Ntau tus neeg nyiam cog ntoo hauv tsev tau paub txog kab hu ua paj thrips. Qhov no yog kab tsuag. Science paub ntau txhiab ntawm nws ntau yam. Raws li txoj cai, kab noj rau cov qoob loo ua liaj ua teb, tab sis nws feem ntau xaiv cov nroj tsuag ornamental.
Kev piav qhia ntawm kab tsuag
Western California thrips (duab tuaj yeem pom hauv kab lus) yog tus sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg thrips ntawm genus Frankliniella. Lub cev ntev tsis tshaj 1.5 mm. Cov xim yog daj ntseg daj los yog xim av. Lub cev yog elongated, du. Lub palpi yog peb-segmented, lub antennae yim-segmented. Ntug ntawm lub hauv pliaj yog hloov mus rau lub qhov ncauj. Lub qhov ncauj cone yog ib hom piercing-sucking, uas yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab cab ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Hauv cov poj niam, ovipositor yog khoov.
Lub plab, muaj 10 ntu, muaj cov hniav txhuam hniav ntawm yim tergite. Cov ceg ceg luv luv, khiav, ntawm qhov kawg ntawm ob txhais ceg muaj cov npuas-puab suckers. Thrips muaj ib khub nqaim ntev tis nrog taw qhia. Ntawm cov npoo lawv muaj cilia. Ua tsaug rau cov qauv no ntawm tis, thrips tuaj yeem ya los ntawm qhov chaw mus rau qhov chaw hauv kev tshawb nrhiav zaub mov thiab thaum tso qe. Kab qhia kev sib deev dimorphismtus poj niam loj loj.
Kev ua neej thiab kev phom sij
Kab ua rau lub neej zais cia. Sab hnub poob paj thrips yog ib hom polyphagous thiab pub rau ntau tshaj 250 hom nroj tsuag xws li txiv lws suav, kua txob, dib, txiv duaj thiab lettuce. Feem ntau nws tuaj yeem pom ntawm paj: roses, carnations, cyclamens, gerberas. Cov neeg laus nqus kua txiv los ntawm stems, nplooj, paj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Cov kab mob uas nyob hauv thaj chaw sov sov lub caij ntuj no hauv av qhib, kab tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev ruaj khov ntawm Lavxias teb sab frosts. Lawv tos lub caij txias hauv tsev cog khoom, cov larvae nkaum hauv av, thiab cov laus hauv cov seem ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Kev kis kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev xa cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muaj kab mob, cov nroj tsuag ornamental, paj noob thiab zaub qoob loo. Qhov kev txav ze tshaj plaws tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm hloov ntawm thrips ntawm nkawm khau thiab khaub ncaws, lub davhlau los ntawm ib qho chaw nyob sib ze. Cov poj niam nteg lawv cov qe rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov nroj tsuag kom nws tsis yooj yim sua kom paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv. Los ntawm kev txiav cov paj, koj tuaj yeem txav cov kab tsuag hauv tsev lossis mus rau lub tsev cog khoom. Nyob rau lub caij sov sov, thrips raug xaiv los ntawm cov tsev cog khoom thiab kis thoob plaws cheeb tsam.
Kab siv nws lub neej tag nrho ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Thrips (daim duab ntawm nplooj ntawm paj yog nthuav tawm hauv qab no) pub rau nws cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov ntaub so ntswg puas. Lawv, nyob rau hauv lem, loj hlob qeeb qeeb, yields txo, paj thiab nplooj poob tawm, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo poob lawv attractiveness sab nraud. Ib qho cim tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov muaj kab mob parasite ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog tsim ntawm cov dots dub thiab qhuav me ntsis ntawm lub teeb xim ntawm nplooj. Ntawm lwm yam, thrips nqa qee cov kab mob kis. Cov qoob loo tsis muaj zog los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab kab kab muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau tus kab mob pom wilt, uas tuaj yeem rhuav tshem ntau tshaj li ib txhiab hom nroj tsuag.
Reproduction
Thrips yog kab nrog ib nrab metamorphosis. Kev loj hlob yog txiav txim los ntawm cov theem hauv qab no: qe, larva, pronymph, nymph, neeg laus. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm mating, cov poj niam muaj peev xwm nteg mus txog ib puas qe ntawm cov paj, stems, thiab hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Cov qe yog oval, lub teeb, txog 0.2 mm nyob rau hauv loj. Lub sij hawm ntawm nws ripening loj nyob ntawm huab cua kub. Ntawm + 25 ° C, qhov tsim ntawm embryo tshwm sim hauv peb hnub, ntawm 15 ° C - hauv 11 hnub. Thaum yug los, txiv neej larvae tawm ntawm lub qe tsis muaj fertilized.
