Tib neeg tau kawm tsim cov cellars ntev dhau los - thaum tsis muaj lub tub yees nkaus xwb, tab sis txawm tias hluav taws xob. Ntuj tej yam kev mob conducive mus rau ib tug zoo microclimate, qhov kub thiab txias - tag nrho cov no pab mus rau lub sij hawm ntev khaws cia zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo (ob qho tib si lawv kev nthuav qhia thiab saj). Cov tswv ntawm cov vaj tse nyob hauv nroog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas cog lawv cov zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tsuas yog tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj nws, thiab yog li ntawd leej twg nyob hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug yuav sai lossis tom qab yuav tsum tau xav txog yuav ua li cas tsim lub cellar. Cellars feem ntau yog ua nyob rau hauv lub tsev lossis chaw nres tsheb txawm tias ua ntej kev tsim kho ntawm tus qauv nws tus kheej pib. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav txiav txim siab txog qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tsim chav dej hluav taws xob no rau ntawm lub vaj (suburban) daim phiaj.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj tsim tau lub cellar nrog koj tus kheej tes
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho, raws li qib dej hauv av. Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los ua qhov no yog tho qhov dej tsawg kawg yog ob thiab ib nrab metres tob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub cellar yav tom ntej. Tom qab ntawd, koj yuav tsum ua kom tob tobyeeb nkab thiab xyuas kom meej tias tsis muaj dej tshwm hauv nws. Yog tias tsis muaj dej, koj tuaj yeem mus ua haujlwm. Txwv tsis pub, koj yuav tau nrhiav lwm qhov chaw, zoo dua ntawm qhov nce me ntsis.
Tom qab ntawd lawv pib khawb ib lub qhov. Feem ntau nws pom qhov ntev yog 2.5 meters hauv qhov dav thiab ntev thiab tib yam hauv qhov tob. Lub qhov dej tuaj yeem khawb tau ob qho tib si manually thiab nrog kev pab los ntawm excavator.
Lub hauv qab ntawm lub qhov yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tamped, thiab ces ncuav gravel cushion 30 cm siab, uas 20 cm yog xuab zeb, thiab 10 cm yog gravel. Hlau reinforcement nrog 8 hli tuab rods yog pw rau saum lub hauv ncoo, tom qab ntawd nws yog poured nrog ib txheej ntawm ib tug sib tov ntawm xuab zeb thiab pob zeb nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1: 3.
Yuav ua li cas los tsim ib lub cellar nrog koj tus kheej tes ua raws li tag nrho cov thev naus laus zis? Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los muab cov dej tsis sib haum los tiv thaiv hauv pem teb thiab phab ntsa los ntawm cov dej noo. Rau lub hom phiaj no, txhua yam ntaub ntawv waterproofing yog siv. Cov khoom siv vov tsev feem ntau yog siv, uas tau muab tso rau ntawm cov pob zeb tawv tawv, thiab tom qab ntawd coated nrog tar. Yog tias qhov dav ntawm qhov yob tsawg dua qhov dav ntawm lub cellar, nws yog overlapped, thiab cov npoo tau tsa los ua kom cov khoom siv vov tsev rau phab ntsa.
pob zeb lossis cib tuaj yeem ua cov khoom siv phab ntsa. Thiab yuav ua li cas los tsim ib lub cellar nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes siv txoj kev siv monolithic? Txhawm rau ua qhov no, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau nruab ib lub tawb nqa khoom ua los ntawm cov pas nrig nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 10 mm, thiab tom qab ntawd tsim ib daim ntawv ntawm ob sab ntawm qhov cuab lub zog. Qhov dav ntawm phab ntsa yav tom ntej yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 10 cm. Tom qab ntawd, koj tuaj yeem pib nchuav cov sib tov, uas yuav tsum tau rammed kom tsis txhob tsim.tsis muaj dab tsi. Lub sij hawm ziab ntawm qhov sib tov nyob rau hauv qhuav tshav ntuj yog li kaum hnub. Lub formwork tuaj yeem rhuav tshem tsis pub dhau peb lub lis piam.
Tom qab gluing cov khoom siv vov tsev rau sab nraud ntawm phab ntsa, koj yuav tsum tau muab cov av nplaum ua kom zoo dua qub los tiv thaiv kev ntub dej thiab tamp. Qab nthab tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov pob zeb uas muaj zog los yog nrog ntoo. Qhov kev xaiv tom kawg yog yooj yim dua ob qho tib si technically thiab nyiaj txiag.
Tam sim no nws tseem nyob rau nruab ib lub ru tsev (ib leeg-tso lossis ob-ntev) nrog lub qhov thiab ua tus ntaiv. Lub ru tsev yuav tsum tau insulated. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog turf lossis hluavtaws rwb thaiv tsev (natural khoom tseem nyiam). Los ntawm saum toj no nws yuav tsum tau them nrog slate.
Thiab yuav ua li cas thiaj tsim tau lub cellar nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes kom cov khoom khaws cia rau hauv nws ntev thiab dampness tsis tsim? Lawm, qhov no yuav tsum tau qhov cua. Rau lub hom phiaj no, koj tuaj yeem siv cov yeeb nkab uas muaj txoj kab uas hla ntawm 10 cm. Cov ntug hauv qab ntawm ib lub yeeb nkab yog ua nyob rau ntawm qhov deb ntawm 20 cm ntawm lub qab nthab, thiab lwm yam - 20 cm hauv qab hauv pem teb. Los ntawm sab nraud ntawm lub cellar, lawv yuav tsum nce li 30 cm siab tshaj lub ru tsev.
Cellar maintenance
Kev paub tsim ib lub cellar (hauv tsev lossis hauv vaj) tsis tau lees tias cov zaub mov hauv nws yuav khaws cia ntev txaus. Lub cellar yuav tsum tau ntxuav, ventilated thiab tua kab mob txhua xyoo. los ntawm feem ntauIb txoj hauv kev yooj yim los ntxuav lub cellar yog ntxuav nws nrog txiv qaub mortar, npaj ntawm tus nqi ntawm: 1 thoob dej rau 5-6 thoob dej nrog ntxiv ntawm tooj liab sulphate (1 kg ntawm vitriol rau 1 thoob dej). Txhua txoj haujlwm tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum ua kom tiav tsawg kawg ib hlis ua ntej sau qoob loo tom ntej.
