Frost resistance thiab dej tsis kam ntawm pob zeb. Qhob qib rau Frost tsis kam thiab dej tsis kam. Additives nyob rau hauv pob zeb rau waterproofing

Cov txheej txheem:

Frost resistance thiab dej tsis kam ntawm pob zeb. Qhob qib rau Frost tsis kam thiab dej tsis kam. Additives nyob rau hauv pob zeb rau waterproofing
Frost resistance thiab dej tsis kam ntawm pob zeb. Qhob qib rau Frost tsis kam thiab dej tsis kam. Additives nyob rau hauv pob zeb rau waterproofing

Video: Frost resistance thiab dej tsis kam ntawm pob zeb. Qhob qib rau Frost tsis kam thiab dej tsis kam. Additives nyob rau hauv pob zeb rau waterproofing

Video: Frost resistance thiab dej tsis kam ntawm pob zeb. Qhob qib rau Frost tsis kam thiab dej tsis kam. Additives nyob rau hauv pob zeb rau waterproofing
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Txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev niaj hnub, pob zeb tseem ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov kev xaiv sib tw, vim nws muaj cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb xws li lub zog, kev ntseeg tau thiab kav ntev. Nws yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm mortars rau lub hauv paus, phab ntsa masonry, plastering thiab lwm yam kev tsim kho.

dej tsis kam ntawm qhob
dej tsis kam ntawm qhob

Cov dej tsis kam ntawm cov pob zeb, nrog rau nws lub peev xwm tiv taus huab cua hnyav, yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub neej ntev ntawm cov khoom tiav. Nws yog cov txheej txheem no uas yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum xaiv hom khoom siv hauv tsev.

Qhob, Frost tsis kam thiab dej tsis kam ntawm cov qib siab, yog qhov lav zoo thiab ua haujlwm zoo ntawm txhua tus qauv. Nyob rau hauv cov khoom noyog hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom ua vaj tse los tiv thaiv qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov phenomena xws li ya raws, dej thiab khov kub.

Tam sim no, muaj ntau hom kev ua vaj tse nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm Frost tsis kam thiab dej tsis kam, sib txawv ntawm qhov zoo, tus nqi thiab lub peev xwm thev naus laus zis. Qhov kev faib tawm no pab xaiv cov khoom siv zoo rau kev tsim cov qauv tsim rau kev ua haujlwm hauv qee yam xwm txheej.

qib dej tiv thaiv qib

qhob admixtures rau waterproofing
qhob admixtures rau waterproofing

Nyob ntawm qhov ntsuas dej tsis kam, pob zeb tau muab faib ua kaum qib (GOST 26633). Lawv raug xaiv los ntawm tsab ntawv Latin W nrog tus lej tshwj xeeb uas qhia txog qhov dej siab tshaj plaws uas 15 cm siab cylindrical qhob kuaj qauv tuaj yeem tiv taus thaum kuaj tshwj xeeb.

Kev txiav txim siab ntawm dej tsis kam ntawm cov pob zeb yog ua los ntawm kev qhia ncaj qha thiab tsis ncaj ntawm nws cov kev cuam tshuam nrog dej. Direct indicators yog cov hom ntawm cov pob zeb thiab nws cov filtration coefficient, thiab indirect indicators, As qhov piv ntawm dej-cement ratio thiab dej nqus los ntawm qhov hnyav.

Hauv kev siv ntiag tug thiab kev lag luam, txhawm rau txhawm rau paub cov dej tsis kam ntawm cov pob zeb, lawv tau xyuam xim rau nws cov hom, thiab cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qib pob zeb hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm dej tsis kam

Thaum xaiv hom pob zeb xav tau los ua ib homKev tsim kho kev ua haujlwm raug coj los ntawm cov lej digital tom qab tsab ntawv W, qhia txog qib ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom siv nrog dej thiab dej. Yog li, piv txwv li, qhov qis tshaj dej tsis kam ntawm cov pob zeb thiab, yog li ntawd, qhov tsis zoo ntawm W2 hom. Cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub hauv paus no tsis pom zoo siv rau hauv ib puag ncig txawm tias muaj cov av noo me ntsis.

Ib txwm qib dej permeability rau qib pob zeb W4. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg no muaj peev xwm nqus tau cov dej ib txwm muaj, yog li nws siv tau tsuas yog muab cov dej tsis zoo xwb. Txoj haujlwm tom ntej hauv qhov ntsuas zoo yog qib W6, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev txo qis. dej permeability. Cov pob zeb no belongs rau cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom nruab nrab thiab cov nqi qis, uas yog vim li cas rau qhov nrov ntawm nws siv hauv kev tsim kho.

