Ib txoj hauv kev qub tshaj plaws ntawm vov tsev yog cov vov tsev mos. Nws zaj dab neeg pib nrog yuav ua li cas ib tug txiv neej stretched lub bark ntawm ib tsob ntoo los yog daim tawv nqaij tshaj ncej los tiv thaiv nws tus kheej los ntawm lub hnub thiab los nag. Niaj hnub no, ntawm chav kawm, tsis muaj leej twg siv pluab rau lub ru tsev, muaj ntau tus lej ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv zoo dua. Nrog rau ntau yam thev naus laus zis uas koj tuaj yeem ua rau nws lub cuab yeej.
Txhua yam ntawm lub ru tsev mos muaj lawv qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws.
Ntawm qhov zoo ntawm lub ru tsev mos yog cov hauv qab no:
- muaj peev xwm npaj ru tsev ntawm ntau yam duab;
- Yooj yim rau nruab, tsis tas yuav siv lub tshuab hnyav;
- zoo waterproofing zoo;
- kev ruaj ntseg zoo;
- qis qhov nqus;
- tsis ua suab nrov thaum los nag;
- thaum txhim kho me me pov tseg;
- nqi qis.
Cons
Koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias txhua yam ntawm lub ru tsev mos, txawm tias qhov loj ntawm nws cov khoom zoo, muaj qhov tsis zoo. Txawm hais tias kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis tsis nyob twj ywm, thiab cov khoom siv tau txhim kho txhua lub sijhawm.
So, cons:
- xav tau lub hauv paus ruaj khov;
- poob hluav taws kub;
- tsis muaj zog thermal rwb thaiv tsev zoo;
- thaum thaj chaw me me puas lawm, tag nrho daim ntawv yuav tsum tau hloov.
Nyob ru tsev mos
Tsuas yog ib nrab xyoo dhau los, cov khoom siv rau nws cov cuab yeej tau txwv rau 2-3 yam khoom, ntawm cov uas muaj ntau hom khoom siv vov tsev, nrog rau cov ntawv vov tsev raws li daim ntawv bitumen-impregnated.
Hnub no, hom ru tsev mos yog sawv cev los ntawm ntau yam khoom siv ntawm ntau lub hauv paus nrog cov khoom sib txawv, kev siv thiab cov tsos. Ntau yam tshiab tshwm sim yuav luag txhua hnub, yog li hauv kab lus no peb yuav sim qhia yam tsawg kawg ntawm lawv.
pobzeb yooj yim
Qhov no yog lub npe hu ua bituminous mos ru (nws hom tuaj nyob rau hauv cov duab sib txawv thiab xim, tab sis peb mam li tham txog qhov no hauv qab no). Nws muaj peb txheej. Sab nraud - pom rau peb - yog lub pob zeb xim pob zeb. Tom ntej no los cov bitumen thov los ntawm 2 sab mus rau fiberglass. Thiab cov txheej hauv qab yog roj hmab-bitumen. Nws kuj yog nplaum. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias hom ru tsev no muab kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov dej xau (dej tsis kam) thiabnruj nruj ntawm txheej. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb yog qhov tsis muaj delamination, rotting thiab corrosion. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum txhim kho lub ru tsev zoo li no, qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom pov tseg. Los ntawm kev sib piv, pov tseg thaum tsim lub ru tsev los ntawm cov vuas hlau mus txog 50%. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, rau cov vuas hloov pauv, qhov pov tseg ntawm 5% twb tau tsim nyog loj heev.
lub ru tsev mos no muaj ntau hom. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub widest xim ntau yam thiab ib tug lossis loj ntau yam ntawm cov duab: hexagons, rectangles, semicircles; muaj laminated thiab multilayer vuas.
Nws qhov txiaj ntsig yog lub peev xwm los tsim lub ru tsev nrog cov duab geometry nyuaj, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom xav tau ntau, nrog rau kom paub txog cov tswv yim txawv txawv ntawm cov kws tsim vaj tsev. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub ru tsev zoo li no yog cov khoom siv ntsiag to, vim nws muaj cov khoom siv suab nrov zoo heev. Nws qhov kev lees paub yog qhov nruab nrab 20 xyoo, tab sis lub neej kev pabcuam tiag tiag mus txog ib nrab xyoo pua.
Ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub ru tsev, tsuas yog tus nqi tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv, uas yog ntau dua li cov pobzeb hlau. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov khoom no yuav tsum tau ib tug zoo kawg nkaus lub hauv paus (battens ua los ntawm noo-resistant plywood los yog qhuav ntoo, uas tsis yog pheej yig). Nws cov tuam txhab tseem ceeb yog Ruflex, Icopal, Tegola, TechnoNIKOL.
yob ru tsev
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau xaj tam sim ntawd tias hom dov mos ru tsev sib txawv. Ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv nrov tshaj plaws thiab pheej yig tshaj plaws hauv pawg no yog qhov zoo tib yam, tag nrhopaub zoo ruberoid. Nws lub hauv paus yog ru tsev cardboard impregnated nrog bitumen. Tom qab qhov kev kho mob no, ob sab yog them nrog ib txheej tshwj xeeb uas muaj ib tug sib tov ntawm ntxhia muab tub lim thiab bitumen. Cov theem kawg ntawm kev tsim khoom yog txheej txheej txheej ntawm yob nrog hmoov. Nws yuav tsum tau hais qhia tias cov khoom siv vov tsev no txawv ntawm cov khoom siv vov tsev hauv qhov ntom ntawm cov duab los qhia.
Lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm cov khoom siv no yog 5 xyoos. Lub sijhawm tam sim no, thev naus laus zis tau hloov pauv me ntsis, thiab ntawm lub hauv paus, polyester ntaub lossis fiberglass canvas feem ntau ntxiv rau hauv daim duab los qhia. Cov kev hloov pauv hauv thev naus laus zis tau ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua tau ob npaug ntawm cov khoom siv.
Lwm cov khoom siv vov tsev nrov yog rubemast, uas yog tus yam ntxwv ua cov khoom siv bituminous. Nws qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv vov tsev yog cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm bitumen, uas yog nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub canvas.
Nyob zoo ib yam ntawm cov ru tsev mos, cov duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm no, yog hu ua iav vov tsev, iav isol thiab iav mast. Lawv lub hauv paus yog fiberglass. Tam sim no, ib qho kev xaiv tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yob yog euroruberoid - bitumen-polymer membrane.
Tom qab tau paub txog cov khoom siv yob, cov lus nug tsim nyog tshwm sim txog seb lawv tsim tau li cas. Lawv cov tshuab tsim khoom yog yooj yim. Ib txheej tshwj xeeb sab saum toj (kev sib xyaw ntawm bitumen thiab polymer additives) yog siv rau fiberglass lossis polyester thaub qab. Lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv noyog muaj 20 xyoo xwb. Nws tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo yog suav tias yog qhov tsis zoo rau qhov kub thiab txias, yog li ntawd, thaum tso, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum muab yam tsawg 3-4 txheej.
Txhua cov ntaub ntawv yob yog tsim rau vov tsev nrog txoj kab nqes ntawm 45 °. Txij li cov khoom siv vov tsev dov muaj qhov siab txaus ntawm cov dej tsis kam, nws yog siv txawm tias cov ru tsev tiaj tus. Xws li cov ntaub ntawv yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm panels, uas yog ces txiav thiab dov mus rau hauv loj yob. Lawv qhov dav yog 1 m nrog qhov ntev ntawm 10-15 m.
vov tsev
lo lus no yuav tsum nkag siab tias yog txhua yam ntawm cov yob-hom mos vov tsev. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no yog tsim los ntawm ntau hom:
- polyolefin vov tsev.
- Thermoplastic roofing.
- Ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer vov tsev.
- PVC vov tsev.
Cov ntaub ntawv polymer tau siv nyob rau sab hnub poob rau ntau tshaj 50 xyoo, tab sis nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws cov khoom no tau paub txog li ob xyoo lawm. Tam sim no, nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe, lub polymer daim nyias nyias muaj txog li 80% ntawm tag nrho cov vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv.
Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev hloov pauv, lub zog siab, Frost tsis kam, huab cua thiab ozone tsis kam, tiv thaiv oxidation thiab UV rays. Nws kuj tseem ruaj khov - nws lub neej kev pabcuam yog li 50 xyoo yam tsis tau kho.
Kev siv yooj yim tau lees paub los ntawm qhov dav dav ntawm daim nyias nyias, qhov no ua rau nws tuaj yeem xaiv qhov loj me thaum txhim kho lub ru tsev.cov tsev lag luam thiab cov chaw tsim kho loj, uas txo qis cov seams. Membrane vov tsev tuaj yeem ntsia tau thoob plaws hauv lub xyoo.
Soft ru: hom, tshuaj xyuas
Hnub no koj tuaj yeem pom ntau cov lus pom zoo ntawm lub ru tsev mos. Cov neeg nco txog qhov muaj peev xwm tsim cov ru tsev ntawm ntau yam duab, qhov tsis muaj suab nrov hauv cov nag, qhov yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa. Tau kawg, nrog rau tag nrho cov kev tshuaj xyuas zoo, koj tuaj yeem pom qhov tsis zoo, feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev xav tau los tsim lub hauv paus ruaj khov, uas tsim cov nqi ntxiv rau cov khoom siv thiab cov kws ua haujlwm.
ru tsev installation
Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm cov vov tsev mos, hom kev ua haujlwm, yog li ntawd, kuj txawv thiab nyob ntawm cov khoom xaiv. Tom ntej no, xav txog cov kev cai dav dav rau ntau yam tsim.
Rafters
Rau lub ru tsev zoo li no, cov qauv russ tsis txawv ntawm lwm lub ru tsev. Qhov tshwj xeeb yog tias yuav luag txhua hom txheej txheej yuav tsum muaj plywood crate, uas nws qhov hnyav yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum xam lub zog.
Crate
Yuav luag txhua hom ru tsev mos, raws li twb tau hais lawm, yuav tsum tau plywood sheathing. Ib qho kev zam yog lub ru tsev ondulin, txoj kab nqes ntawm ntau tshaj 12˚. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug crate nrog ib tug me me kauj ruam yog ua tau, uas yog sib tham rau txhua yam khoom siv.
ru tsev ncuav mog qab zib
Tseem muaj ntau yam ntxiv ntawm no. Yog hais tias chav tsev uas cov cuab yeej uaru tsev rhuab, ces yuav tsum muaj lwm txheej ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev, thaum tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ntawm no hom muaj ib tug heev thermal conductivity.
Nws yuav luag ib txwm tsim nyog los npaj vapor barrier membranes txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau lub batten thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm condensation. Qee cov ntaub ntawv yob yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv ob peb txheej. Ib hom ntawv cais yog npaj rau lub hau npog sab saum toj txheej hauv ntau txheej txheej.
Feem ntau siv thiab paub zoo ntawm cov vov tsev muag khoom tau txiav txim siab hauv kab lus. Kev siv ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no ua rau nws ua tau kom tau txais kev zoo nkauj, lub ru tsev niaj hnub, nrog rau cov qauv txhim khu kev qha nrog lub neej ua haujlwm ntev.
