Txhawm rau txo tus nqi them nqi hluav taws xob, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau insulate lub façade. Koj yuav tsum ua lub luag haujlwm rau kev xaiv cov khoom siv. Cov lus qhia ntawm cov kws tshaj lij yuav pab koj yuav cov rwb thaiv tsev tsim nyog thiab ua kom zoo nrog koj tus kheej tes. Rwb thaiv tsev tshuab yuav tham ntxiv.
Vim li cas insulate lub tsev sab nraum?
Facade rwb thaiv tsev tshuab suav nrog kev siv cov khoom sib txawv. Tej zaum lawv yuav txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Niaj hnub no, yuav luag tsis muaj tsev yuav ua tau yam tsis muaj thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntxiv. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau mount lub rwb thaiv tsev sab nraum lub tsev. Cov thev naus laus zis no muaj ntau yam zoo dua li kev tsim cov txheej txheem insulating sab hauv tsev.
Kev rwb thaiv tsev ntxiv txo kev siv zog. Feem ntau cov cua sov tawm ntawm phab ntsa. Yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau insulated. Qhov no muaj tseeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub caij ntuj no hnyav Russia.
Cov kws tshaj lij hais tias tus nqi ntawm kev yuav khoom thiab txhim kho thermal rwb thaiv tsev them nyiaj hauv 2-3 xyoos xwb. Kev them nyiaj rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yuav raug txiav tximme me. Txuag mus txog 60% ntawm cov roj lossis hluav taws xob.
Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm facade ntawm lub tsev kuj tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntawm phab ntsa. Lawv tsis khov, tsis raug rau qhov tsis zoo ntawm huab cua puag. Qhov no txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm dampness thiab fungus hauv chav. Kev siv cov rwb thaiv tsev thermal tso cai rau koj kom ntev lub neej ntawm lub tsev.
Muaj ntau lub tshuab cua sov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Lawv txawv ntawm ntau tus yam ntxwv. Koj tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom siv hluavtaws lossis ntxhia ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Txhawm rau xaiv qhov yog, koj yuav tsum xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv cov hom loj.
Technology selection
Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub façade ntawm lub tsev tuaj yeem ua tau ntau yam. Feem ntau feem ntau tsim "ntub" lossis "ventilated" txheej ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Thawj qhov kev xaiv yog siv ntau dua thaum kho cov phab ntsa sab nrauv ntawm cov tsev nyob hauv ntau lub tsev. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, xaiv hom rwb thaiv tsev cov ntaub ntawv yog tsau rau saum npoo nrog kua nplaum. Nws kuj tau kho nrog cov dowels tshwj xeeb.
"ntub" hom rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov phab ntsa sab nrauv tso cai rau koj los kho cov khoom ntawm lub hauv paus kom nruj. Tom qab txhim kho cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev, ib txheej ntawm plaster thiab tshwj xeeb facade xim yuav tsum tau siv.
Koj tuaj yeem tsim lub qhov cua façade tiav. Txoj kev no yog qhov tsim nyog rau lub tsev ntiag tug. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug ncej yog tsim nyob rau hauv ob peb centimeters deb ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub hauv paus. Tshwj xeeb hinged panels thiab siding yog ntsia rau ntawm tus ncej. Rwb thaiv tsev yog mounted nyob rau hauv qhov chaw dawb ntawm tus ncej.
Tseem muaj lwm hom kev tsim kho vaj tse. Qhov kev xaiv no zoo dua rau ib lub tsev qub qub. Hauv qhov no, lwm phab ntsa yog ua nyob ib ncig ntawm lub tsev qub. Nws feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cib. Ua npuas ncauj lossis lwm hom thermal rwb thaiv tsev yog tshuab rau hauv qhov sib txawv. Hom rwb thaiv tsev no kuj tsim nyog rau lub tsev slag puv lossis ntoo.
Kev xaiv ntawm txoj kev ua kom tiav lub façade nrog thermal rwb thaiv tsev nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub tsev nws tus kheej. Tsis tas li, kev saib xyuas zoo yuav tsum tau them rau kev xaiv ntawm ntau yam khoom siv.
Styrofoam thiab Styrofoam
Feem ntau, polystyrene ua npuas ncauj lossis polystyrene yog siv los tsim cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev zoo rau cov phab ntsa sab nrauv ntawm lub tsev. Cov no yog ob hom hluavtaws ntawm cov khoom siv. Lawv muaj ntau qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb. Thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub façade nrog ua npuas ncauj yas yuav raug nqi tsawg dua. Cov khoom siv no yuav tsum yog tuab txaus kom cov cua sov ntawm lawv lub tsev tawm. Yog li ntawd, los tsim ib txheej ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev, ua npuas ncauj yas nrog ib tug tuab ntawm tsawg kawg yog 10 cm yog siv.
nthuav polystyrene kuj yog cov khoom siv polymeric. Txawm li cas los xij, nws txawv ntawm polystyrene hauv txoj kev tsim khoom thiab cov yam ntxwv. Qhov no yog cov khoom siv ruaj khov dua. Nws tuaj yeem siv tau txawm tias npaj cov rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov yam ntxwv thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm nthuav dav polystyrene yeej ib txwm siab dua li ntawm polystyrene.
Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm facades nrog nthuav polystyrene lossis polystyrene ua npuas ncauj muaj ntau qhov tsis zoo. Cov khoom siv hluavtaws yaj sai sai ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv tso cov tshuaj lom rau hauv ib puag ncig.tshuaj.
Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias polystyrene ua npuas ncauj thiab polystyrene ua npuas ncauj tsis tso cai rau ya raws thiab chav nkag mus. Yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tsuas yog siv rau ventilated hom qauv. Txwv tsis pub, phab ntsa nyob rau hauv cov khoom no yuav sai sai vau. Nws tseem tsim nyog xav txog tias kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev thermal yog txog 40 xyoo. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab 10 xyoo, polystyrene ua npuas ncauj thiab polystyrene ua npuas ncauj poob lawv cov khoom. Lawv yuav ua cua sov ntau zog.
Ib qho ntawm cov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog insulate lub façade nrog cov ntaub plaub. Cov khoom no yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom xyaw ntuj. Yog li ntawd, nws muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo ib puag ncig. Nws yog cov khoom uas tsis yog-flammable kiag li. Nws muaj peev xwm "ua pa". Chav dhau los ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov fibers yam tsis muaj stagnation ntawm no. Qhov no tso cai rau siv cov ntaub plaub ntxhia los npaj "ntub" facades.
Cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev zoo ntawm cov ntaub plaub tsiaj muaj ntau dua li cov polystyrene nthuav dav lossis polystyrene. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob ntub. Yog tias cov paj rwb ntub dej, nws yuav tsis ua haujlwm rau nws. Thaum tshav kub kub yuav tawm hauv chav sai sai. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub system, koj yuav tsum tau nruab ib txheej ntawm vapor barrier, thiab sab nraum - waterproofing.
Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias cov ntaub plaub ntxhia tsis zoo rau cov khoom siv hluavtaws ntau yam ntawm lub zog. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm installation, ib tug reinforcing mesh yuav tsum tau ntsia rau nws.
Mineral wool muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntev. Rau cov ntoo facades, nws yog hom nyiam.cov ntaub ntawv, raws li nws ua raws li cov kev cai ntawm kev nyab xeeb hluav taws. Kuj nthuav tawm rwb thaiv tsev tuaj yeem ua raws li lub suab rwb thaiv tsev zoo. Rau facade rwb thaiv tsev, nws raug nquahu kom siv bas alt lossis iav ntaub plaub.
Cov Lus Qhia Tus Kheej
Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub ntsej muag nrog cov ntaub plaub yog pom zoo yog tias muaj ntoo façade. Hauv qhov no, qhov ua tiav yuav ua raws li tag nrho cov qauv thiab cov kev cai ntawm kev nyab xeeb hluav taws. Mineral wool yuav ua kom sov hauv tsev.
Txhawm rau nruab cov ntaub plaub rau ntawm qhov chaw, yuav cov tshuaj nplaum tshwj xeeb. Koj yuav tsum tau npaj qhov chaw kom zoo. Dowels yog siv los ntxiv dag zog rau fixation. Cov kws tshaj lij qhia kom yuav khoom tshwj xeeb mounting. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yuav ua tau kom tsis txhob muaj cov tsos ntawm txias choj. Dowels yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm yas. Hlau hangers, self-tapping screws tsis haum rau qhov no.
Yog lub tsev muaj cib lossis cov phab ntsa pob zeb, koj tuaj yeem insulate lub façade nrog npuas yas lossis polystyrene ua npuas ncauj. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog zoo dua los tsim ib tug ventilated hom facade. Nws yuav tsim nyog rau nruab lub thav duab, thiab kho cov ntawv thermal rwb thaiv tsev rau nws. Koj tuaj yeem tsim "ntub" facade. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, koj yuav tsum tau yuav tsis tsuas yog tiav plaster, tab sis kuj ib tug reinforcing mesh.
Lub xub ntiag ntawm ib txheej ntawm huab cua ntawm lub tsev thiab cov qauv nrog rwb thaiv tsev tsub kom lub thermal rwb thaiv tsev zog ntawm lub façade. Nws yuav ua qhov thaiv ntawm huab cua txias sab nraud thiab phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev. Lub ventilated facade yog ntau duaruaj khov.