W8 qib pob zeb muaj qhov permeability tsawg, vim nws nqus dej noo ntawm tsuas yog li 4.2% ntawm nws qhov loj. Nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo dua thiab kim dua li W6 hom.

Ua raws li cov qib pob zeb nrog cov ntsuas 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 thiab 20. Qhov ntau dua, cov dej permeability ntawm cov khoom qis dua. Raws li qhov kev faib tawm no, W20 pob zeb yog cov dej-resistant tshaj plaws, tab sis nws tsis siv ntau vim nws tus nqi siab heev.

siv tswv yim ntawm qee qib ntawm pob zeb rau dej tsis kam

pob zeb qib rau dej tsis kam
pob zeb qib rau dej tsis kam

Qhov ntau yam ntawm cov pob zeb yuav tsum raug xaiv nyob ntawm kev ua haujlwmkhoom. Piv txwv li, lub hom W8 yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev nchuav lub hauv paus, muab cov dej tsis muaj dej ntxiv. Phab ntsa plastering yog nqa tawm nrog cov qib pob zeb W8-W14. Txawm li cas los xij, rau kev npaj cov chav dej kom txaus thiab txias, cov dej tsis kam ntawm cov pob zeb yuav tsum siab tshaj plaws, yog li nws raug nquahu kom siv cov mortars zoo tshaj plaws, thiab kev kho ntxiv ntawm cov phab ntsa nrog cov primers tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau.

Rau qhov ua tau zoo thiab ruaj khov rau sab nrauv phab ntsa kho kom zoo nkauj, nchuav cov chaw tom qab thiab txoj hauv kev, cov pob zeb uas muaj dej siab tshaj plaws yuav tsum tau siv, vim cov cheeb tsam no yuav raug cuam tshuam rau qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov huab cua sab nraud.

DIY qhob additives rau waterproofing

Qhov yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke zoo hauv kev tsim cov khoom lossis lawv cov ntsiab lus yog qhov pom tseeb, tab sis qhov no yuav tsum tau nqis peev nyiaj txiag tseem ceeb vim yog cov nqi siab ntawm cov khoom siv. Tab sis yuav ua li cas yog tias cov peev nyiaj tsim kho raug txwv, thiab kev ua txhaum ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis tsis tuaj yeem lees txais? Cov lus teb yog qhov yooj yim: koj tuaj yeem siv qhov kev xaiv tsis sib haum, uas yog txhawm rau ua kom cov dej tsis kam ntawm cov pob zeb koj tus kheej.

Hnub no, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov pob zeb sib xyaw rau hauv dej, tab sis ob ntawm lawv tau txais kev nyiam tshaj plaws: los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov pob zeb tawg thiab cuam tshuam ib ntus ntawm cov pob zeb sib xyaw.

Kev tshem tawm cov txheej txheem ua kom pob zeb tawg

Qhob ntawm cov qib qis thiab nruab nrabyog cov khoom ntxeem tau yooj yim nqus dej. Cov cuab yeej tsis zoo no yog txhim kho nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm shrinkage ntawm cov tshuaj thaum lub sij hawm solidification. Yog li, nws muaj peev xwm los txhim kho qhov zoo thiab dej tsis kam ntawm cov pob zeb sib xyaw los ntawm kev txo nws cov shrinkage.

Ib qho kev sib koom ua ke yuav pab kom ua tiav qhov xav tau:

  1. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum siv cov khoom tshwj xeeb hauv cov pob zeb ua kom tsis muaj dej. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lawv qhov kev txiav txim yog tias thaum cov kev daws teeb meem, lawv tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv uas tiv thaiv nws cov shrinkage. Niaj hnub no, muaj ntau yam additives nyob rau hauv pob zeb rau dej kuj nyob rau hauv lub lag luam, thiab txawm hais tias lawv muaj ib txoj hauj lwm, txhua tus neeg xaiv muaj nws tus yam ntxwv, yog li koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo nyeem cov khw cov lus qhia ua ntej yuav.
  2. Ntxiv rau qhov tseeb tias cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb ntxiv rau cov pob zeb ua rau dej tsis kam, nws kuj pom zoo kom dej nws. Cov txheej txheem no tau ua thaum thawj plaub hnub nrog lub sijhawm 4 teev. Tom ntej no, cov qauv pob zeb yuav tsum qhuav lawm.
  3. Nrog rau cov evaporation sai ntawm cov dej noo los ntawm cov tshuaj thaum lub sij hawm solidification, pliaj shrinkage kuj tshwm sim. Txhawm rau ua kom cov txheej txheem no qeeb, tom qab nchuav cov pob zeb ua qauv, nws yuav tsum tau them tam sim nrog ib zaj duab xis tshwj xeeb, nyob rau hauv uas condensation yuav tsim, tiv thaiv shrinkage thiab nce lub zog ntawm pob zeb. Lub txheej yog positioned kom nws tsis txhob kov lub sau. Cov qhov khoob me me tau tso rau ntawm cov npoo rau cua qhov cua.

ib ntus cuam tshuam rauqhob mix

pob zeb Frost tsis kam thiab dej tsis kam
pob zeb Frost tsis kam thiab dej tsis kam

Txoj kev no yog cia cov tshuaj qhuav "hnub nyoog" rau ib lub sijhawm. Lub ntsiab yuav tsum tau muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog ua raws li cov cai cia tej yam kev mob. Cov sib tov yuav tsum nyob rau hauv ib tug sov so, tsaus chav tsev thiab raug mus tas li noo noo. Yog li, hauv rau lub hlis, nws cov dej tsis kam tuaj yeem nce ntau zaus.

Frost tsis kam ntawm pob zeb

kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov dej tsis kam ntawm cov pob zeb
kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov dej tsis kam ntawm cov pob zeb

qhov ntsuas no txhais tau hais tias lub peev xwm ntawm cov pob zeb sib xyaw kom tswj tau lawv lub cev thiab cov khoom siv dag zog hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm rov ua kom khov thiab thawing. Cov yam ntxwv no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev xaiv cov pob zeb rau kev tsim kho ntawm kev txhawb nqa choj, tshav dav hlau thiab txoj kev, cov qauv hydraulic, cov tsev thiab lwm yam khoom ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv nruab nrab thiab sab qaum teb latitudes.

Kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov pob zeb yog ua los ntawm kev kuaj sim siv ob txoj hauv kev: yooj yim thiab nrawm. Yog tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb sib txawv, cov ntaub ntawv tau txais los ntawm txoj kev yooj yim yuav raug suav tias yog qhov kawg version.

Tshawb nrhiav kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov pob zeb kom qis qis

pob zeb qib rau Frost tsis kam thiab dej tsis kam
pob zeb qib rau Frost tsis kam thiab dej tsis kam

Kev sim yog ua los ntawm kev siv lub ntsiab lus thiab tswj cov qauv, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov pob zeb ntawm ntau qib rau cov dej tsis kam rau kev sim ntsuas. Tswj pob zeb blanks pablos txiav txim lawv lub zog compressive. Cov txheej txheem no tau ua ua ntej kuaj cov qauv tseem ceeb, uas yuav raug hloov pauv thiab khov rau hauv cov dej sib txawv uas muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov huab cua puag ncig.

Piv txwv:

  • nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov dej hauv av;
  • thaum lub caij ntuj sov permafrost thaws;
  • thaum raug los nag;
  • nyob rau hauv qhov ua tiav ntawm qhov tsis muaj dej tsis tu ncua, thaum cov pob zeb muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo los ntawm cov dej hauv av thiab nag lossis daus.

Kev faib cov theem ntawm Frost tsis kam ntawm pob zeb los ntawm qib

dab tsi ntxiv rau pob zeb ua kom nws tsis muaj dej
dab tsi ntxiv rau pob zeb ua kom nws tsis muaj dej

qauv.

txhawm rau txiav txim siab txog qib kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov pob zeb, cov ntsuas digital los ntawm 25 txog 1000 yog siv. Qhov loj dua tus nqi, qhov zoo dua thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom.

Txoj kev sib xyaw ua ke kev xaiv

Kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom lag luam uas xav tau ntawm cov pob zeb sib tov rau cov khoom tiv thaiv huab cua yuav tsum tau nqa mus rau hauv tus account qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm thaj chaw, nrog rau tus naj npawb ntawm khov thiab thawing mus rau lub caij txias. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias feem ntauFrost tsis kam yog muaj los ntawm cov pob zeb uas muaj qhov ntsuas siab ceev.

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