Rau kev nkag siab yooj yim ntawm qhov sib txawv tam sim no, ib qho txheej txheem ntawm lub cev yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab. Thaum cov kab hluav taws xob tam sim no raug kov, vim li cas ho tsis muaj hluav taws xob poob? Cov lus teb yog pom tseeb: rwb thaiv tsev tiv thaiv tam sim no los ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Tab sis yog tias cov tub ntxhais raug nthuav tawm, sawv ntawm ib qho insulating substrate thiab kov cov hlau? Cov nyhuv yog tib yam - tsis muaj hluav taws xob poob siab. Lub nraub qaum tiv thaiv lub voj voog ntawm luv luv los ntawm lub cev mus rau hauv av.
Lub tswvyim ntawm qhov sib txawv tam sim no
Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej tsis muaj lub cev zoo li qhov sib txawv tam sim no. Lub tswv yim no yog vector kom muaj nuj nqis, qhia raws li qhov sib npaug ntawm cov dej ntws tam sim no hauv Circuit Court, coj hauv RMS tus nqi. Txhawm rau kom muaj qhov sib txawv tam sim no tshwm sim, cov txheej txheem lub cev hu ua leakage tam sim no yuav tsum tshwm sim. Tab sis nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua raws li ib qho xwm txheej: cov khoom siv, qhov twg cov dej xau tau tshwm sim, yuav tsum tau txuas nrog hauv av. Txwv tsis pub, yog hais tias lub cev tsis yog av, ces qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib tug leakage tam sim no tsis ua rau cov tsos ntawm ib tug txawv tam sim no. Thiab qhov seem tam sim no Circuit Court breaker (RCD)yuav tsis ua haujlwm.
Kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab qhov xau tam sim no
Thaum tam sim no xau hauv Circuit Court, nws kis mus rau cov khoom uas muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (hlau rooj rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov kav dej cua sov, thiab lwm yam) los ntawm qhov chaw nyob (hluav taws xob circuits, xov hlau). Thaum lub sij hawm xau no, tsis muaj ntu luv luv. Thiab yog li ntawd, tsis muaj qhov tseeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub voj voog (kev puas tsuaj rau nws).
Vim qhov sib txawv tam sim no, lej qhia, yog qhov sib txawv (hauv cov ntsiab lus vector) ntawm qhov tam sim no ntawm qhov chaw tso zis thiab tam sim no tom qab thauj khoom, nws pom tseeb tias nws yuav luag zoo tib yam rau cov xau tam sim no. Tab sis yog tias qhov kawg tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev ua txhaum cai, piv txwv li, ntawm rwb thaiv tsev, high humidity ntawm ib puag ncig uas nws yuav kis tau, los yog lwm yam, ces qhov txawv tam sim no tshwm sim thaum txuas rau hauv av.
Tawm mus thiab tsis mus ncig ua si
Nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm tam sim no (lossis tam sim no tawg) tau nkag siab zoo li qhov sib txawv tam sim no, qhov ntws ntawm qhov ua rau lub voj voog ntawm VDT nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev xau hauv Circuit Court.
Tam sim no, qhov ntws uas tso cai rau hauv Circuit Court ntawm cov khoom siv tam sim no (RCD) thiab tsis mus, yog hu ua qhov sib txawv uas tsis yog-tripping tam sim no.
Nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog loaded, qhov twg cov khoom siv mem tes ua haujlwm: rectifiers, discrete digital devices for power control - tag nrho cov no yog cov khoom siv hauv tsev niaj hnub, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau. Tab sis xws li tam sim no tsis yog tam sim no, thiabHauv qhov no, hluav taws xob tsis tuaj yeem raug kaw. Yog li ntawd, RCD qhov pib raug xaiv kom tsis txhob teb rau qhov kev khiav hauj lwm keeb kwm yav dhau los, tab sis kom tua cov xau tam sim no tshaj tus nqi no.
RCD lossis tshuab sib txawv
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv Circuit Court los ntawm lub ntiaj teb ua txhaum ntawm cov dej ntws loj, cov hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb tau tsim. Lub circuitry ntawm lub cuab yeej tas li sim ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob rau hluav taws xob xau. Thaum cov txiaj ntsig ntawm vector qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob tau dhau los ua ntau dua li xoom thiab qhov kev xav tau ntawm cov cuab yeej dhau mus, nws yuav tua hluav taws tam sim ntawd. Cov tshuab no tau nruab rau hauv ob theem ib zaug thiab peb-theem kab.
yam ntxwv ntawm qhov sib txawv hloov
Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv sib txawv ntawm ib leeg los ntawm:
- design nta;
- pom hluav taws xob to;
- rhiab teeb tsa;
- kev ua tau zoo.
Nyob ntawm tus qauv tsim, muaj:
- VDT cov khoom siv (siv qhov sib txawv), qhov twg tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov. Lawv teb rau cov dej ntws tawm, tab sis cov fuses yuav tsum tau txuas nrog hauv koob los tiv thaiv lawv cov circuitry.
- RCBO ntaus ntawv, qhov chaw hloov pauv tsis siv neeg tau muab. Cov no yog cov khoom siv thoob ntiaj teb nrog kev ua haujlwm dual - rau kev tiv thaiv luv luv Circuit Court thiab overloads, nrog rau kev tswj kom xau.
- BDT ntaus ntawv nrog qhov ua tau ntawm kev sib txuas tsis siv neeg txhais tes ntawm qhov txuas. Ib qho cuab yeej tsim los rau kev sib koom ua keinstallation nrog ib tug Circuit Court breaker. Nws cov qauv tsim tau ua tiav hauv txoj hauv kev uas nws tso cai rau tib lub sijhawm txuas nrog lub tshuab.