Npaj lub hauv paus
Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm facades nrog paj rwb ntaub los yog polystyrene ua npuas ncauj yuav tsum tau npaj ua ntej ntawm lub hauv paus. Txwv tsis pub, cov txheej txheem thermal rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsis ruaj khov thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo.
Los ntawm lub hauv paus koj yuav tsum tshem tawm tag nrho cov khoom txawv teb chaws, protrusions. Cov no suav nrog cov cua grilles, gutters, cua txias chav tsev. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau tshem tawm qhov rais sills, lanterns los yog teeb thiab lwm yam zoo nkauj los yog haumxeeb ntsiab. Yog hais tias kev sib txuas lus hla ntawm lub façade, lawv kuj yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm.
Nyob hauv qee lub tsev, ntau yam khoom zoo nkauj yog ua rau ntawm phab ntsa. Lawv tuaj yeem nyob ze ntawm eaves lossis qhov rais. Lawv kuj yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Tsis muaj dab tsi yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm tom ntej.
Old plaster yog kuaj kom ruaj khov. Ua li no, nws yuav tsum tau tapping. Yog tias muaj qhov tsis muaj zog, koj yuav tsum tshem tawm tag nrho cov txheej txheej qub. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov kav dej, theem tsev txiav txim siab qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov chaw. Cov teeb meem yuav tsum tau cim nrog chalk ntawm phab ntsa.
Yog tias muaj cov xim qub rau ntawm phab ntsa (tshwj xeeb yog xim roj), koj yuav tsum tshem nws. Cov khoom no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev adhesion tsis zoo thiab vapor permeability. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov fungus yog tias nws tsim nyob rau saum npoo ntawm phab ntsa. Ua li no, qhov chaw cuam tshuam yog ua tib zoo rubbed nrog cov ntawv xuab zeb. Tom qab ntawd lub saum npoo yog kho nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb antiseptic. Thaum lub sij hawm teev tseg los ntawm cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus lawm, phab ntsa yog ntxuav nrog dej.
Yog tias muaj cov kab nrib pleb loj, lwm yam tsis xws luag, lawv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv thiab kho nrog putty.
Plinth profile
Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub façade ntawm lub tsev los ntawm sab nraud xav tau kev teeb tsa hauv qab daus profile. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum nrhiav qhov chaw huab cua ntawm qhov chaw uas lub thermal rwb thaiv tsev yuav raug mounted. Cov cim no yuav tsum raug xa mus siv qib tsev mus rau txhua qhov chaw sab hauv thiab sab nraud ntawm lub façade. Lawv yuav tsum tau txuas nrog ib txoj hlua. Cov xov yuav tsum tau them nrog chalk. Nws yog rub thiab tso tawm los tsim txoj kab ncaj nraim.
Lub hauv paus profile txuas nrog rau tus cim tsim. Nws yog nyob ntawm nws tias cov rwb thaiv tsev thermal yuav ua raws li tom qab kev teeb tsa. Yog tias cov kua nplaum tseem tsis tau qhuav, daim hlau ntawm cov txheej hauv qab yuav txav tau. Qhov profile yuav tsum phim qhov dav ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev uas tau xaiv. Nws yog tsau rau lub hauv paus nrog dowels (ntev - 6 mm). Lawv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv increments ntawm 30-35 cm. Kev sib txuas, cov khoom kawg ua los ntawm cov yas yuav tsum tau mounted ntawm cov seem ntawm cov slats. Qhov no tso cai rau koj los them rau qhov thermal expansion ntawm cov khoom.
Sab nrauv qhov rais sills yuav tsum tau nruab ua ntej txheej txheej thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Lawv yuav tsum tau kho ntawm lub qhov rais. Lub qhov rais sill yuav tsum protrude rau pem hauv ntej ob peb centimeters. Tus nqi no yog txiav txim siab raws li qhov tuab ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev.
Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum tau insulate lub qhov rais ntawm sab nraud. Cov khoom siv sib txuas yog tsau rau hauv qab ntawm cov qauv. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau insulate cov nqes hav. Cov khoom yuav tsum protrude rau pem hauv ntej ob peb centimeters piv rau theem ntawm phab ntsa. Tsuas yog tom qab qhov tsim nyog tiav ntawm lub qhov rais, koj tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv nrog kev teeb tsa ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev.
Khoom boards
Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm facades los ntawm sab nrauv yuav siv cov kua nplaum rau lub phaj ntawm cov khoom xaiv. Yog ntoCov yam ntxwv los ntawm qhov muaj qhov tsis sib xws txog li 15 hli, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau siv cov txheej txheem ua ntej npaj muaj nyob hauv ib puag ncig ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev thermal. Nws yuav tsum yog 20 mm. Ob peb beacons kuj yuav tsum tau siv rau qhov chaw ntawm lub phaj. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov nplaum yuav tsum npog qhov chaw ntawm lub rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm tsawg kawg yog 60%.
