Nthuav pob zeb tau siv dav hauv kev tsim kho vim kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov qauv tsim los ntawm nws. Cov qauv tsim thiab cov qauv tsim tuaj yeem sawv ntsug rau ntau xyoo yam tsis tau poob lub cev thiab cov yam ntxwv zoo nkauj. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov cement mortar thiab cov av nplaum nthuav dav belongs rau pawg teeb ntawm cov pob zeb. Qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav muaj cov ntxhib nthuav dav av nplaum sib xyaw, cov xuab zeb zoo sib xyaw thiab cov cement ua cov khoom sib khi. Ntxiv nrog rau cov cement, lub tsev gypsum tuaj yeem siv rau kev sib txuas. Cia peb xav txog qhov nthuav dav dab tsi claydite pob zeb yog, cov proportions rau kev sib xyaw ntawm ntau qhov ntom ntom, qhov dav thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev.
Khoom thiab yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom
Visually claydite pob zeb muaj cov qauv ntxeem tau, qhov pore loj nyob ntawm qhov kev tua hluav taws ntawm lub ntsiab sib sau. Muaj peb theem ntawm pob zeb porosity: coarse-porous, ntxeem tau thiab ntom. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov qauv thiab cov tsev muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev los ntawm qhov sib xws ntawm cov qauv pob zeb.
Lub zog ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav tau txiav txim siabqhov kev faib ua feem ntawm nthuav av nplaum gravel ntawm nplua thiab ntxhib feem. Kev siv cov av nplaum nthuav dav ua cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev yuav tsum muaj kev txhawb nqa ntxiv, txhawm rau ua kom lub zog ntawm cov qauv, kev teeb tsa ntawm cov pob zeb ua ke yog nrog los ntawm kev txhawb nqa fasteners. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem kub-insulating nyob rau hauv ntau txheej txheej.
Lub zog thiab lub cev yam ntxwv ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav nyob ntawm qhov piv ntawm cov khoom. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias proportions ntawm nthuav av nplaum pob zeb rau hauv pem teb thiab cov proportions ntawm qhov sib tov rau kev tsim cov tsev blocks yog txawv.
Expanded qhob: proportions thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshuaj
Cov pob zeb ua pob zeb tau siv los ua cov plag tsev hauv kev tsim vaj tsev tau ntev, niaj hnub no cov cuab yeej siv no tsis cuam tshuam. Reinforced qhob pem teb muaj ib tug tseem ceeb drawback - tsawg thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Cov khoom siv uas tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov hnyav thiab tib lub sijhawm muab cov kev mob zoo rau kev nyob hauv tsev yog nthuav av nplaum pob zeb, uas yog siv rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm screed.
Thaum tso cov screed, koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau hom nto, uas nws muaj pes tsawg leeg nyob ntawm. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws proportions ntawm nthuav av nplaum pob zeb rau screed: ib qhov siab ntawm 30 hli ib 1 m2 yuav tsum tau 40 kg ntawm xuab zeb qhob M300 thiab 35 kg ntawm nthuav av nplaum gravel.
nthuav pob zeb: proportions rau screed nyob ntawm seb tus nqi ntawm qhov ntom ntawm 1m3
| Tus nqi nrawm | Ncua av nplaum,bulk ntom | Cement | Sand | |||
| kg/m3 | kg | m3 | kg | kg | l | |
| 1000 | 700 | 720 | - | 250 | - | 140 |
| 1500 | 700 | - | 0, 8 | 430 | 420 | - |
| 1600 | 700 | - | 0, 72 | 400 | 640 | - |
| 1600 | 600 | - | 0, 68 | 430 | 680 | - |
| 1700 | 700 | - | 0, 62 | 380 | 830 | - |
| 1700 | 600 | - | 0, 56 | 410 | 880 | - |
Txhawm rau npaj cov pob zeb sib xyaw, cov av nplaum nthuav dav tau ntim rau hauv lub thawv tsim nyog, tom qab ntawd nws tau nchuav nrog dej (me me). Tom qab dissolution ntawm cov porous qauv ntawm granules, binders yog loaded rau hauv lub thawv - cement thiab xuab zeb ua vaj tse. Txhua yam yog tov nrog ib tug tov khoom rau ib tug tuab sib xws. Kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj raug tso tseg tom qab cov av nplaum nthuav dav tau txais cov xim ntawm cov cement.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm nthuav av nplaum pob zeb screed
Feem ntau, nthuav av nplaum pob zeb screed yog siv thaum nws tsim nyog los nce qib hauv pem teb hauv chav. Qhov saum npoo tsim muaj lub zog siab, tiv taus cov dej noo, tsis tso cai rau huab cua hla. Qhov zoo ntawm screedclaydite pob zeb:
- tus nqi ntawm nws nyob ntawm thaj chaw thiab thickness ntawm txheej;
- pheej yig mounting thev naus laus zis thiab lub neej ua haujlwm ntev;
- muaj peev xwm kho lub dav hlau, tshem tawm cov tee thiab qhov tsis sib xws;
- kev sib raug zoo nrog txhua yam hauv pem teb;
- siab ya raws thiab hluav taws kub, suab rwb thaiv tsev;
- biological thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv;
- hauv cov txheej txheem xws li kev npaj cov av nplaum nthuav dav, kev faib ua feem tswj qhov ntom ntom;
- ib puag ncig phooj ywg.
Screed ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav muaj qhov tsis zoo:
- ntev yog nrog los ntawm kev nce qib hauv pem teb;
- xav tau xuab zeb tom qab ziab.
