Lub qab nthab yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm txhua lub teb chaws lub tsev. Nws yuav tsum tau tsim nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas nws yooj yim thiab nyab xeeb li sai tau. Tam sim no, cov facades ntawm cov tsev ntiav feem ntau pom ntoo, hlau lossis pob zeb txoj kev ntaiv.
Cov kauj ruam los ntawm cov phiaj
Ntoo yog ruaj, yooj yim rau kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam. Yog li ntawd, porches feem ntau ua los ntawm nws. Lawv cov kauj ruam feem ntau muaj ob ntu - treads thiab risers. Rau thawj zaug, koj yuav tsum nqa lub rooj tsavxwm nrog lub thickness tsawg kawg yog 2.5 cm. Risers tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm ntawm 2 cm. Cov ntsiab lus no tuaj yeem txuas rau cov hlua lossis bowstrings. Hauv txoj cai, hom kev txhawb nqa tsis cuam tshuam rau lub zog ntawm cov qauv. Stringers yog boards nrog tsaws zes txiav tawm raws ntug. Nyob rau hauv lub bowstrings - nyob rau hauv lub treads thiab risers - tuav yog khoom. Lub fastening ntawm tom kawg yog feem ntau nqa tawm ntawm bolts nrog ceev. Yog li, cov kauj ruam yooj yim heev rau lub sam thiaj tau txais. Koj tuaj yeem pom daim duab ntawm tus qauv pheej yig thiab yooj yim-rau-sib dhos hauv qab no.
Log cov kauj ruam
Cov porches ntawm cov tsev cav feem ntau tsim los ntawm lub cav sawn ib nrab. Koj tuaj yeem kho cov kauj ruam zoo li no, piv txwv li, ntawm cov cav uas khawb rau hauv av hauv txoj hauj lwm ntsug. Feem ntau lawv kuj tau muab tso rau ntawm pob zeb lossis cib stringers.
Tiav cov kauj ruam ntoo
Txij li lub qab nthab yog ib qho qauv sab nraum zoov, thiab txawm tias muaj cov khoom thauj tas mus li thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau kev ua tiav ntawm cov kauj ruam. Varnishes rau lub hom phiaj no tuaj yeem siv tau, tab sis tsuas yog npaj rau kev siv sab nraum zoov. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau cov porches tseem npog nrog cov roj ntoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau yam stains tuaj yeem siv rau lub hom phiaj no. Painted ntoo txoj kev kauj ruam rau lub qab nthab kuj saib zoo. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub tom kawg, koj kuj yuav tsum xaiv cov cuab yeej zoo. Feem ntau, rau cov qauv nyob rau ntawm txoj kev, alkyd enamels los yog roj pleev xim yog siv.
Metal steps
Steel stairs sab nraum zoov kuj yog ib qho kev xaiv nrov heev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov kauj ruam yog welded los ntawm lub ces kaum nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug ncej. Yuav kom kho tau lawv mus rau lub bowstrings, ob racks yog txuas rau lawv los ntawm hauv qab no. Cov kauj ruam lawv tus kheej tuaj yeem ua los ntawm ntoo lossis los ntawm hlau. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub tom kawg, lawv tau them nrog cov ntaub ntawv los tiv thaiv qhov kawg ntawm theem kawg.
Qee zaum cov kauj ruam ntawm cov ntaiv hlau yog ua lattice. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev xaiv no zoo dua rau kev nkag thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev. Hlau treads feem ntau muaj cov qauv embossed thiab saib zoo nkauj.zoo nkauj. Hauv qhov no, lawv tau pleev xim rau cov xim roj.
Feem ntau cov kauj ruam ntawm cov ntaiv hlau txuas tsis yog ob, tab sis rau ib txoj hlua. Vim qhov tseeb tias steel muaj lub zog siab heev, cov qauv hauv qhov no tau ntseeg tau.
Yuav ua li cas ua kauj ruam rau lub laj kab ci
Qhov no yog qhov kim heev, tab sis kev xaiv zoo heev. Kev tsim kho ntawm lub ru tsev no suav nrog ntau theem:
- Cov kab txaij tau tsim. Lawv feem ntau sib sau ua ke siv "cib" txoj kev.
- Ib txoj hlua taw qhia yog rub ntawm cov parapets. Tom ntej no, nteg tawm ib lub cib faib nyob rau hauv thawj kauj ruam.
- Qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm nws thiab lub plinth ntawm lub tsev muaj cov pob zeb tawg, pob zeb, thiab lwm yam.
- Tom qab ntawd txhua yam yog nchuav nrog pob zeb.
- Txoj kev tawm ntawm thawj qhov kev faib tawm mus rau qhov dav ntawm lub tread, qhov thib ob yog tsim.
