Ntau tus npau suav ntawm eco-friendly vaj tsev ua los ntawm ntoo ntawm lub pas dej. Tab sis lub durability ntawm ntoo yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws undergoes aging thiab lwj. Txawm li cas los xij, ntuj ntoo yog nrov heev thiab siv dav hauv kev tsim sab hauv.
Cov khoom ntoo yog kho nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv pwm, cov roj tua hluav taws. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj no tsis yog ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg. Tsis muaj coob tus neeg paub tias muaj lwm txoj hauv kev - kev ua ntoo los ntawm hluav taws. Txoj kev no tau tshwm sim ntau pua xyoo dhau los.
Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav saib txhua qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev ua ntoo nrog hluav taws, tham txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov cuab yeej no.
History of thev naus laus zis
Thawj qhov hais txog kev hlawv ntoo tshwm sim thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua kaum yim. Lub sijhawm no, cov neeg nyob hauv Nyij Pooj tau hlawv cov ntoo cypress loj heev. Pom cov ntoo hlawv ntawm cov ntoo no, cov neeg tau xav txog lawv cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, qhov no tau ua rau kev tshawb pom ntawm thev naus laus zis. Tom qab tshuaj xyuas cov ntoo tom qab tua, cov neeg Nyij Pooj pom tau tiasTxoj kev ua no tiv thaiv qhov teeb meem ntawm rotting, kab puas thiab hlawv. Tom qab ntawd, lawv pib siv txoj hauv kev txhua qhov chaw. Lawv muab lub npe ntawm no technology - Yakisugi, uas txhais tau tias "cedar languishing". Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias nyob rau hauv Nyiv, cedar feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho. Nws yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov laj kab, phab ntsa thiab facade kho kom zoo nkauj. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua ntoo los ntawm kev hlawv tso cai rau koj txuas nws lub neej rau ntau xyoo.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm zoo sib xws muaj nyob hauv Russia. Nws tau los ua ib hom qauv ntawm kev tua hluav taws niaj hnub. Cov khoom siv nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no tsuas yog muab tso rau hauv qhov hluav taws kub. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tsuas yog hlawv ib nrab xwb. Yeej, qhov qis ntawm cov ncej tau raug kho hluav taws, uas tau siv rau kev tsim kho. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov laug cam rau lub ru tsev thiab hauv pem teb raug rho tawm haujlwm. Hauv tebchaws Russia, txoj kev no hu ua "kev haus luam yeeb".
Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntoo thaum tua
Cov qauv ntoo yog qhov zoo li thaum tsim cov txheej hauv qab tawv ntoo, ib hom pores tshwm hauv nws. Yog li ntawd, fibrous cell tuag. Vim lub siab porosity thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm fibers, ntoo tau txais lub ntsiab thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - hygroscopicity zoo heev. Ua tsaug rau qhov zoo, nws muaj peev xwm muab thiab nqus dej, nyob ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov av noo ntawm ib puag ncig thiab nws tus kheej.
Qhov thib ob tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb tsawg dua yog cov qauv tsis sib xws. Qhov no yog vim qhov tsim ntawm cellulose polymers, resins thiab qab zib thaum lub sij hawmtsob ntoo lub neej. Cov khoom zoo li no yog cov organic tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Lawv kuj ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntoo - flammability thiab tsim kom muaj ib puag ncig zoo rau fungi thiab kab tsuag.
Yuav kom txo tau tsob ntoo cuam tshuam rau sab nraud, siv ntau txoj kev tiv thaiv. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, qhov no yog autoclave cua sov thiab creosote ua noj ntawm ntoo. Thaum lub sij hawm tus txheej txheem, cov khoom raug mus rau high kub, vim hais tias hemicellulose formations raug puas tsuaj. Lawv yog lub ntsiab ua rau ignition ntawm ntoo. Nws yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua kom ua tau li no hauv tsev. Tab sis muaj ntau lwm txoj hauv kev siv tau rau qee qhov thaiv qhov hws thiab tshem tawm cov polymers. Ib tug yog hlawv ntoo.