Muaj Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tsim Kho Tshuab
Thaum tsim ib lub tsev me me los yog tsim tawm hauv lub teb chaws lub tsev lossis vaj tsev, cov tswv feem ntau nyiam cov tsev thaiv ua los ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav. Lawv kuj tau siv rau kev tsim vaj tsev ua nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tsis tshua muaj av bearing peev xwm. Yog vim li cas rau kev xaiv yog nyob rau hauv kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov cuab yeej siv rau kev tsim cov blocks. Lawv tuaj yeem ua rau nws tus kheej ntawm tus kheej cov phiaj xwm yam tsis tas siv cov cuab yeej thev naus laus zis.
Tsim cov blocks los ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav
Cov pob zeb nthuav dav yog ob hom: hollow thiab khoom. Txawm hais tias cov duab ntawm cov blocks, lub hauv paus yog nthuav av nplaumpob zeb. Blocks, cov duab uas tsis muaj voids, yog siv rau nteg lub hauv paus thiab tig rau sab nrauv phab ntsa. Hollow blocks tau dav siv los ua lub suab tsis zoo thiab cov rwb thaiv tsev kub txheej txheej ntawm cov phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm lub tsev.
Vim yog siv cov khoom ntxeem tau, cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub hauv paus thiab phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev tau nce. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv cov av nplaum nthuav dav hauv kev tsim kho yog txiav txim siab los ntawm tus nqi-zoo ntawm cov qauv tsim. Vim yog qhov porosity ntawm cov qauv, txo tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv ua tiav.
nthuav pob zeb: qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib tov rau molding blocks
Cov pob zeb nthuav dav muaj cov av nplaum nthuav dav, xis mas, xuab zeb zoo thiab lwm yam khoom ntxiv. Hauv lwm lo lus, qhov sib tov muaj cov binders thiab nthuav av nplaum. Raws li cov khoom siv ntxiv uas ua rau lub cev muaj zog ntawm lub tsev thaiv, saponified ntoo resin (SDO) tuaj yeem siv los ua kom tsis txhob muaj qhov kub thiab txias. Txhawm rau nce qib ntawm kev sib khi, kev siv lingnosulfonate (LSTP) hmoov ntxiv.
Kev npaj mortar
Lub hauv paus khi ntawm qhov sib tov rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem yog slag cement (ShPC) lossis M400 cement (Portland cement). Nws yuav tsum tau borne nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias lub hom ntawm cov cement yuav tsis tsawg tshaj li M400. Tom ntej no, nthuav av nplaum thiab xuab zeb zoo ntxiv.
Peb ua cov av nplaum nthuav dav nrog peb tus kheej tes, qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib xyaw: 1 (cement), 8 (ntev av nplaum gravel) thiab 3 (xuab zeb). Qhov kev sib xyaw no yuav muab cov yam ntxwv zoo rau yav tom ntejkhoom siv tsev. Txhawm rau ua kom cov av nplaum nthuav dav, qhov proportions ib 1 m3 yuav tsum yog raws li hauv qab no: 230-250 liv dej. Txhawm rau muab plasticity rau pob zeb, koj tuaj yeem siv txoj kev pej xeem: nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib xyaw cov khoom, ntxiv ib teaspoon ntawm cov hmoov ntxhua.
Kev sib xyaw ntawm tag nrho cov khoom yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sib tov ua ke, qhov kev ua raws li hauv qab no: bulk Cheebtsam yog loaded thiab tov rau hauv lub nruas, ces maj mam ntxiv dej kom txog thaum ib homogeneous loj tau txais, zoo li plasticine. nyob rau hauv sib xws.
thaiv kev tsim thiab ua tiav
Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw rau kev tsim cov blocks, ib lub pallet yog ntsia rau ntawm qhov formwork muab tso rau. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm ziab cov blocks, ncaj qha kev sib cuag nrog noo noo thiab ncaj qha tshav ntuj yog tsis tsim nyog; rau lub hom phiaj no, ib tug canopy yog ntsia. Ua ntej tso lub mortar, lub puab phab ntsa ntawm cov pwm yog abundantly coated nrog tshuab roj, thiab lub hauv paus yog sprinkled nrog xuab zeb. Muaj cov qauv loj ntawm cov blocks ua los ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav: 190 × 190 × 140, thiab 390 × 190 × 140 mm. Tus qauv qhov ntev yuav tsum tau ua raws li, tab sis rau kev tsim kho me me hauv lub tebchaws, qhov ntev tuaj yeem hloov pauv ntawm koj qhov kev txiav txim siab.
Tom qab ua tiav tag nrho cov kauj ruam npaj, cov pwm tau ntim nrog cov tshuaj. Qhov sib tov yog compacted kom tshem tawm cov voids kom txog thaum laitance tshwm. Qhov chaw ntawm cov blocks yog leveled nrog ib tug trowel. Cov ntaub ntawv raug muab tshem tawm tom qab ib hnub txij li lub sijhawm tso cov mortar, thaum cov blocks lawv tus kheej tsis txav mus txog thaum lawv tau ua tiav tag nrho.
Lub sijhawm ziab yuav kav ntev txog 25-28hnub nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej huab cua. Cov txheej txheem ziab yuav tsum tsis txhob ua kom muaj zog thiab ua rau lub sijhawm luv luv, kev poob sai sai tuaj yeem ua rau tawg thiab poob ntawm lub zog ntawm cov blocks.
Tshuaj hauv tsev claydite qhob blocks, raws li tag nrho cov kev cai saum toj no, tsis yog qis dua rau cov blocks uas tsim nyob rau hauv thaj chaw muaj txheej txheem.
