Tus sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg Clove. Carnation tsev neeg: yam ntxwv thiab piav qhia

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Tus sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg Clove. Carnation tsev neeg: yam ntxwv thiab piav qhia
Tus sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg Clove. Carnation tsev neeg: yam ntxwv thiab piav qhia

Video: Tus sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg Clove. Carnation tsev neeg: yam ntxwv thiab piav qhia

Video: Tus sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg Clove. Carnation tsev neeg: yam ntxwv thiab piav qhia
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Cov Neeg Sawv Cev ntawm Tsev Neeg Clove (Caryophyllaceae) muaj nyob hauv txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Xws li cov nroj tsuag loj hlob, suav nrog hauv thaj chaw ntawm peb lub tebchaws. Hauv hav zoov thiab steppes ntawm Russia, koj tuaj yeem pom hav zoov doze, dioecious smoky, cuckoo xim, thiab lwm yam. Tau kawg, Carnations yog tsev neeg uas nws cov neeg sawv cev feem ntau loj hlob nyob rau hauv suburban cheeb tsam. Lawv siv nyob rau hauv lub vaj thiab orchards feem ntau yog ornamental nroj tsuag.

yam ntxwv dav dav

Qhov txawv ntawm txhua tus tswv cuab ntawm Clove tsev neeg yog:

  • paired yooj yooj yim opposite nplooj;
  • bisexual paj nrog calyx thiab corolla;
  • qhuav, lub thawv-zoo li txiv hmab txiv ntoo-coenocarp;
  • me me, du, knobby noob.

Carnations - tsev neeg uas suav nrog 86 genera thiab txog 2000 hom.

clove tsev neeg
clove tsev neeg

Kev faib tawm

Cov nroj tsuag no loj hlob tsis sib xws nyob thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb. Feem ntau ntawm lawvpom nyob rau sab hnub tuaj thiab Central Asia, thiab nyob rau hauv lub Mediterranean lub teb chaws. Ntau hom carnation tuaj yeem pom hauv hav zoov thiab steppes, suab puam thiab hauv tundra. Ib hom ntawm tsev neeg no - lub hnub qub creeping - txawm pom nyob rau hauv toj siab (6000 m).

Paj qauv

Clove tsev neeg, lossis zoo dua, nws cov neeg sawv cev, yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov tseeb tias lawv cov corollas muaj tsib lossis plaub lub paj. Feem ntau muaj 8-10 stamens nyob rau hauv txhua tus ntawm lawv. Lawv tau teem rau hauv ob lub voj voog ntawm 4-5 daim. Lub zes qe menyuam ntawm paj yog superior nrog ntau ovules hauv txhua lub zes. Feem ntau, cov paj ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg Carnation yog protandrous. Qhov ntawd yog, paj ntoos nyob rau hauv lawv nchuav tawm ua ntej stigmas ntawm pistils ripen.

Nectar hauv paj feem ntau muaj ntau. Lawv tau pollinated los ntawm muv, butterflies, thiab lwm yam. Feem ntau, cov paj ntawm carnation tsev neeg muaj ib tug sprawling, thiab yog li ntawd tsis tshwj xeeb rau pollination los ntawm tej yam kab.

Kev faib tawm

Txhua cov carnations raws li F. Pax system feem ntau muab faib ua peb pawg loj:

  • paronychia;
  • tarball;
  • Alsine.

Lawv tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm qhov tsis muaj lossis muaj cov stipules lossis cov qauv ntawm lub paj.

tshuaj ntsuab ntawm tsev neeg clove
tshuaj ntsuab ntawm tsev neeg clove

Carnation tsev neeg: qhov tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam hauv tebchaws

Clove siv tau:

  • as ornamental nroj tsuag;
  • in official and folk tshuaj;
  • inraws li xab npum hloov;
  • zoo li tsiaj txhu noj.

Clove - tsev neeg uas suav nrog, ntawm lwm yam, cov nroj tsuag uas yuav tsum tau tawm tsam thaum loj hlob ntau yam kev ua liaj ua teb thiab cog qoob loo. Tseem muaj ntau yam tshuaj lom ntawm Caryophyllaceae nyob rau hauv qus.

