Rau cov neeg Lavxias, qos yaj ywm tau dhau los ua khob cij thib ob rau lub sijhawm ntev. Yog tsis muaj kab lis kev cai no, peb lub rooj tsis tiav. Yuav kom ntseeg tau tus phooj ywg zoo seedlings thiab yav tom ntej ib tug nplua nuj sau ntawm tubers, koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ntawm cov khoom cog. Xav txog ntau yam kev xaiv rau yuav ua li cas germinate qos yaj ywm sai dua, yuav ua li cas cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua tubers yog siv, raws li zoo raws li cov yuav tsum tau rau lub chav tsev uas lawv khaws cia.
Yog koj saib lub tuber, koj tuaj yeem pom qhov muag ntawm nws qhov chaw du. Los ntawm lawv, sprouts tshwm. Qos yaj ywm tau ua tib zoo xaiv thiab npaj tshwj xeeb ua ntej cog. Ua ntej tau txais kev paub txog cov kev xaiv rau kev ua cov khoom cog, peb yuav tham me ntsis txog cov hom nrov tshaj plaws ntawm cov qoob loo no. Muaj ntau hom uas tsim nyog rau kib, ua cov qos yaj ywm mashed thiab chips. Muaj ntau yam loj, xws li qos yaj ywm Impala, Giant thiab lwm yam. Raws li lub caij ripening, ntxov, nruab nrab-thaum ntxov, nruab nrab-lub caij, lig.
Sampling thiab calibration
Tom qab sau qoob loo, nws yog qhov tsim nyogsaib xyuas xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws tubers rau cov noob. Lawv yuav tsum tau muab cais los ntawm qhov hnyav, qhov loj. Rau kev cog, koj yuav tsum xaiv tubers, qhov loj ntawm uas tsis pub tshaj qhov loj ntawm lub qe qaib. Sim zam cov qauv uas cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab tsuag, qhia txog kab mob, lossis raug mob thaum khawb. Yog li, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xaiv qos yaj ywm rau cog, tsis muaj qhov tsis xws luag. Txwv tsis pub, nws yuav tsis khaws cia. Ua ntej cog, tubers yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov neeg uas muaj cov tsos mob ntawm frostbite, lwj los ntawm kab tsuag, suffocated thaum lub sij hawm cia, cuam tshuam los ntawm rot, thiab dab tuag yog tsis lees paub. Tsuas yog cov tubers noj qab haus huv tuaj yeem ua kom cov qoob loo nce mus txog peb caug-rau feem pua thiab txo lub sijhawm los ntawm kev cog rau khawb qos yaj ywm los ntawm kaum mus rau kaum plaub hnub.
Room
Yuav khaws cov qos yaj ywm tom qab sau, npaj ib qho chaw qhuav thiab txias. Qhov kub thiab txias yuav tsum tsis txhob siab tshaj 4 degrees. Yav dhau los, nws tuaj yeem kho nrog cov tshuaj uas tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm pwm thiab kab mob. Raws li txoj cai, cov khoom cog yog sau rau hauv cov thawv ntoo thiab muab tso rau hauv cellars, stacked. Chav tsev yog nruab nrog lub teeb fluorescent.
Cov xwm txheej rau germinating tubers
Cov neeg ua teb, cov neeg ua teb lossis cov neeg ua liaj ua teb koom nrog kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov qoob loo no tuaj yeem qhia koj yuav ua li cas cog qos yaj ywm kom raug. Ua ntej tshaj, tom qab ntevcia nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw txias, cov noob yuav tsum tau tsiv mus rau lwm chav uas muaj diffused tshav ntuj thiab kub yog siab dua. Yog tias koj tsis muaj lub thawv ntoo rau khaws cia, koj tuaj yeem hloov lawv nrog lwm lub thawv. Piv txwv li, hnab yas. Nyob rau hauv lawv, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ua qhov nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 1.2-1.5 cm rau tubers ua pa. Txhua lub hnab yuav tsum muaj plaub mus rau tsib kilograms ntawm qos yaj ywm. Ib txoj kev zoo sib xws yog tsim rau tubers uas sprouts tseem tsis tau hatched. Lawv tshwm sim tom qab 25-30 hnub. Ua ntej germinating qos yaj ywm rau cog, tubers yuav tsum "sawv". Haum sprouts uas tau mus txog 2-3 centimeters. Yog hais tias ob qho tib si muaj zog thiab tsis muaj zog tua tsim ntawm ib lub tuber, ces nws yog qhov zoo dua los tshem tawm cov filamentous tua los yog tsis kam lees zoo li no tuber. Nws yuav tsis muab siab yield. Ua kom cov qos yaj ywm germinate sai dua, koj tuaj yeem tsim qhov kub thiab txias rau lawv. Nws tuaj yeem nyob ntawm 18 txog 20 degrees Celsius. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog txo mus rau 10-14 degrees. Yog hais tias germination tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob nyob ze rau lub tsev, ces chav tsev kub yuav pab ncua cov txheej txheem ntawm tshwm sim ntawm sprouts. Lawv yuav tshwm sim tom qab 35-40 hnub xwb.