Tus larva muaj xim daj daj, zoo ib yam li cov xim ntawm cov laus. Cov xeeb ntxwv, raws li txoj cai, yog yug los tib lub sijhawm, hauv ib cheeb tsam koj tuaj yeem soj ntsuam ib pawg ntawm cov kab me me. Cov larvae mus dhau ob theem, tom qab lawv ua tiav lawv nkag mus rau hauv lub pronymph, thiab tom qab ntawd - mus rau hauv nymph. Lawv nkag mus rau hauv av, thiab tom qab ib mus rau peb hnub ib tug neeg laus (imago) tshwm. Nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw zoo, tag nrho tiam kev loj hlob voj voog yuav siv sij hawm 12 hnub. Txog li 15 tiam ntawm tus kab mob tuaj yeem hloov pauv hauv ib xyoos hauv tsev cog khoom.
Thawj cim qhia ntawm tsob ntoo kab mob
Vim qhov tseeb tias kab ua rau txoj kev ua neej tsis pub leej twg paub, nws tsis yog ib txwm muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas thawj foci ntawm cov nroj tsuag cuam tshuam. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov cim qhia tseeb ntawm tus kab mob thrips:
- me me puncture dots ntawm nplooj nplooj qhia tias cab cab haus kua txiv nyob rau hauv cov chaw no;
- qee zaumtsis tsim nyog hloov xim ntawm nplooj kuj qhia tias muaj kab tsuag;
- xim av, xim av thiab nyiaj tuaj yeem pom ntawm nplooj thiab nplooj - cov no yog kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov cab;
- tuag tawm thiab poob ntawm nplooj qhia tias muaj kev mob siab rau cov nroj tsuag;
- deformation ntawm paj, stems, txiv hmab txiv ntoo tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm thrips;
- dub dots thiab nplaum nplaum rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog cov khoom pov tseg ntawm cov kab.
Thrips feem ntau pib ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas tsis nyiam nquag ywg dej thiab txau, vim cov kab tsuag nyiam qhuav, cua sov.
Yog vim li cas rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv tsev
Cov tsos ntawm thrips ntawm cov nroj tsuag sab hauv tsev (ib daim duab ntawm cov kab tsuag tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm) cuam tshuam nrog cov xwm txheej rau lawv cov kev loj hlob thiab nkag mus rau hauv tsev. Xav txog qhov no, koj yuav tsum xyuam xim rau cov hauv qab no:
- Feem ntau lawv nkag mus hauv chav los ntawm lub qhov rais qhib thaum tawm hauv chav. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov tseeb tias thrips tuaj yeem ya mus ntev, lawv tuaj yeem nqa mus rau hauv tsev los ntawm cov cua ntsawj ntshab.
- Koj tuaj yeem kis tau cov paj hauv tsev nrog kab tsuag los ntawm kev yuav tsob ntoo tshiab hauv khw.
- Muab ib pob paj qus rau hauv lub vase, muaj peev xwm muaj kab tsuag coj los rau hauv qhov chaw nyob nrog lawv.
Kev ntsuas ntsuas thaum pom ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv tsev
huab cua sov thiab qhuav ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob phem hauv tsev. Cov kab tsuag muaj peev xwm kis tau cov nroj tsuag loj hlob hauv lub sijhawm luv luv.cov nroj tsuag nyob ze. Ua ntej kho paj cuam tshuam los ntawm thrips, lawv yuav tsum yog:
- Nyob hauv ib chav cais, ntxuav cov neeg laus thiab lawv cov larvae nrog dej sov.
- Yog ua tau, tshem tawm cov txheej saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm cov av thiab sau nrog ib qho tshiab lossis hloov cov nroj tsuag, ntxuav nws cov hauv paus hniav kom huv.
Yuav ua li cas nrog thrips ntawm cov nroj tsuag, xav ntxiv.
kev kho neeg zoo
Yuav kom tshem tau cov kab tsuag hauv tsev, txoj kev maj mam daws cov kab mob yog qhov tsim nyog dua. Lawv tsis muaj peev xwm ua mob rau cov nroj tsuag. Lawv raug pom zoo siv thaum pom thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob:
- Ib tug teaspoon ntawm tws dos los yog qej yog poured rau hauv ib khob dej, insisted rau ib hnub, cov nroj tsuag yog kho nrog cov resulting khoom.
- Cov paj qhuav qhuav yog muab tso rau hauv ib lub liter thawv thiab ncuav nrog dej npau npau. Tom qab ob peb hnub ntawm infusion, cov kua yog lim thiab cov nroj tsuag yog watered nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus.