Carnation tsev neeg: cov neeg sawv cev nrog tus nqi zoo nkauj

Ntau yam ntawm tsev neeg Caryophyllaceae tau loj hlob hauv lub vaj rau qee lub sijhawm. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws zoo nkauj carnations suav nrog, piv txwv li, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Mylnyanka thiab Smolevka genera. Feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws koj tuaj yeem pom cov gerbils zoo nkauj thiab minuartia.

Saponaria: piav qhia dav

Lub ntsiab qhov txawv ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov genus no yog lawv cov kev tsis txaus ntseeg thiab cov khoom zoo nkauj zoo nkauj. Feem ntau ntawm soapworts, txij li cov nroj tsuag no compact, yog zus nyob rau hauv alpine toj. Lub genus Saponaria muaj ntau dua 30 hom sib txawv.

herbaceous nroj tsuag ntawm tsev neeg clove
herbaceous nroj tsuag ntawm tsev neeg clove

Soapwort officinalis txog thaum tsis ntev los no tuaj yeem pom hauv yuav luag txhua lub vaj thiab vaj txiv ntoo. Niaj hnub no, cov nroj tsuag no ntawm tsev neeg Clove tau poob nws qhov chaw. Nws yog txhua yam hais txog nws muaj peev xwm ua rau cov hauv paus hniav. Kab lis kev cai zoo nkauj (thiab tshuaj ntsuab) no loj hlob sai sai, thiab yog li ntawd, sai heev hloov mus rau hauv cov nroj tsuag.

Tus neeg sawv cev nrov tshaj plaws ntawm cov genus niaj hnub no yog lwm cov tshuaj soapwort -yooj yim. Nyob rau hauv cov qus, cov nroj tsuag no loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub roob ntawm Western Europe. Cov tua ntawm soapwort basilica daim ntawv chaw nyob, thiab cov xim ntawm paj yog ci liab. Kev saib xyuas cov nroj tsuag no, zoo li txhua tus tswv cuab ntawm genus, yog qhov yooj yim heev. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb, basil-leaved soapwort yuav tsum tau txiav rov qab mus rau ib feem peb ntawm nws qhov siab tom qab rov tawg paj (thaum kawg ntawm lub caij ntuj sov).

Ntau zaus hauv lub vaj thiab cov vaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Lavxias lub caij ntuj sov koj tuaj yeem pom cov soddy soapwort. Cov hom no yog nyob rau ntawm Pyrenees. Cov paj ntawm no compact (5-6 cm) cov nroj tsuag muaj xim liab zoo nkauj heev.

Txhua cov tshuaj soapworts saum toj no tuaj yeem loj hlob hauv ib qho chaw tau ntau xyoo. Cov nroj tsuag no tsis xav tau kev npaj av tshwj xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, ib qho chaw rau lawv yuav tsum tau xaiv hnub ci, siab. Nws yog qhov zoo heev los npaj cov dej hauv lub paj txaj ib yam nkaus.

Smolevki (Silene): cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb

Qhov no kuj yog ib hom neeg nyiam ntawm carnations ntawm cov tswv ntawm lub caij ntuj sov tsev, nrog ntau tshaj 400 hom. Smolevki feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv me me paj txaj thiab ntawm pob zeb toj. Cov neeg sawv cev tshaj plaws ntawm cov genus no yog Smolevka Primorskaya. Qhov no tsis tshua muaj nroj tsuag (txog 25 cm) tsim ib tug heev nthuav thiab zoo nkauj grey-xiav "lub tog hauv ncoo" ntawm lub paj txaj los yog toj. Smolevka Primorskaya blooms yuav luag txhua lub caij ntuj sov. Txog tam sim no, ntau ntau yam thiab cov ntawv tau raug bred. Rau koj lub vaj, koj tuaj yeem xaiv ntau yam nrog paj dawb lossis paj yeeb.

Alpine Smolevka - kuj nrov heevTus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov genus - cov ntaub ntawv xoob "hauv ncoo" siab txog 20 cm. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee zaum cov neeg ua liaj ua teb loj hlob tsis muaj zog, Argive thiab Kantzin daim ntawv hauv lawv cov cheeb tsam suburban.

