tau txais tsuas lush bushes, thiab koj yuav tsum tsis nco qab txog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Cov cim qhia ntawm micronutrient deficiency
Qhov tseeb tias tsob ntoo tsis muaj qee qhov microelements tuaj yeem qhia tau zoo los ntawm nws qhov tsos:
- Ib lub cim qhia tias tsis muaj cov chiv nitrogen txaus hauv cov av yog daj thiab nplooj qeeb, uas tom qab ntawd tsuas yog poob. Nws yog qhov ua tau, ntawm chav kawm, qhov teeb meem ntawm cov ntawv phaj yog vim tsis muaj lub teeb. Los yog tej zaum yog vim li cas kub heev los yog, conversely, ib yam nkaus thiabqis.
- Ib qho tsis muaj phosphorus yog taw qhia los ntawm ntshav tsim ntawm nplooj nplooj thiab qia ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas yub.
- Asymmetric thiab me me nplooj ntawm bushes qw txog zinc tshaib plab.
- Qhov muaj nplooj daj ntseg nrog cov leeg ntsuab ntsuab tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj qhov tsis muaj hlau.
Cov cim qhia ntawm kev noj zaub mov ntau
Kev noj ntau dhau hauv kev pub cov txiv lws suav yog qhov tsis xav tau. Nyob rau hauv xws li mob, lawv hais tias cov nroj tsuag pib "fatten". Cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem yog:
- magnesium ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau nplooj nplooj curl thiab nplooj nplooj tig xim av.
- Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov calcium ntau dhau yog cov nplooj ntoo chlorosis, uas tshwm li daj ntseg nrog cov voj voog concentric uas muaj cov kua dej (xws li dej).
- Ntau dhau ntawm phosphorus ua rau cov txiv lws suav loj hlob sai.
- Ntau cov poov tshuaj ntau dhau ua rau cov nroj tsuag stunted kev loj hlob, nrog rau cov nplooj thiab lawv lub caij nplooj zeeg.
- Kev siv ntau dhau ntawm cov chiv, uas suav nrog cov khoom xws li boron, manganese thiab tooj liab, yuav cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig (hauv qhov tsis zoo) ntawm cov txiv lws suav thiab kua txob, ib yam nkaus.
- Lub ntsiab lus ntawm "fatty" cov nroj tsuag yog qhov muaj cov nplooj tuab, cov nplooj ntsuab loj thiab cov zaub tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig.
Note! Kev noj ntau dhau ntawm ntsev, urea thiab ammonium sulfate yog qhov tsis tsim nyog. Xws li cov chiv yuav tsum tau siv nruj me ntsis raws li cov lus qhia txuas nrog.rau tus kws tsim tshuaj.
Txoj kev daws cov noob qoob loo
Koj tuaj yeem kho qhov xwm txheej los ntawm kev siv ntau yam kev ntsuas agrotechnical:
- Txawm li cas los xij "txoj kev dej" ntawm cov kua txob thiab txiv lws suav rau 8-10 hnub.
- Kev txo cov txheej txheem zoo li kev tso tawm. Qhov siab tshaj plaws uas ua tau yog qhib qhov rais.
- Txhob teeb pom kev zoo rau tsob ntoo.
- Kev tshem tawm kev siv cov chiv uas muaj nitrogen.
Note! Raws li kev hnav khaub ncaws sab saum toj rau fattening seedlings, peb pom zoo phosphate chiv, uas peb tshuaj tsuag tsis tsuas yog ntsuab saum, tab sis kuj siv ncaj qha rau hauv paus ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Nco ntsoov moisten cov av ua ntej fertilizing. Nws raug nquahu kom ntxiv txog 1 liter ntawm superphosphate rau ib tsob nroj ntawm kua txob lossis txiv lws suav.
Pub cov noob txiv lws suav thiab kua txob nrog cov tshuaj pej xeem
Ntau tus neeg ua teb nyiam fertilize zaub siv dab tsi ntawm tes (piv txwv li kev kho pej xeem). Cov zaub mov txawv rau kev ua cov dej qab zib no yog qhov yooj yim heev thiab tau sim los ntawm ntau tiam neeg. Yog li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem siv lawv yam xyuam xim, thiab koj yuav muaj peev xwm loj hlob zoo thiab muaj zog seedlings. Pub cov txiv lws suav tuaj yeem ua tiav siv:
- dos tev. Nws txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov qoob loo zaub thiab pab tiv thaiv lawv cov kab tsuag. Peb ua cov tincture raws li hauv qab no: muab cov husks los ntawm tsib dos nyob rau hauv ib tug tsib-liter hub, ncuav dej sov mus rau lub brim, kaw lub hau, tsis txhob tag nrho twist nws thiab muab lub ntim rau hauv ib qhov chaw tsaus thiab sov. Tom qab 4-5 hnub, peb lim cov tincture thiab siv nws rautshuaj tua kab mob ntawm cov av thiab txau cov nplooj loj ntawm seedlings.
- kas fes. Ua ntej, peb sau nws thiab qhuav nws. Tom qab ntawd peb ua ib tug thickening nyob rau hauv ib tug me me npaum li cas rau hauv av. Cov av sib xyaw ua kom zoo dua, vim li ntawd, oxygen nkag mus rau cov hauv paus hniav ntawm cov nroj tsuag txhim kho.
- Eggshell. Nws muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig kab uas yuav pab tau rau cov nroj tsuag hluas. Peb muab lub plhaub los ntawm 3-4 qe nyob rau hauv ib lub hub, sau lawv nrog dej sov (peb litres). Peb kaw lub hau, tab sis tsis txhob ntswj nws tag nrho kom tsis muaj cua nkag mus me ntsis, thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw tsaus rau 3 hnub. Qhov sib tov yuav npaj tau thaum koj hnov tsw tsw ntxhiab tsw.
- Ash. Nws tuaj yeem yog straw lossis ntoo. Txhawm rau npaj cov khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus rau cov txiv lws suav, ncuav tshauv (1 tablespoon) nrog dej kub (2 liv) thiab hais rau ib hnub.
- Qos yaj ywm peel. Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov as-ham, yog li qos yaj ywm tev dej yog qhov zoo rau kev pub cov noob. Nws yuav tsum tau siv chilled.
In xaus
Tam sim no koj muaj cov ntaub ntawv tiav txog yuav ua li cas pub cov noob txiv lws suav thiab kua txob. Thiab koj muaj lub caij nyoog zoo ntawm kev loj hlob noj qab haus huv thiab muaj zog seedlings. Siv zog me ntsis thiab ua siab ntev thiab koj yuav tau txais cov qoob loo zoo.