Kev txhim kho pib ntawm phab ntsa hauv qab. Ntawm no lub hauv paus profile yog tsau. Cov nplooj ntawv thermal rwb thaiv tsev yog ntsia rau ntawm nws. Yog tias phab ntsa tsis sib npaug, cov nplaum nplaum kuj tseem siv rau nws. Thaum thawj txheej yog mounted, sab saum toj kab yog pw nrog ib tug offset. Nws zoo li brickwork. Txoj kev ntawm kev txhim kho cov phiaj no nce lub zog.
Cov kua nplaum nplaum yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm tam sim. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, siv lub rag. Thaum lub sij hawm installation, txoj hauj lwm ntawm daim hlau yog tswj los ntawm lub tsev theem. Cov nplooj ntawv yuav tsum tau nruj nreem nias rau ib leeg. Nruab nrab ntawm lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov chaw ntau tshaj 2 hli. Cov kua nplaum yuav tsum tsis txhob nkag mus rau hauv cov pob qij txha.
Yog tias, tom qab kev teeb tsa, qhov kev ncua deb tau txiav txim siab ntawm cov phiaj, nws yuav tsum tau tshuab nrog cov npuas mounting.
Kev kho ntxiv
Kev kho ntxiv yuav tsum tau rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub façade. Lub plaster yuav npog qhov chaw installation ntawm dowels. Lawv pib hammered rau hauv cov khoom 3 hnub tom qab gluing daim hlau. Txwv tsis pub, cov khoom yuav tev tawm. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev, cov kab mob tshwj xeeb yog siv. Cov dowel no muaj lub hau yas hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub voj voog. Cov khoom siv no muaj lub tes tsho yas. Ib tug ntsia hlau yog tsav mus rau hauv nws. Nws tuaj yeem ua los ntawm yas lossis hlau. Zoo dua xaivthawj hom ntsia thawv. Cov pas nrig yas tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo txias.
Kho nrog dowels yog ua nyob rau hauv qhov chaw thiab ntawm cov ces kaum ntawm lub phaj. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, 6 mus rau 8 clamps yuav tsum tau muab ntsia rau 1 m². Dowels raug ntsia ze ntawm qhov rais thiab qhov rooj qhov siab ntau dua ntawm qhov deb ntawm 20 cm ntawm ntug.
Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub façade hauv txoj kev no yuav xav tau kev siv lub perforator. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov cuab yeej no, qhov yog drilled nyob rau saum npoo ntawm phab ntsa nrog rwb thaiv tsev. Txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum sib haum mus rau qhov ntev ntawm cov fasteners. Qhov tob ntawm lub qhov yuav tsum yog 10 hli siab tshaj tus pas nrig. Txwv tsis pub, cov khib nyiab uas khaws cia hauv cov channel thaum lub sij hawm drilling yuav tsis tso cai rau cov dowel kom nruj rau hauv nws.
Clamps yog hammered nrog roj hmab mallet. Lub kaus mom yuav tsum nyob rau theem ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev. Nws tsis tuaj yeem protrude ntau tshaj 1 hli saum npoo av.
Kev teeb tsa tiav
Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub façade xav tau kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntxiv. Cov ces kaum nyob ze ntawm lub qhov rais thiab qhov rooj qhib yog pasted nrog thaj ua rau thaj ntawm cov khoom no. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv kev tawg ntawm qhov kawg. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb rau cov ces kaum sab hauv ntawm qhov rais thiab qhov rooj.
Txhua lub kaum sab xis yuav tsum tau ntxiv nrog cov ces kaum perforated. Lawv yog tsim los nrog ib tug strips ntawm yas mesh ntsia sab hauv. Cov kua nplaum yog siv rau qhov profile, thiab tom qab ntawd nws raug nias tawm tsam qhov chaw ntawm rwb thaiv tsev. Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav tsum tau muab sib npaug ntawm qhov chaw. Tom qab ntawd, koj tuaj yeem kho qhov kev txhawb nqa mesh ntawm lub hauv paus.
Cov khoom no yog superimposed rau ntawm ib txheej ntawm nplaum 2 hli tuab. Daim phiaj yuav tsum nias rau hauv nws,thiab tom qab ntawd du ntawm nruab nrab mus rau cov npoo. Cov kua nplaum kuj yog leveled. Tom qab ntawd, kho kom zoo nkauj ua hauj lwm yog nqa tawm thaum muaj pes tsawg leeg dries.
Tau txiav txim siab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev xaiv thiab tsim cov rwb thaiv tsev façade, koj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm koj tus kheej. Nws qhov zoo yuav tsis phem dua li cov kws tshaj lij craftsmen.
