Cov nroj tsuag zoo nkauj no feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tsim toj roob hauv pes. Larch yog tsob ntoo loj hlob sai nrog cov kab sib kis.
Feem ntau, cov nroj tsuag coniferous tsis zam kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ceg ntoo, tab sis qhov no tsis siv rau larch. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, muaj kwv yees li 15 hom nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv lub genus Larch. Koj tuaj yeem ntsib lawv hauv ntau yam kev nyab xeeb.
Cov kab lus nthuav tawm cov lus piav qhia, kev loj hlob thiab cov duab ntawm European larch.
thaj chaw faib khoom
Muaj larches hauv hav zoov sib xyaw hauv thaj tsam ntawm Northern thiab Western Europe mus rau Carpathians. Lawv feem ntau loj hlob nyob rau hauv roob toj roob hauv pes ntawm Carpathians thiab Alps ntawm qhov siab ntawm 1000 txog 2500 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem, interspersed nrog spruce thiab fir.
Lub neej ntawm tsob ntoo no yog kwv yees li 500 xyoo, uas tsis yog qhov txwv. Cov laus tshaj plaws uas sau tau larch yog 800 xyoo.
Raws li kev kwv yees ntxhib, hom no yog qhov ntau tshajtsob ntoo loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb los ntawm cov lej.
Nyob ntawm larches
Ua ntej, cia peb qhia luv luv txog ntau yam ntawm larches. Ntawm 15 hom nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab vaj, feem ntau yog plaub yog zus:
- Siberian larch. Tshaj tawm nyob rau hauv European ib feem ntawm Russia thiab Western Siberia. Nws yog nws uas feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv squares thiab chaw ua si hauv nroog. Nws qhov tshwj xeeb feature yog cov ceg loj heev thiab yuav luag tsis muaj cov twigs me me. Cov pob yog loj. Ib tug yam ntxwv feature rau nws yog ib tug ua ntej poob ntawm koob tom qab yellowing piv rau lwm hom.
- Dahurian larch (Gmelina) yog cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia rau Frost tsis kam. Qhov chaw ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Far East thiab Siberia. Tsis tshua muaj siv nyob rau hauv horticulture. Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb yog lub ntsej muag sib dua thiab nyias nyias, nrog rau lub khob me me nrog cov nplai nrog qhov taw qhia me ntsis.
- European larch hauv Russia tsis tshua muaj ntau dua Siberian larch, thiab feem ntau tuaj yeem pom hauv cov chaw ua si qub hauv nroog. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom paub qhov txawv los ntawm quaj, poob nplooj. Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog cov hom no (kev piav qhia, cog thiab kev saib xyuas) tuaj yeem pom ntxiv los ntawm kab lus.
- Zoo-scaled Japanese larch (los yog Kaempfera) yog cov nroj tsuag zoo nkauj pom nyob hauv roob Nyiv Pooj. Nws muaj dav thiab ntev koob ntawm lub teeb turquoise xim. Nws cov cones yog qhov zoo nkauj tshwj xeeb, cov nplai uas yog nkhaus sab nraud, yog li lawv zoo li cov roses me me zoo nkauj.
Kev piav qhia ntawm European larch
tsob ntoo no nyob hauv hav zoovNws loj hlob mus txog 50 meters hauv qhov siab, thiab txoj kab uas hla ntawm nws lub cev tuaj yeem yog 1.5 meters. Txawm li cas los xij, cov larches hauv vaj kab lis kev cai no yog qhov me me.
Lub kaus mom muaj qhov tsis sib xws lossis conical. Lub bark yog grey-xim av. Cov ceg yog poob, thiab nplooj nyob rau ntawm luv tua yog sib txawv ntev thiab lawv tau sau 30-40 pieces nyob rau hauv bunches. Cov tub ntxhais hluas cones tau pleev xim rau hauv cov xim zoo nkauj ntshav, thaum laus lawv tau txais xim av xim. Buds feem ntau qhib thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Nyob rau hauv Russia, hom larch no yog cog raws li tsob ntoo vaj. Ntau tus neeg tsis meej pem Siberian thiab European larch, tsis pom qhov sib txawv uas twb muaj lawm. Qhov tseeb, thawj hom yog tus yam ntxwv, raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, los ntawm kev quaj kev sib tw sprouts uas txuas ntawm cov ceg pob txha.
Txoj kev loj hlob
Larch yog unpretentious, photophilous, prefers zoo-drained, moist thiab me ntsis alkaline av. Nws loj hlob me ntsis zuj zus ntawm cov av acidic thiab qhuav xuab zeb. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov qhuav, cov ntoo hluas xav tau dej zoo. Cov nroj tsuag zoo kawg nkaus zam kev hloov pauv txhua lub hnub nyoog.
Cov chaw faib khoom - sab qaum teb thiab sab hnub poob hav zoov ntawm cov teb chaws Europe. Larch muaj ib tug nyiam rau intensive kev loj hlob, kev loj hlob sai. Nyob rau hauv lub latitudes ntawm Russia, nws qhov siab nce mus txog ib nrab ntawm qhov ua tau. Tsob ntoo yoog tau zoo rau txhua qhov av, txawm tias loam thiab limestone, tab sis nws tsis teb zoo rauav nyob ze.
Larch tau loj hlob hauv Tebchaws Europe txij thaum ub. Yog li ntawd, cov tsiaj no muaj ntau hom vaj, ntawm uas creeping thiab quaj, grafting mus rau ib tug qia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj nyob rau hauv Russia.