Ntau tus neeg tsis nkag siab tias vim li cas ntoo yuav tsum raug kho zoo li no. Cov kws tshaj lij kuj paub tias kev tua hluav taws ua rau qhov nqaim ntawm cov kab fiber ntau ntawm tsob ntoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tau clogged nrog tar thiab combustion khoom. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, lub neej ntawm ntoo yog txuas mus rau ntau xyoo.
khoom ntoo hlawv
Nyiv hluav taws kub kho ntoo muab cov khoom siv ntxoov ntxoo tshwj xeeb thiab hais txog nws qhov tsis xwm yeem. Txoj kev no txawv ntawm lwm tus. Tom qab Japanese languor, ntoo tuaj yeem impregnated nrog ntau cov roj ib zaug txhua 4 xyoos, uas tso cai rau koj kom ntev nws lub zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov xim tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm qhov chaw. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab kho tsob ntoo nrog hluav taws, ob peb tus neeg xav hloov xim.khoom.
Ntau yam kev tua
Qhov tsos thiab kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov ntoo uas tua hluav taws tuaj yeem sib txawv. Nws nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm cov khoom siv, thev naus laus zis ntawm nws cov txheej txheem thiab qhov tob ntawm kev tua hluav taws. Txog niaj hnub no, muaj peb hom kev tua, sib txawv ntawm qhov tob.
Kev tua tag nrho
Hom kev ua ntoo no los ntawm hluav taws yog ua los ntawm kev tso cov khoom hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev. Qhov kub ntawm lawv tuaj yeem ncav cuag 400 degrees Celsius. Ntoo uas tau raug tua tag nrho tsis tshua siv. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias, txawm tias thaum pib lub zog siab, tom qab ua tiav, cov ntoo poob nws qhov loj thiab txo qhov loj me. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws cov khoom ua haujlwm tau ploj lawm. Tab sis cov ntoo no tseem siv los ua cov rooj tog zaum.
dub tob tob
txheej txheem no yog ua nyob rau hauv qhov qhib qhov cub. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov tob ntawm burnout ntawm lub Upper txheej yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj ob centimeters. Txoj kev no yog siv los ua cov ntoo uas tau siv. Qhov saum npoo, raug rau txoj kev tua hluav taws no, tau txais qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj. Cov ntoo tau txais cov xim uas tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm graphite mus rau qhov sib sib zog nqus dub. Ua tsaug rau qhov tshwj xeeb no, nws muaj peev xwm ua raws li cov tsiaj muaj txiaj ntsig.
Nws tsis tuaj yeem tau txais cov xim ntawm tsob ntoo no siv lwm txoj hauv kev. Qhov no yog vim li cas cov khoom siv sib sib zog nqus tau txais txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv.
Ntogfiring
Txoj kev no yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws. Nws lub ntsiab lus yog nyob rau hauv kev sib tsoo ntawm cov ntoo nrog cov roj burner. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tsuas yog lub sab sauv txheej yog tiav, lub thickness ntawm uas tsis pub tshaj 5 millimeters. Qhov nrov ntawm txoj kev no yog vim muaj ntau yam. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, qhov no yog qhov muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsim nyog rau kev hlawv ntoo thiab qhov yooj yim ntawm cov txheej txheem nws tus kheej. Nws yog noteworthy tias cov khoom ua tiav nyob rau hauv no txoj kev acquires ntau zog thiab ib tug txawv txawv kev ntxhib los mos. Ntoo raug rho tawm haujlwm yog siv rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv thiab sab nrauv.