- Qhov tshwm sim thawj kauj ruam yog kab nrog cib.
- Tom qab ntawd, qhov chaw seem mus txog lub plinth yog rov ntim pob zeb thiab nchuav nrog pob zeb.
- Tom qab ntawd, muab faib thib peb, thiab lwm yam.
Natural stone step
Qee lub sij hawm lub porches yog nteg tawm ntawm ntuj pob zeb. Cov txheej txheem ntawm lawv cov kev tsim kho yog zoo ib yam li cov kev xaiv ntawm kev tsim ib tug cib txoj kev staircase. Bas alt feem ntau yog siv los ua cov khoom siv. Cov porches ua los ntawm npaj ua polished granite blocks tig tawm kom zoo nkauj heev. Tau kawg, qhov kev xaiv no yuav raug nqi me ntsis.
pob zeb txoj kev stairs
Cov kauj ruam rau lub qab nthab, ntim nrog cov cementkev daws, - qhov kev xaiv kuj yog khoom thiab ruaj khov. Thaum tsim ib lub sam thiaj, formwork yog siv. Pob zeb yog tsim los ntawm cov cement, xuab zeb thiab gravel tib yam li rau lub hauv paus. Ib qho ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv no yog tias nrog nws siv nws yooj yim los tsim cov kauj ruam ntawm kev teeb tsa, suav nrog oval lossis puag ncig.
Yuav ua li cas sib sau ua ke lub rooj vag formwork
Rau ib lub qhov rooj zoo tib yam, lub formwork yog ua los ntawm cov laug cam txog 2 cm tuab. Nws tau sib sau ua ke raws li hauv qab no:
- Sab phab ntsa yog tsau nruj nreem raws qhov siab ntawm lub qab nthab.
- Nruab nrab ntawm lawv, nrog kev cim ua ntej, jumpers los ntawm cov laug cam yog tsau.
- Nruab ib qho kev txhawb nqa mesh hauv txhua lub hlwb uas tshwm sim.
Cov kauj ruam ib puag ncig lossis oval lub rooj zaum feem ntau yog cam khwb cia hauv cov yas formwork. Yog tias koj xav tau, koj tuaj yeem sim ua nws los ntawm strips ntawm tin. Lawv khoov thiab tsau rau hauv txoj hauj lwm nrog cov pas hlau.
Pob lub laj kab pob zeb
Tom ntej no, cia peb saib seb cov kauj ruam rau lub laj kab pob zeb yog li cas. Cov fittings rau txoj kev staircase yog txuas los ntawm ib tug pas nrig ntawm 10-12 hli nrog hlau. Qhov sib xyaw ua ke yog npaj los ntawm cov cement, xuab zeb thiab pob zeb hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1: 3: 5. Muab nws tso rau hauv lub formwork nrog shovel. Rau ramming thiab cua tshem tawm, txhua kauj ruam yog pierced nrog ib tug ntoo ceg txheem ntseeg ob peb zaug. Yam tsawg kawg yog 5 cm yuav tsum nyob twj ywm ntawm ntug sab saum toj ntawm qhov cuab lub zog rau saum npoo thiab ntawm ob sab.
Dab tsicov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem siv los ua kom tiav cov pob zeb ua pob zeb
Vuas feem ntau yog siv los ua kom tiav txoj kev ntaiv uas tau nchuav los ntawm cov cement sib tov. Qhov kev xaiv nyiaj txiag yog pavement. Cov porches ntawm cov tsev muaj koob npe feem ntau ntsib nrog cov vuas clinker. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim ceramic, tab sis ua los ntawm qhov kub siab heev. Cov kauj ruam clinker rau lub sam thiaj saib zoo heev. Txawm li cas los xij, cov vuas zoo li no kim heev. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum xaiv cov khoom siv los ua kom tiav txoj kev staircase, koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau nws txoj kev zoo nkauj, tab sis kuj muaj kev nyab xeeb. Cov vuas yuav tsum tsis txhob ntog. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav cov khoom uas muaj qhov tob tob heev. Hauv qhov no, av yuav ntim rau hauv nws. Tau kawg, cov pobzeb xaiv yuav tsum nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog lub ntsej muag ntawm lub vaj.
Qee lub sij hawm cov kauj ruam rau lub qab nthab kuj ua tiav nrog cov pob zeb ntuj. Feem ntau nws yog granite los yog marble. Cov qauv zoo li no, tau kawg, nplua nuj heev, tab sis lawv kuj kim.