Ntau yam ntawm European larch
- "Konika" yog daim ntawv qauv nrog lub ntsej muag zoo li niaj zaus. Cov ceg qis qis yog nyob rau hauv lub dav hlau kab rov tav, thiab cov uas loj hlob siab dua yog luv, vim yog lub khob hliav qab tsim. Cov ntau yam tau bred nyob rau hauv 1868 los ntawm Fabkis breeders.
- "Ntshav" - ib tsob ntoo dwarf nrog lub hau nqaim nrog cov tua dai zoo li ib tug quaj quaj. Qhov nruab nrab qhov siab ntawm cov nroj tsuag ncav cuag qhov siab ntawm 2 meters. Cov koob yog ntsuab nrog ib tug grey tint. Larch, uas xav tau ntau qhov chaw, yog siv ob qho tib si hauv pawg cog thiab hu nkauj. Daim ntawv yog Frost-resistant, zam lub caij ntuj no zoo.
- Creeping form - dwarf clearstem tree. Cov tua wilt muaj zog, ncav cuag hauv av thiab kis raws nws. Lub cev yog feem ntau reclining, nkhaus, lub crown yog dav thiab ntom. Ua tsaug rau nws, larch zoo nkaus li zoo nkauj heev. Rau overwintering, lub cev yuav tsum tau them nrog breathable rwb thaiv tsev.
Kuj tseem ceeb yog ntau yam xws li European weeping larch - Pendula, Fastigiata, Compacta, Kellermannii, Corley, Repens, thiab lwm yam.
Weep form
European Larch Pendula muaj cov kab nyias nyias nyob ntawm lub cev, uas dai zoo nkauj. Hauv qhov siab, tsob ntoo hlob mus txog 30meters. European gardeners thawj zaug pom nws nyob rau hauv 1836 thiab tam sim ntawd saws nws. Larch ntawm daim ntawv no yog photophilous thiab lub caij ntuj no-hardy. Nws reproduces by grafting.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias tsob ntoo tiv taus huab cua, yog li nws ua tau zoo hauv nroog ib puag ncig. Thiab nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, larch tau dav bred, vim hais tias nws yog zoo nkauj thiab loj hlob sai heev.
Loj hlob larch los ntawm noob
Txhawm rau loj hlob European larch los ntawm cov noob, koj yuav tsum tuav lawv hauv dej txias li 3 hnub ua ntej cog. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub sijhawm yuav tsum tau hloov kho kom lub ntiaj teb sov so zoo thaum lub sijhawm sown.
Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm kab yuav tsum yog li 12 centimeters, thiab nruab nrab ntawm cov nroj tsuag - ob peb centimeters. Cog qhov tob ntawm cov av yuav tsum yog 3-5 mm. Nrog rau kev cog qoob loo thiab huab cua zoo, cov noob yuav tsum tshwm sim li ntawm ob lub lis piam. Thaum nws txias, nws yog qhov zoo dua los npog cov qoob loo nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb hauv vaj.
Thaum cog cov noob ntawm European larch, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai hauv qab no. Nws yog ntshaw kom cog lawv nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg (thaum lub koob tig daj) los yog nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav (tom qab cov av tau tag nrho thawed). Ua ntej koj yuav tsum tau npaj qhov chaw tsaws, uas yuav tsum tsis txhob muab ntxoov ntxoo. Khawb ib lub qhov ntsuas 50 x 50 cm. Npog lub hauv paus ntawm cov nroj tsuag nrog sib tov ntawm peat thiab excavated soddy av (qhov ratio 1: 1). ATYog lub ntiaj teb hnyav, nws yuav tsum tau zoo diluted nrog xuab zeb.
Ib tsob ntoo cog ntawm European larch (zoo ib yam) yuav tsum tau watered abundantly. Koj tuaj yeem ntxiv me ntsis compost lossis humus. Nws tsis pom zoo kom ntxiv cov chiv tshiab. Thaum tsim cov xwm txheej zoo, larch siv cov hauv paus zoo thiab xav tias xis nyob. Txhua xyoo, nws tuaj yeem ntxiv txog 1.5 meters hauv qhov siab.
Nws yog ntshaw kom fertilize lub ntiaj teb nrog ntxhia chiv, piv txwv li, nitroammophos. Thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob theem, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau watering lub seedlings, raws li cov av yuav tsum tas li moist. Yog tias txhua yam ua tiav lawm, xyoo tom ntej koj yuav muaj cov nroj tsuag muaj zog. Cov yub cog yuav tsum tau cog rau ntawm qhov deb ntawm ib leeg, thiab tom qab lwm xyoo lossis ob xyoos lawv tuaj yeem cog rau hauv qhov chaw ruaj khov.
Zoo kawg
Nrog rau qhov kev siv zog tsawg thiab lub sijhawm, koj tuaj yeem hloov pauv qhov tsos ntawm lub vaj lossis vaj tsev nrog kev pab los ntawm ib qho amazingly zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj coniferous quaj kev zoo nkauj. Ua raws li cov cai yooj yim, koj tuaj yeem cog tsob ntoo ntawm lwm cov nroj tsuag lossis hu nkauj hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov nyom.
Txij lub Plaub Hlis, cov koob hluas pib tshwm rau ntawm tsob ntoo, uas zoo siab rau qhov muag nrog lawv cov zaub ntsuab kom txog rau thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg. Ua tsaug rau cov nroj tsuag no, lub tsev lub caij ntuj sov yuav saib zoo nkauj thiab tshwj xeeb.
