Feem ntau, cov phab ntsa sab hauv tsev thiab facades yog plastered siv beacons. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum craftsmen siv cov cuab yeej sib txawv me ntsis los ua kom tiav cov hnab ntawv. Hauv qhov no, beacons tsis siv rau kev ua tiav. Cov txheej txheem no yog qhov nyuaj thiab yuav tsum tau ua raws li txhua yam kev siv thev naus laus zis.
Plaster phab ntsa tsis muaj beacons - cov txheej txheem yeej tsis yooj yim. Ua tus tsim ntawm cov phab ntsa hauv txoj kev no, tsuas yog cov kws tshaj lij kev paub. Ib tug pib yuav tsum siv cov cuab yeej no tsuas yog rau plastering nto, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib co outbuildings. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua kom tiav cov phab ntsa hauv cov tsev nyob rau cov tswv tsev uas tsis muaj kev paub ntau hauv qhov teeb meem no siv beacons.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm txoj kev
Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm plastering phab ntsa tsis muaj beacons yog hais tias nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nws muaj peev xwm siv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg nyob rau hauv ib tug nyias txheej. Ntawd yog, cov tswv ntawm lub tsev lossis chav tsev, thaum siv cov thev naus laus zis no, tau txais lub sijhawm los txuag cov khoom siv. Yog nyobsiv beacons, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus thickness ntawm plaster nyob rau hauv feem ntau protruding qhov chaw ntawm phab ntsa yog 7-8 hli, ces tsis siv lawv daim duab no yog txo rau 3-5 hli.
Lwm qhov zoo ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no yog qhov no, lub sijhawm rau kev npaj qhov chaw kom tiav yog txo. Thaum siv cov txheej txheem no, nws tsis tas yuav nruab beacons rau ntawm phab ntsa, tos kom cov sib tov kom qhuav, tshem tawm cov ntsiab lus thiab kaw qhov khoob ntawm lawv tom qab.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev siv tshuab plastering yam tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus siv yog, tau kawg, qhov no nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov chaw tiaj tus. Vim yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas thaum siv cov txheej txheem no, cov txheej txheem tiav nws tus kheej tau ncav cuag lub sijhawm.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj siv tau
Feem ntau, cov phab ntsa thiab facades tsis muaj lighthouses yog plastered nyob rau hauv ntau yam outbuildings. Tau kawg, tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau ua rau qhov sib npaug ntawm txheej txheej hauv cov qauv zoo li no. Ntawm cov khoom, thaum siv cov cuab yeej no, qhov tseeb, koj tuaj yeem txuag tau ntau heev.
Qee lub sij hawm cov txheej txheem ntawm plastering phab ntsa tsis muaj beacons kuj siv nyob rau hauv cov chav nyob. Nws raug tso cai siv cov thev naus laus zis no rau thaj chaw xws li yog cov phab ntsa hauv lawv txaus txawm tias. Raws li cov qauv SNiP, nws raug tso cai rau plaster chav nyob yam tsis muaj kev siv beacons thaum qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv qhov chaw tsis pub tshaj 1-1.5 cm.
pib qhov twg
Tau kawg, ua ntej pib ua cov txheej txheem xws li plastering phab ntsa nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes yam tsis muajbeacons nrog rotband lossis lwm yam sib tov, txhua qhov chaw yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo npaj. Daim ntawv qub qub, xim, av, roj me ntsis yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ntawm lawv.
Tag nrho cov kab nrib pleb uas twb muaj lawm yuav tsum tau kho nrog putty siv rab koob. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau ua raws li hauv qab no:
- muab tawg nrog putty;
- ntev nws raws tag nrho ntev nrog rab ntaj;
- thov lwm txheej ntawm putty thiab ua tib zoo dlhos nws.
Ntawm qhov chaw ntoo, ua ntej ua tiav, ib lub thav duab ntawm cov ntsia hlau nyias yog mounted, muab lawv diagonally crosswise. Txhawm rau kom cov plastering ntawm cov phab ntsa pob zeb tsis muaj beacons ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws, lawv tau ua ua ntej.
Priming
Sai li lub putty ntawm cov kab nrib pleb dries, pib priming phab ntsa. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg rau lub hom phiaj no, koj tuaj yeem xaiv tsim los ua cov ntoo, cib lossis pob zeb. Tseem muaj universal primers muag hnub no.
Siv cov txheej txheem ntawm ntau yam no rau cov phab ntsa thiab qab nthab ua ntej plastering siv cov xim pleev xim rau cov menyuam. Feem ntau, cov phab ntsa yog primed hauv ob txheej.