Pros and cons of technology
Kev kho ntoo los ntawm hluav taws muaj ntau qhov zoo. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov thev naus laus zis no tshem tawm kev siv tshuaj uas tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv. Qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug yog qhov yooj yim ntawm kev siv tshuab. Koj tuaj yeem hlawv ntoo hauv tsev yam tsis muaj kev txawj tshwj xeeb. Ntoo kho nrog cov thev naus laus zis no tiv taus hluav taws, uas ua rau kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm hluav taws ntawm qhov chaw uas nws siv. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb hais tias cov ntoo hlawv tsis ignite dua. Hluav taws kub-kho ntoo yog cov khoom siv zoo ib puag ncig, tiv thaiv los ntawm cov kab mob fungal thiab kab mob. Thaum lub sij hawm tua hluav taws, cov cellulose hais ntawm ntoo raug rhuav tshem, uas yog ib qho chaw zoo rau cov kab tsuag. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog ua kom lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm kev tua.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntoo zoo li no muaj qhov tsis zoo -cov nqi zog. Cov txheej txheem tua hluav taws tsis yog tsuas yog kho hluav taws xwb, tab sis kuj yog nws qhov kev ntxuav ua ntej, thiab ua ntxiv nrog cov roj thiab cov kua roj vanish.
Yuav ua li cas cov ntoo zoo tshaj plaws rau kev kho hluav taws
Tseem ntseeg tias tej ntoo twg tsim nyog tua. Txawm li cas los xij, rau cov neeg uas xav tau qhov pom kev tshwj xeeb, cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom siv qee yam tsiaj. Nws yog noteworthy tias thawj zaug xwb cedar tau siv nyob rau hauv tsoos Japanese technology. Tom qab ntawd, lawv pib ua beech thiab hornbeam nrog hluav taws. Hlawv, xws li ntoo tau ib tug grey xim, uas shimmered zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv lub teeb. Cov nyhuv no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev hlawv cov ntoo saum toj kawg nkaus.
Hnub no, cov tsiaj xws li maple, alder, poplar tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev tua. Yog hais tias koj xav tau kom tau ib tug nto nrog ib tug zoo kev ntxhib los mos, ces nyob rau hauv xws li mob larch thiab walnut yog siv.
Hauv kev tsim da dej, feem ntau tsuas yog siv birch. Hom ntoo no nyob rau hauv qhov hluav taws kub ua ntxeem tau thiab tau txais lub peev xwm kub tsawg. Vim li no, nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, nws tsis tuaj yeem hlawv daim tawv nqaij.
Qhov tseeb nthuav yog tias tib ntoo tuaj yeem tshwm sib txawv. Nws ncaj qha nyob ntawm txoj kev tua. Tab sis nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom npaj cov khoom kom zoo.
Cov ntoo yuav raug rho tawm yuav tsum ntub me ntsis. Qhov siab tshaj plaws yog 13%. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov kab mob ntawm cov xim pleev xim. Nws yuav tsum yogcleared kiag li. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb, vim hais tias cov resinous tshuaj absorbed rau hauv ntoo yuav tshwm unevenly ntawm nws nto thaum lub sij hawm tua. Qhov no yuav ua rau nws zoo nkauj heev.
Puas ntoo xav tau kev tiv thaiv ntxiv tom qab tua
Cov ntoo hlawv muaj ntau qhov zoo dua li cov ntoo, tab sis nws tseem xav tau kev tiv thaiv ntxiv. Tom qab thawj zaug ntxuav, nws saum npoo yog kho nrog roj. Tom qab ntawd cov khoom yog them nrog ib txheej ntawm cov kua roj vanish tshwj xeeb. Yog tias cov ntoo hlawv yuav siv rau kev ua haujlwm sab nraum zoov, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los npog nws nrog cov khoom siv hluavtaws. Nws, nyob rau hauv lem, yuav tsum tau yaj nyob rau hauv turpentine. Qhov no yuav ua rau kom muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov quav ciab ntau zaus.
Kev kho hluav taws kom raug tuaj yeem ua rau lub neej ntawm cov ntoo thiab ua rau nws zoo ib puag ncig. Nws yog noteworthy uas niaj hnub no firing kuj yog siv nyob rau hauv horticulture. Kev kho hluav taws kub ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab ntoo thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav tso cai rau koj kom tshem tau ntau yam kab mob thiab kab tsuag. Tab sis cov cuab yeej tua hluav taws hauv qhov no yog qhov sib txawv kiag li.