Kev piav qhia ntawm clove Lychnis (Lychnis)

Cov genus no kuj txawv ntawm qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj. Nws suav nrog 35 hom, tab sis nws cov neeg sawv cev nrov tshaj plaws yog Arkwright Lychnis thiab crowned. Thawj daim ntawv cog lus cog cog 35-40 cm siab thiab txaus siab rau cov neeg ua teb nrog cov paj zoo nkauj txiv kab ntxwv-liab paj, txoj kab uas hla tuaj yeem ncav cuag 3 cm.

Lychnis coronata yog tsob nroj herbaceous ntawm tsev neeg clove, muaj peev xwm loj hlob txawm nyob rau hauv infertile av. Nyob rau hauv qhov siab, nws muaj peev xwm ncav cuag 45-90 cm. Cov xim ntawm paj nyob rau hauv no sawv cev ntawm genus Lychnis yog dawb los yog liab.

Gerbils (Arenaria) thiab Minuartia (Minuartia)

Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov genera no zoo sib xws. Raws li qhov uas lawv feem ntau txawm tsis meej pem nrog ib leeg. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws gerbil yog roob gerbil. Cov nroj tsuag no tuaj yeem ncav cuag 10 cm hauv qhov siab thiab loj hlob mus txog 50 cm hauv qhov dav. Cov paj ntawm roob gerbil yog dawb, loj.

clove tsev neeg
clove tsev neeg

Qhov feem ntau minuartia yog juniper nplooj. Cov nroj tsuag zoo nkauj no ncav cuag qhov siab ntawm tsuas yog 15 cm thiab zoo nkaus li zoo nyob rau hauv ib qho kev cog qoob loo thiab ua ke nrog lwm cov qoob loo ornamental, piv txwv li, alpine cloves lossis ferns. Inflorescences ntawm minuartiajuniper nplooj yog racemose, thiab nplooj yog taw.

tshuaj ntau yam

Clove - ib tsev neeg, ntau tus neeg sawv cev tuaj yeem siv tau, suav nrog hauv tshuaj pej xeem thiab nom tswv. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov no yog cov nroj tsuag xws li:

  • Pum.
  • Gryzhnik smooth.
  • Tus sawv cev ntawm Kachim xeem.

Cov nroj tsuag no tuaj yeem siv los kho ntau yam kab mob vim muaj cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm lub cev muaj zog hauv lawv cov ntaub so ntswg: alkaloids, flavonoids, vitamins, saponins, cov roj tseem ceeb thiab cov organic acids.

Thornwort (Acanthophyllum): piav qhia

Tsev neeg Clove yog qhov txawv ntawm nws qhov kev hloov pauv mus rau ntau yam ntawm ib puag ncig. Nws cov neeg sawv cev tuaj yeem loj hlob, suav nrog hauv toj roob hauv pes. Nws nyob ntawm qhov chaw siab uas koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tshuaj prickly. Ib tug txawv feature ntawm cov nroj tsuag no yog tsis muaj qia. Cov nplooj ntawm Acanthophyllum yog notched, prickly ntawm ob sab, sau nyob rau hauv ib tug rosette (40-50 cm inch). Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub tom kawg muaj ib tug inflorescence-lub tawb, nyob rau hauv qab ntawm cov tubular paj yog txuas.

Rau lub hom phiaj tshuaj, tsuas yog cov hauv paus hniav ntawm prickly-nplooj tsuas yog siv xwb. Lawv, ntawm lwm yam, muaj cov roj yam tseem ceeb, tannins, insulin, resinous tshuaj. Ib qho tincture ntawm pos tuaj yeem kho tau los kho helminthiasis (hauv cov tsiaj), tshem tawm chiri, ua cov tshuaj diuretic thiab tiv thaiv kab mob.

Gryzhnik du: hom nroj tsuag twg?

Ntawm no yog lub hauv pausLub perennial kuj suav nrog hauv tsev neeg Carnation. Koj tuaj yeem pom nws daim duab hauv qab no. Nws cov creeping stems yog tag nrho them nrog me me oval nplooj, nyob rau hauv lub axils ntawm uas me me paj tau sau nyob rau hauv cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv qus, tus hernia du loj hlob nyob rau hauv pastures, rocky wastelands thiab raws txoj kev.