Dab tsi plastering thev naus laus zis yam tsis muaj beacons tuaj yeem siv
Tam sim no, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev rau kev ua tiav ntawm cov txheej txheem kaw. Tab sis feem ntau, ua-nws-koj tus kheej plastering ntawm phab ntsa tsis muaj beacons ua tiav:
- qauv txheej txheem hauv peb txheej;
- mechanized.
Ob txoj kev no tso cai rau koj kom tau txais qhov chaw du, tab sis tib lub sijhawm lawv xav tau kev ua raws li thev naus laus zis.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj siv tau
Kev sib xyaw ntawm ntau hom tuaj yeem siv rau plastering phab ntsa. Los ntawm sab hauv ntawm chav tsev, nyob rau hauv feem ntau, lawv tau tiav siv gypsum compositions. Qhov tshwj xeeb hauv qhov no tsuas yog chav ntub dej xwb. Rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov chav no, cov cement sib tov tseem siv ntau dua. Tib cov tebchaw yog feem ntau siv rau plastering facades.
Txoj kev ib txwm muaj
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, peb txheej ntawm plaster yog siv rau phab ntsa:
- spray;
- leveling main;
- finishing.
Txhua theem no, kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum ua kom zoo thiab ua kom zoo li sai tau.
How to mix mortar
Feem ntau, rau cov phab ntsa plastering, nrog rau beacons, nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm, npaj txhij-ua khoom sib tov yog siv. Cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm tus kheej feem ntau yog npaj tsuas yog ua kom tiav cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim tawm. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov cement yog tov nrog nplua xuab zeb nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1 mus rau 3 thiab ib tug me ntsis txiv qaub yog ntxiv rau lub resulting muaj pes tsawg leeg thiaj li yuav ua rau nws ntau yas.
Cov khoom sib xyaw ua tiav yog feem ntau tsuas yog diluted nrog dej raws li qhov tau teev tseg hauv cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia. Thaum npaj cov tshuaj, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, siv ib tug tov khoom siv. Hauv lub thoob ua ntejdej yog poured, thiab ces lub qhuav sib tov yog poured. Tom qab ntawd txhua yam yog tov kom huv si kom txog thaum lub pob ploj. Tom qab ntawd, tos ob peb feeb thiab siv lub tov khoom dua. Thaum kawg, qhov sib tov yuav tsum yog homogeneous li sai tau.
Knead tib lub sijhawm koj xav tau me me ntawm cov tshuaj. Yog tias nws tau npaj rau plaster phab ntsa yam tsis muaj beacons nrog gypsum plaster, npaj ntau sib tov ntawm ib lub sij hawm uas nws yog txaus rau ib nrab ib teev ntawm kev ua hauj lwm.
Cement mortar rau saum npoo tuaj yeem ua tiav ntau dua ib zaug. Xws li cov sib tov tseem muaj elastic txaus rau kev ua haujlwm yooj yim nrog nws li 1-1.5 teev.
How to spray
Thaum thawj theem ntawm plastering, cov phab ntsa uas npaj tau yog moistened nrog dej thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov mortar yog muab pov rau lawv nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb ladle. Txhawm rau kom cov tshuaj tsuag kom zoo tshaj plaws, cov plaster sib tov rau nws yuav tsum tau npaj kom raug. Nws yuav tsum muaj qhov sib xws ntawm tuab qaub cream.
Cov tshuaj pov rau ntawm phab ntsa yuav tsum tsis txhob tawg, tawg thiab poob. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob ntws los ntawm qhov chaw. Nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog los ntsuas cov phab ntsa hauv txhua txoj hauv kev ntawm theem no. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog sim kom paub tseeb tias cov plaster txheej yog tib yam nyob rau hauv thickness (5-7 hli) tshaj tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm lub tiav lawm nto. Rub cov khoom pov rau ntawm phab ntsa siv cov xim pleev xim.
Yog xav tau, txau tuaj yeem ua tiav siv txoj kev sib txawv me ntsis. Feem ntau ntawm thawj theem, plaster sib tov ntawm cov phab ntsa tsis yogpov rau thiab smear. Tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb xav tau los ntsuas qhov kev daws teeb meem, thiab qhov no ua tib zoo ua tib zoo.
Yog tias cov phab ntsa hauv chav sib txawv heev, cov tshuaj tsuag kuj tuaj yeem ua tiav siv cov kua mortar. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, kev kho deg yog technologically zoo li cov pa priming.