- 50 g ntawm nplooj tshiab dandelion yog nchuav nrog ib liter dej sov. Tom qab peb teev, cov infusion yog lim thiab cov nroj tsuag cuam tshuam yog txau nrog nws.
- 100 g ntawm chamomile yog nchuav nrog ib liter dej thiab infused rau 10-12 teev. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog lim, me ntsis xab npum yog ntxiv, nplooj thiab qia ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog wiped. Ib hnub tom qab, paj yog dej sov.
- 50 g ntawm paj celandine yog soaked rau ib hnub nyob rau hauv ib liter dej, tom qab uas cov nroj tsuag yog kho nrog ib tug npaj-ua infusion.
- 100 g ntawm cov luam yeeb qhuav yog infused hauv ib liter dej rau 24 teev, ces lim, ntxiv ib liter dej ntxiv thiab cov nroj tsuag muaj kab mob thrips.
Tshuaj
Thaum muaj kab mob loj ntawm cov nroj tsuag, nws raug nquahu kom siv tshuaj tua kab. Lawv yuav rhuav tshem tsis yog cov neeg laus xwb, tab sis kuj ncua cov larvae:
- "Aktara". Ib tug dav-spectrum tus neeg sawv cev, nws yog siv tsis tau tsuas yog rau kev ua cov nroj tsuag nws tus kheej, tab sis kuj rau cov av. Siv tau thaum ntxov ntawm tus kab mob.
- Fitoverm. Ib qho tshuaj uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tawm tsam ntau hom kab tsuag. Rau kev ua, ob ml ntawm cov khoom yog txaus, uas yog diluted nrog ib khob dej.
- Aktellik. Cov tshuaj tua kab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo uas tua cov thrips sai thiab yooj yim. Ib ampoule ntawm cov khoom yog yaj nyob rau hauv ib liter dej, cov nroj tsuag sab hauv tsev yog txau.
- Vermitek. Ib qho kev npaj uas tshem tawm thiab mus tas li tiv thaiv tawm tsam rov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab tsuag. Hauv ib lub thoob dej, dilute ob thiab ib nrab ml ntawm cov khoom thiab kho cov kab mob.
Kev ua cov nroj tsuag yog nqa tawm hauv huab cua qhib lossis hauv qhov chaw muaj cua zoo. Tom qab siv ib yam ntawm cov tshuaj, lub paj yog npog nrog ib lub hnab yas rau ib hnub. Kev kho dua tshiab yog ua tiav tom qab 10 hnub.
Sib ntaus hauv vaj
Thrips yog kab tsuag. Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov kab uas cuam tshuam rau cov qoob loo horticultural, ib qho ntawm peb txoj kev tswj hwm yog siv:
- Tshuaj kho mob. Hauv txhua lub nroog suburban koj tuaj yeem yuav ib qho kev npaj tshwj xeeb:"Karate", "Intavir", "Fitoverm", "Agravertin" thiab lwm yam. Tus neeg sawv cev tau npaj raws li cov lus qhia, cov qoob loo thiab cov av hauv qab lawv raug kho. Tom qab ntawd npog nrog polyethylene rau ib hnub. Yog tias tsim nyog, rov kho dua.
- Biological method. Txoj kev no suav nrog kev siv cov zuam tshwj xeeb tshaj tawm hauv chav kuaj. Txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj peev xwm ua kom puas mus txog ntau pua tus thrips. Txoj kev no zoo heev thiab nyab xeeb.
- Txoj kev ua neeg. Cov kws paub paub gardeners pom zoo kom kho cov nroj tsuag nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm qej los yog dos, vim thrips tsis tuaj yeem sawv nws tsis hnov tsw. Lwm qhov kev xaiv yog muab lub thawv nrog crushed qej los yog turpentine nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag muaj kab mob, npog txhua yam nrog polyethylene.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv thrips los ntawm kev yug me nyuam ntawm orchids lossis lwm yam nroj tsuag sab hauv tsev, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xyuam xim rau cov lus pom zoo hauv qab no:
- txhua hnub nplooj thiab paj stems raug tshuaj xyuas rau thrips kab mob;
- yuav tsum tsis txhob cia cov av ntawm cov nroj tsuag kom qhuav, yog li tsim kom muaj kev zoo siab rau kev yug me nyuam ntawm cov cab;
- thaum yuav lub paj tshiab thawj ob peb hnub, nws muab tso rau hauv ib qho chaw cais thiab saib xyuas cov cim ntawm kab tsuag;
- ib ntus cov nroj tsuag tau kho nrog kev tso dej ntawm celandine lossis luam yeeb kom tshem tawm cov qhua tsis tau caw.
Cov kev cai pheej yig no yuav pab tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv tsev tsis yog nrog thrips xwb, tab sis kuj muaj lwm yam kab mob thiab kab tsuag.