Siv tau infusions thiab decoctions ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab no tuaj yeem ua rau hnoos, jaundice, kab mob ntawm lub zais zis thiab ob lub raum. Lawv kuj siv tau rau hauv da dej kom kho qhov txhab tsis zoo.

clove tsev neeg
clove tsev neeg

Rod Kachim

Lwm lub npe rau cov genus no yog gypsophila. Cov no yog cov nroj tsuag ntau heev ntawm tsev neeg clove. Tam sim no, txog 150 hom ntawm cov genus no paub. Tab sis tau kawg, tsis yog txhua tus ntawm lawv yog tshuaj. Feem ntau, txhawm rau kho ntau yam kab mob, panicled kachim yog siv. Nws yog perennial herbaceous nroj tsuag nrog ib tug ntev rhizome thiab ib tug branched spherical qia. Nyob rau hauv cov qus, kachim paniculata hlob nyob rau hauv Western Siberia, Central Asia thiab European ib feem ntawm Russia. Nws cov khoom ntsuab tuaj yeem siv los ua tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, laxative, lossis emetic. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj ntsuab no feem ntau siv rau qhov mob hauv daim siab.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws

Ntxiv qhov nyuaj thaum loj hlob ntau yam kev ua liaj ua teb thiab horticultural qoob loo tuaj yeem ua tau ntau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg clove. Tab sis cov nroj tsuag phem tshaj plaws yog qhov nruab nrab stellate, los yog ntoo ntshauv. Lub neej voj voog ntawm cov nroj tsuag no tsuas yog 40 hnub xwb. Thiab yog li ntawd rau lub caij nwstuaj yeem muab tau txog 3 tiam. Qhov qis ntawm stems ntawm woodlice, nrog rau nws lub caij nplooj zeeg tua, yooj yim overwinter thiab sprout nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav tam sim ntawd tom qab daus melts. Tom qab tawg paj, txhua tsob ntoo tuaj yeem tsim tau txog li 25 txhiab lub noob, tib lub sijhawm, lawv khaws cov qoob loo mus txog 8 xyoo.

Nroog nto moo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv pawg no yog kab laug sab. Cov nroj tsuag no muaj ib tug ntev taproot. Nws qia yog siab heev (txog 1 m), knotty, me ntsis ceg. Cov nplooj ntawm cockle yog nqaim thiab ntse, thiab cov paj yog ib leeg liab doog-liab. Cov zaub ntsuab ntawm cov nroj tsuag no tsis muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj noj qab haus huv. Tsuas yog cov noob qaib qus xwb thiaj muaj tshuaj lom.

yam ntxwv ntawm tsev neeg clove
yam ntxwv ntawm tsev neeg clove

Nyob hauv cov tiaj nyom nyom thiab steppes loj hlob ntau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cloves. Yuav luag tag nrho lawv tuaj yeem noj los ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws li fodder nroj tsuag yog txawm li cas los xij carnation nyom thiab waterweed. Thawj yog perennial herbaceous nroj tsuag mus txog 45 cm siab nrog opposite ntev nplooj. Cov stems ntawm no ntau yam tuaj yeem yog ob hom. Tsis-flowering densely leafy. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv tsis loj hlob ntev. Paj-cov kabmob yog siab heev thiab branched nyob rau sab sauv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib rab rawg. Carnation nyom propagates los ntawm noob. Nws feem ntau loj hlob ntawm cov pob zeb khib nyiab, hauv cov nyom nyom, hauv cov nyom thiab cov teb.

Dej softwort - ib qho khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm tsev neeg clove - sawv cevNws yog perennial, qhov siab uas tuaj yeem yog 20-70 cm. Cov nplooj ntawm cov plaub hau mos yog ovate, thiab inflorescences yog semi-umbrella. Nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso, cov nroj tsuag no muaj nyob rau hauv European ib feem ntawm Russia, lub Caucasus, Central Asia, Far East, Siberia.

paj ntawm tsev neeg clove
paj ntawm tsev neeg clove

Cov yam ntxwv saum toj no ntawm tsev neeg Clove tso cai rau peb txiav txim siab tias nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev lag luam hauv tebchaws. Tau kawg, pab pawg no kuj suav nrog cov nroj tsuag, thiab txawm tias cov nroj tsuag lom. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau lub cloves tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li cov nroj tsuag ornamental uas tuaj yeem ua qhov kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov vaj, vaj thiab hauv nroog txoj kev, thiab ua cov nroj tsuag tshuaj thiab zaub mov.

Pom zoo: