Tam sim no, tsis yog ib qho kev tsim kho lossis kho tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj kev siv cov fastener xws li thauj tog rau nkoj dowel. Qhov no yog ib feem hlau uas yog twisted, embedded los yog hammered rau hauv ib tug pre-npaj qhov nyob rau hauv ib tug ruaj khov puag.
Cov fasteners no yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kho thiab kho ua haujlwm xws li cov ntsia hlau lossis tus kheej tapping screws. Kev ua lag luam muaj ntau yam khoom zoo sib xws. Lub thauj tog rau nkoj yog dab tsi, hom twg nws muaj thiab siv qhov twg?
keeb kwm me ntsis
Thawj thauj tog rau nkoj dowel tau tsim thiab patented los ntawm engineer D. Rawlings hauv 1913. Thiab xyoo 1958, nws tus npoj yaig German Arthur Fischer tau tsim lub tsho nylon rau cov fasteners. Ua ntej ntawd, ntoo "chops" tau siv.
qhov no yog dab tsi?
Anker yog txhais los ntawm German ua "tsheb thauj mus los". Qhov no yog ib lub ntsiab fastening uas yog tsim los tuav ib tug qauv nyob rau hauv load-bearing puag. Lub fastening ntawm lub thauj tog rau nkoj nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus tshwm sim vim expansion ntawm lub sab nrauv, los ntawm hammering los yog twisting rau lawv.dowel los yog bolt. Cov ntsiab lus zoo li no muab kev sib txuas zoo thiab txhim khu kev qha. Lawv muaj peev xwm tiv taus hnyav heev.
Anchor dowel (GOST 28778-90) muaj ob ntu. Qhov no yog ib qho spacer thiab tsis yog spacer. Thawj tus ua haujlwm. Nws expands nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm hammering los yog twisting thiab yog li muab ib tug txhim khu kev qha fastening. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub thauj tog rau nkoj dowel muaj lub cuff uas tiv thaiv kom tiav rau hauv lub qhov. Nws tuaj yeem zais, muaj qhov sib txawv: puag ncig lossis cylindrical.
Hom thiab kev faib tawm ntawm dowels
Anchor fasteners sib txawv hauv lub hom phiaj, hom kev teeb tsa, cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Kev faib tawm yog yooj yim zoo nkauj. Yog li, raws li lub hom phiaj, thauj tog rau nkoj dowels tau muab faib ua ob hom. Thawj zaug yog teem caij yog vim li cas:
- Rau cov ntaub ntawv (plywood, OSB, GKL, chipboard). Xws li dowels yog nrov hu ua "butterflies" vim lawv cov yam ntxwv zoo. Xws li thauj tog rau nkoj fasteners yog yooj yim rau mounting lub teeb qauv ntawm hollow phab ntsa. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov qauv hnyav ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum siv lub dowel nrog ib qho xov sab nraud. Cov ntsiab lus no tau twisted rau hauv GKL nplooj ntawv thiab tom qab ntawd tuav cov qauv ruaj khov.
- Rau ntxeem tau lossis cellular substrates. Cov no yog hollow cib, cellular blocks, ua npuas ncauj, thiab lwm yam. Cov dowels no yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv mos mos. Lawv muaj qhov txuas ntxiv.
- Rau cov ntaub ntawv tuab tuab. Cov no muaj xws li pob zeb, khoom cib, pob zeb, thiab lwm yam. Hom fasteners rau xws li hauv paustuaj yeem ua los ntawm ob qho tib si hlau thiab yas. Lawv muaj qhov ntev, tsis nthuav dav.
Raws li rau lub hom phiaj ntawm daim ntawv thov, raws li nws, rooj tog, ncej thiab facade dowels txawv. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim nyog yog cov ntsiab lus rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, nyob rau hauv jargon ntawm builders lawv hu ua "mhrooms". Cov hom fasteners no yog ua los ntawm yas. Lawv muaj lub hau dav dav, tsim los txuas cov cua sov-insulating boards rau hauv paus. Facade thiab ncej dowels muaj ib qho elongated, tsis-expansion ib feem. Lawv yog tsim los rau fastening hnyav lug. Lawv feem ntau yog ua los ntawm hlau.
Cov khoom tsim tawm
Cov khoom siv sib txawv tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov khoom siv thauj tog rau nkoj dowel. Tab sis feem ntau nws yog hlau los yog lwm yam alloys thiab yas (nylon, polypropylene, thiab lwm yam). Raws li txoj cai, hlau thauj tog rau nkoj dowel yog siv rau fastening hnyav qauv uas yuav tom qab nqa loads. Cov no tuaj yeem yog qhov rais, qhov rooj lossis cov ntsiab lus ntawm facade systems, nrog rau ntau yam qauv. Steel anchors kuj siv los kho lub hauv paus ntsiab lus. Lawv yog ua los ntawm cov hlau alloy thiab muaj peev xwm tiv taus hnyav.
Plastic thauj tog rau nkoj dowels yog siv thaum mounting cov qauv sib dua. Cov no yog ntau yam khoom los ntawm qhov profile rau GKL. Anchors nrog nylon dowels kuj pom lawv cov niche hauv kev siv hauv tsev. Piv txwv li, lawv yog siv los fasten teeb, ntau yam hniav ntsiab, paintings, linen cords thiab ropes. Nyob rau hauv xws li fastenerscov ntsiab lus ntawm lub kaus mom yog hloov los ntawm hooks, rings thiab lwm yam khoom rau ntau yam kev xav tau. Tib lub sijhawm, cov yas dowels yog siv rau hollow lossis cellular bases.
Txoj kev thauj tog rau nkoj los ntawm hom kev teeb tsa
Lawv sib txawv:
- Nyiaj txais. Anchor fasteners, uas yog tsim los rau hnyav loads. Mounted nyob rau hauv lub thav duab ntawm lub tsev los yog phab ntsa thaum nws tsim.
- Txoj kev. Fastening hlau knot, uas kuj yog tsim los rau hnyav loads. Nrov nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho, xov thiab kho cov hauj lwm. Nws yog mounted vim muaj kev sib txhuam quab yuam ntawm lub ntsiab ntsia tau rau hauv cov qauv (lub tes tsho los yog lub nplhaib caij nplooj ntoos hlav), nthuav dav los ntawm kev txhais lus txav ntawm lub bolt.
- Nyob. Fastens qhov chaw rau hauv paus. Nws muaj ib tug hlau pas nrig nrog ib tug spacer: ib tug coupling, ib tug conical tail thiab ib tug txiv ntseej.
- Drive. Cov dowels no siv cov ntsia hlau nrog cov ntawv tshwj xeeb uas tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob tawm mus.
- Frame. Xws li lub thauj tog rau nkoj dowel yog siv rau fastening yas thiab ntoo thav duab. Qhov no yog lub teeb version ntawm lub fastener nrog lub taub hau tshwj xeeb uas tso cai rau koj los kho cov qauv fastening nrog lub hauv paus.
Nyob rau hauv mounting
Txoj kev no yog siv los txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm Qhov chaw rau txoj kev no yuav tsum muaj me me (luv) spacer. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov cai tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev teeb tsa los ntawm lub qhov. Lub thauj tog rau nkoj dowel yuav tsum ntev li 2/3 ntawm nws nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus, thiab 1/3 yog nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm tus qauv. Txwv tsis pub, txoj kev teeb tsa no tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.
pre-mounting method
qhov kev xaiv no suav nrog kev txhim kho lub dowel hauv lub hauv paus rau qhov ntev. Mounting ntawm fasteners yog ua nyob rau hauv pre-drilled qhov. Nws txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum phim lub cheeb ntawm dowel. Ntev - 3-5 mm ntev. Xws li cov npoo yog xav tau kom cov plua plav thiab chips uas tsim thaum lub sij hawm drilling tsis tiv thaiv cov dowel los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv nws.