Nyob ntawm daim ntawv ntawm cov dej ntws tawm, cov pab pawg tiv thaiv ntawm kev hloov kho hauv qab no tau tsim:
- AC - cov khoom siv ua haujlwm nrog kev hloov pauv sinusoidal tam sim no. Lawv tsis teb rau qhov sib txawv pulse tam sim no uas tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv, piv txwv li, cov teeb fluorescent, X-ray tshuab, cov khoom siv rau kev ua cov ntaub ntawv qhia, thyristor converters.
- A - cov khoom siv tiv thaiv tiv thaiv ncaj qha pulsating thiab alternating tam sim no. Tsis txhob hnov qab txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov xau ntawm cov hluav taws xob sib txawv. Lawv ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv circuits ntawm hluav taws xob hom rectifiers, theem-pulse conversion regulators. Tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob uas muaj DC tiv thaiv los ntawm kev xau mus rau hauv av.
- B - cov kab ke ua haujlwm nrog qhov sib txawv, tsis tu ncua thiab pulsating to tam sim no.
Hais txog qhov rhiab heev, qhov sib txawv hloov muaj cov hauv qab no:
- Low-sensitivity systems uas tua hluav taws xob thaum kov indirectly.
- Systems nrog siab rhiab heev. Lawv tiv thaiv yog tias muaj kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog tus neeg xyuas pib.
- Fireproof.
Thaum lub sijhawm nws siv rau lub cuab yeej ua haujlwm:
- Instant actions.
- Quick acting.
- Rau qhov davdestination.
- Delayed - xaiv hom.
Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tam sim no ntawm cov khoom xaiv sib txawv tuaj yeem tua tsuas yog ib feem ntawm cov cuab yeej uas tau ua txhaum cai.
Yuav ua li cas qhov seem hluav taws xob tam sim no ua haujlwm
RCD muaj cov tub ntxhais nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub nplhaib thiab ob lub windings. Cov windings no zoo ib yam, uas yog, lawv tau ua nrog ib tug hlau ntawm tib seem thiab tus naj npawb ntawm lem yog tib yam. Tam sim no ntws los ntawm ib tug winding nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub load input, thiab ces rov qab los ntawm lub load mus rau lub thib ob winding. Txij li thaum cov ntsuas tam sim no hla hauv txhua qhov load, cov summed tam sim no ntawm cov tswv yim thiab cov zis, raws li Kirchoff, yuav tsum sib npaug. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov dej ntws tsim ib yam sib nqus fluxes nyob rau hauv windings, qhia nyob rau hauv lub opposite kev taw qhia. Cov dej ntws no tso tseg ib leeg tawm thiab qhov system tseem nyob ruaj khov. Yog tias tsuas yog ib qho hluav taws xob xau tau tshwm sim, ces cov hlau nplaum sib nqus yuav sib txawv, qhov sib txawv tam sim no relay yuav ua haujlwm, uas yuav ua rau qhib kev sib cuag hluav taws xob. Cov kab hluav taws xob yuav raug tshem tawm tag nrho.
Qhov twg muaj feem cuam tshuam cov khoom tiv thaiv tam sim no
Hauv kev tsim kho niaj hnub thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm thaj chaw, nrog rau hauv kev tsim kho dua tshiab, ntau thiab ntau cov cuab yeej siv uas tua hluav taws xob sib txawv. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog los ntawm kev nce hauv kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, nrog rau kev txo qis hauv kev raug mob. RCDs yog siv rau hauv:
- tsev rau pej xeemlub hom phiaj: cov tsev kawm ntawv, cov tuam tsev kab lis kev cai, tsev kho mob, tsev so complexes, chaw ua si;
- hauv ib lub tsev nyob thiab ntau chav tsev: tsev, dachas, dormitories, outbuildings;
- chaw yuav khoom, tshwj xeeb yog hlau;
- tsev tswj hwm;
- kev lag luam.
Kev xaiv rau RCD daim duab sib txuas
Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kev sib txawv tam sim no yog tsim los rau ntau theem sib txawv. Muaj ib-theem, ob-theem thiab peb-theem residual tam sim no Circuit Court breakers.
Yog tias kab yog ib-theem thiab koj yuav tsum txuas RCD thiab ib qho hluav taws xob sib txuas rau nws, ces nws ua rau tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv thawj qhov chaw. Tag nrho cov khoom siv no tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov kev nkag ntawm lub voj voog. Nws tsuas yog yooj yim dua los tso lub tshuab rau ntawm theem ua ntej, thiab qhov sib txawv tam sim no hloov tom qab. Txij li thaum lub load yog txuas nrog rau ob qho tib si RCD hu, es tsis txhob ntawm ib theem, mus rau lub tshuab tsis siv neeg, thiab es tsis txhob xoom, mus rau ib tug tiv thaiv ntaus ntawv.
Yog tias cov kab tseem ceeb tau muab faib ua ob peb kab nrog kev thauj khoom, ces RCD tau teeb tsa ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd txhua kab muaj nws tus kheej lub voj voog. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas qhov ntsuas tam sim no uas RCD tuaj yeem hla tau ntau dua li qhov tam sim no ntawm lub tshuab, txwv tsis pub nws yuav tsis ua haujlwm los tiv thaiv lub cuab yeej nws tus kheej.
Zaj lus
Txhua txoj haujlwm ntawm lub koom haum ntawm cov xaim hluav taws xob thiab kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov kws tshaj lij hluav taws xob! Nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke tsuas yog cov hluav taws xob yooj yim, thiab los ntawm kev sib txuascov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, nruj me ntsis ua raws li cov lus qhia. Feem ntau txhua qhov kev tiv tauj tau sau npe raws li.