Nws pom zoo kom txiav cov qos yaj ywm rau hauv daim ua ntej cog. Qhov no feem ntau yog siv rau cov tubers loj. Yog hais tias qos yaj ywm hnyav los ntawm 160 mus rau 200 grams, ces nws yog txaus txiav nws mus rau hauv plaub qhov chaw. Ntawm txhua daim (qhov hnyav 40 grams) yuav tsum muaj ib lossis ob lub qhov muag. Qhov kev ua haujlwm no tuaj yeem ua tausiv ib lub lim tiam ua ntej cog lossis ib hlis thiab ib nrab. Thaum lub sij hawm txiav, riam yuav tsum tau sterilized nyob rau hauv ib tug daws ntawm lysol los yog tshauv. Ib zaj duab xis tiv thaiv yog tsim ntawm qhov chaw txiav. Txoj kev no yuav pab daws tau ntau yam teeb meem ib zaug. Niam tub, uas ua hauj lwm los tsim ib tsob nroj tshiab, rots sai dua, ntau stems tshwm, ua rau ib tug loj yield.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg sawv daws
Kev tawm mus rau tubers nrog lub teeb yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los cog qos yaj ywm rau cog thiab ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau yav tom ntej. Cov khoom siv noob yog nchuav rau hauv lub thawv rau hauv ib txheej thiab raug rau txoj kev, nyob rau hauv ib lub canopy. Los ntawm saum toj no lawv yuav tsum tau them nrog ib zaj duab xis uas yuav ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm noo noo thiab cua sov. Yog li ntawd lawv khaws cia rau ob lub lis piam. Nyob rau hauv lub cuam tshuam ntawm tawg rays ntawm lub hnub, ntau sprouts tshwm, uas ncav cuag los ntawm peb mus rau tsib millimeters. Chlorophyll pib sau nyob rau hauv tubers, lawv tig ntsuab. Cov txheej txheem no yuav pab ntxiv dag zog rau hauv paus system thiab foliage kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag yav tom ntej. Cov sprouts tshwm nrog ntau nplooj me me thiab muaj zog hauv paus. Lawv tsis tawg thaum tsaws.
Kev ua tubers nrog tshuaj
Vim tias nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau yub qos yaj ywm ua ntej cog kom muaj txiaj ntsig, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob quav ntsej cov txheej txheem ntawm kev cog cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb chiv thiab cov tebchaw. Txoj kev ntawm soaking tubers nyob rau hauv ib tug daws ntawm superphosphate thiab ammonium nitrate yog zoo heev. Lawv noj plaub kilograms ib puas liters dej,sib xyaw. Tom qab ntawd lub tubers yog txo mus rau hauv lub resulting daws thiab sab laug rau peb teev. Xws li kev kho mob pab txhawb rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm sprouts, thaum ntxov txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tsim ntawm haib bushes thiab nce yields. Ua ntej cog, tubers yog soaked rau ib teev. Noob cov khoom uas germinates nyob rau hauv lub teeb yog sprayed nrog tib cov tshuaj 1-2 hnub ua ntej cog. Tom qab ntawd, nws raug nquahu kom npog nws nrog zaj duab xis. Yog tias cov thawv nyob hauv qhov chaw qhib, ces nws tuaj yeem yog xim dub los tiv thaiv lub hnub. Kev npaj PP "Fitop-Flora-S" kuj tseem siv. To taub yuav ua li cas germinate qos yaj ywm nrog nws yog heev yooj yim. Ua ntej cog rau ntawm qhov chaw, koj yuav tsum khawb qhov chaw so. Tso ib zaj duab xis rau hauv nws thiab sprinkle qos yaj ywm. Tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsum tau txau nrog chiv, npog nrog zaj duab xis saum toj thiab sab laug rau ib teev thiab ib nrab. Qhov kev kho mob no yuav pab txhawb kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tubers. Koj tuaj yeem ua kom lub sijhawm so ntawm cov noob ua ntej sprouts tshwm.
Nyob rau hauv sawdust
Lwm txoj hauv kev zoo rau germinate qos yaj ywm rau cog yog siv ntub sawdust. Lawv tuaj yeem hloov nrog peat, humus lossis tws moss. ntub substrate yog nchuav rau hauv cov thawv ntoo. Nws thickness yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj tsib centimeters. Cov khoom siv noob tau muab tso rau saum nws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tubers tau muab tso ze rau ib leeg, nrog ob lub qhov muag taw rau saum. Tom qab ntawd cov qos yaj ywm npog nrog lwm txheej ntawm substrate. Thaum kawg, cov ntxhia chiv yuav tsum tau siv. Txhawm rau npaj cov tshuaj, koj yuav xav tau kaum liv dej, 60 grams superphosphate, 20 grams poov tshuaj chloride, 30 grams ammonium nitrate. Txoj kev no tso cai rau koj mus germinate tubers nyob rau hauv 15-20 hnub. Nyob rau hauv chav tsev uas cov khoom siv noob khaws cia, qhov kub yuav tsum tau khaws cia ntawm + 15 txog + 20 ° C. Tom qab ob lub lis piam, lub hauv paus system zoo yuav tsim. Nov yog lwm txoj hauv kev zoo yuav ua li cas germinate qos yaj ywm rau cog: nws raug pom zoo kom txiav cov tubers. Lawv yuav txhawb qhov tshwm sim ntawm sprouts. Lawv tau ua nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev. Ib qho kev txiav yog ua los ntawm cov tuber, thaum tawm hauv ib lub me me jumper ntawm 1 centimeter, los yog raws lub nplhaib mus rau qhov tob ntawm 1.5 centimeters. Txoj kev no tso cai rau koj rov faib cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig uas nkag mus rau qhov muag. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm xws li kev ua haujlwm yuav yog qhov pom ntawm ntau tus sprouts. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tau muab faib sib npaug thoob plaws hauv lub tuber.