Ib qho yooj yim, tsis tuab heev thiab tsis nyias nyias kuj tau npaj rau theem no. Ua ntej thov nws, tos kom txog thaum cov tshuaj tsuag ntawm phab ntsa dries me ntsis. txheej no yuav tsum kho tag nrho lawm.
Tom qab ntawd hla cov phab ntsa hauv cov lus qhia sib txawv nrog txoj cai ntev ntawm 1.5 m kom tshem tawm cov khoom tawm. Ua tau, lub ntsiab txheej ntawm plaster rau saum npoo yog thov nrog ib tug grater thiab leveled nyob rau hauv feem ntau meej txoj kev. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm no, cov cuab yeej tau txav mus rau txhua qhov kev qhia. Cov tshuaj yog siv rau lub grater nws tus kheej nrog ib tug spatula.
Tom qab tag nrho cov phab ntsa tiav lawm, so kom txog thaum txheej txheej no qhuav. Tom ntej no, qhov saum npoo yog kuaj xyuas qhov sib npaug, siv txoj cai nrog rau qib rau nws. Txhua qhov tsis xws luag raug tshem tawm - cov pob yog ntxuav tawm, cov pits tau ntim nrog me me ntawm mortar thiab leveled.
Tom qab phab ntsa ua tib zoo ntsuas, lawv so li 3 teev. Sai li qhov kev daws dries zoo, txuas ntxiv mus thov txheej txheej tiav. Lub sijhawm no, npaj ua kua ntau heev.
Siv cov tsho tiv no rau cov phab ntsa raws li hauv qab no:
- scoop mortar nrog lub thoob xim;
- pib ntawm sab saum toj, watering1 m2 square phab ntsa;
- rubbing saum npoo nrog grater hauv ib ncig.
Hauv kev ua haujlwm no, sim ua kom phab ntsa kom du li sai tau. Cov txheej txheej tiav ntawm qhov chaw yuav tsum qhuav hauv 5-8 teev tom ntej. Tom qab ntawd, lub phab ntsa yog rov ua tib zoo rubbed nrog ib tug grater. Tom ntej no, koj tuaj yeem mus rau qhov ua tiav zoo.
Cov thev naus laus zis tau tham saum toj no yog cov lus teb zoo rau cov lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas plaster phab ntsa tsis muaj beacons nrog gypsum lossis cement plaster. Siv cov txheej txheem no, koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov npoo ncaj, zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj. Tab sis qhov tsis zoo ntawm txoj kev no, raws li twb tau hais lawm, yog tias plastering nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no dhau los ua cov txheej txheem qeeb heev.
Mechanized plastering khoom siv
Txoj kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm phab ntsa no yog thev naus laus zis zoo ib yam li tau piav qhia saum toj no. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau theem ntawm kev txau, qhov no, cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb yog siv - plastering tsev. Cov khoom siv zoo li no tuaj yeem yog cov kws tshaj lij lossis cov neeg nyiam ua haujlwm. Lawv siv tuaj yeem ua kom cov txheej txheem ua tiav sai.
Cov thev naus laus zis no tuaj yeem siv rau plastering phab ntsa tsis muaj beacons nrog cement plaster lossis gypsum. Cov cuab yeej tshaj lij tsim los rau kev kho cov phab ntsa yog qhov loj thiab ua haujlwm zoo heev. Nrog nws siv, koj tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog siv cov tshuaj rau saum npoo, tab sis kuj knead nws.
Tsev plasteringcov khoom siv me me. Tsis muaj kev sib xyaw ua haujlwm. Thaum siv lawv, tus tswv yuav tsum ua cov tshuaj manually.
Yuav ua li cas yog txheej txheem ntawm mechanized plastering
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, cov phab ntsa ntawm thawj theem kuj tau ua tib zoo npaj thiab primed. Tom qab ntawd lawv ntub dej. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau txau nrog lub tshuab plastering. Kev daws teeb meem thaum siv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuab plaster rau saum npoo yog siv rau hauv nyias, txawm tias kab rov tav kab nyob ze rau ib leeg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv sim ua cov haujlwm ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej raws phab ntsa kom sib npaug li sai tau.
Tom qab qhov chaw yuav tsum tau ua tiav tiav lawm, cov sib tov yog ua tib zoo leveled nrog txoj cai ntev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv ntxuav cov pob thiab kaw lub qhov nrog me me ntawm cov sib tov.
Nyob rau theem kawg, thaum siv cov txheej txheem no ntawm kev siv plaster rau ntawm phab ntsa, qhov chaw ua tiav nrog txheej txheej tiav. Tom qab nws qhuav, txhua yam yog rubbed siv grater.