Yuav ua li cas clad qhob kauj ruam
Clinker vuas rau cov kauj ruam hauv qab yog feem ntau tso rau ntawm cov cement mortar hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1: 4 lossis ntawm cov kua nplaum tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub tom kawg, lub hauv ob sab phlu yuav raug nqi ntau dua, tab sis nws yuav dhau los ua kom ntseeg tau ntau dua. Zoo li txhua yam khoom siv ceramic, cov vuas clinker tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv loj heev. Yog li ntawd, thaum tso nruab nrab ntawm lawv, nws yog tsim nyog tawm hauv lub seams wider (8-10 mm). Txhawm rau ua kom tus qauv txawm, koj tuaj yeem siv cov hlaws tshwj xeeb lossis ib txoj hlua. Tsis tas li, txhawm rau ua raws li daim duab kos, koj yuav tsum xub ua ntejnruab beacon vuas raws cov npoo ntawm qhov chaw kom raug txiav.
Pib tso cov vuas clinker los ntawm lub platform sab saum toj. Cov kua nplaum yog siv nrog ib tug notched trowel ob leeg ntawm lub cladding ntsiab lawv tus kheej thiab ntawm cov pob zeb nto. Tom qab tag nrho lub qab nthab yog lined, lawv tos ib hnub. Lub sij hawm no yog tsim nyog rau cov kua nplaum teeb. Tom qab ntawd mus rau grouting cov seams. Ua li no, siv cov khoom uas phim cov xim ntawm cov pobzeb nws tus kheej thiab npaj rau siv sab nraum zoov.
Yuav ua li cas ua kom lub qhov rooj saum lub ru tsev
Yuav kom cov kauj ruam ua tiav ntawm cov ntaiv sab nraum zoov kom ntev dua, koj yuav tsum kho lub visor saum lawv. Nws tuaj yeem ua los ntawm ntau yam khoom siv. Lub thav duab feem ntau yog khob los ntawm tuav los yog welded los ntawm ib lub ces kaum. Tom qab ntawd nws tau them nrog daim ntawv profiled, cov vuas hlau, cov laug cam nrog gluing nrog cov khoom siv vov tsev, polycarbonate, thiab lwm yam.
Feem ntau, lub visor txuas nrog ib sab rau cov ncej txhawb nqa, thiab lwm qhov - rau phab ntsa, ntawm lub thauj tog rau nkoj. Qee zaum sheds tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm hauv qab nrog ntoo lossis hlau struts. Forged xaiv rau visors saib zoo heev. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis zoo li nws yuav muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo li no ntawm koj tus kheej. Npaj-ua yog kim heev.
Tseem ib qho kev xaiv zoo nkauj heev yog lub tsev ntoo carved. Lawv feem ntau nruab nws hla ntoo porches.
Yuav ua li cas cov kauj ruam rau lub sam thiaj nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes thiab yuav ua li cas veneer lawv, tam sim no koj paub. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev staircase yuav muaj kev nyab xeeb tsuas yog thaumfenced ntawm ob sab. Qee lub sij hawm porches raug tsa tsis muaj parapet thiab railings. Tab sis tsuas yog tias tus tsim qauv xav tau nws, thiab nws tsis siab dhau.
ru tsev railings yog tsim los ntawm ntau yam khoom siv. Nws tuaj yeem yog ntoo, pob zeb, cib, thiab txawm tias polycarbonate lossis iav. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm ib qho kev xaiv tshwj xeeb yog nyob ntawm seb hom khoom siv twg los ua lub laj kab nws tus kheej.
Railings feem ntau yog ua los ntawm ntoo lossis hlau. Qhov kev xaiv tom kawg tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov hlau zoo tib yam lossis galvanized. Cov railings feem ntau yog ntsia rau ntawm pob zeb lossis cib porches. Tau kawg, kev xaiv ntoo yog qhov yooj yim dua rau siv. Cov khoom no tsis sov li hauv tshav kub thiab xyaum tsis txias hauv lub caij ntuj no. Hlau uas tsis yog-galvanized railings feem ntau yog lined nrog ntoo saum.
Xaiv lub qhov rooj xaiv qhov twg
Kev xaiv cov khoom siv rau kev tsim cov stairs sab nraum zoov feem ntau yog nyob ntawm tus qauv tsim ntawm lub tsev nws tus kheej. Piv txwv li, cov kauj ruam ntawm lub log tsev, feem ntau yuav, yuav tsis zoo ib yam nkaus. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, ib tug ntoo staircase feem ntau yog sib sau ua ke. Cov vaj tse pob zeb lossis cib feem ntau muaj lub qab nthab ua los ntawm cov khoom qub.
Yog li, tam sim no koj paub yuav ua li cas nchuav cov kauj ruam rau lub sam thiaj, nrog rau yuav ua li cas sib sau ua ke ntawm hlau lossis ntoo. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, cov txheej txheem tsis yog qhov nyuaj tshwj xeeb. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ua raws li cov txheej txheem tsim. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tau txais kev ntseeg siab, ruaj khov thiab zoo nkauj qab nthab.
