Lub rafter yog ib feem ntawm lub ru tsev txhawb nqa uas tsis yog siv rau hauv ib daim ntawv, tab sis yog siv los ua cov qauv truss. Qhov no muaj xws li ntsug racks, inclined rafter ob txhais ceg thiab inclined struts. Yog tias tsim nyog, cov rafters tau ntxiv dag zog rau hauv qab mus rau rafter beams.
Dab tsi yog rafter
Lub rafter yog lub hauv paus ntawm tag nrho cov system, nws muaj inclined struts, inclined rafter ob txhais ceg thiab ntsug racks. Kev them nyiaj yug yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ntoo chopped vaj tse ntawm lub crowns. Tab sis yog hais tias peb tab tom tham txog cov tsev thav duab, ces qhov kev txhawb nqa yog ua los ntawm cov hlua khi los ntawm saum toj no, thaum nyob hauv cov tsev pob zeb lawv tau nruab rau ntawm Mauerlat, uas yog cov tuav nrog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 160 hli. Mauerlat tuaj yeem nyob raws qhov ntev ntawm lub tsev lossis tsuas yog nyob hauv qab rafter ceg. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thaum lub rafter ceg muaj ib feem ntawm insignificant dav, lub ntsiab sag dhau sij hawm. Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov tshwm sim no, koj yuav tsum siv lub lattice uas muajstruts, racks thiab crossbars.
Rau struts thiab crossbars, cov laug cam yog siv, qhov dav ntawm qhov yuav yog 150 hli, thaum lub thickness yog 25 hli. Txhawm rau txhim kho lub rafter ceg, ib qho puff yog siv uas txuas rau sab qis ntawm cov ceg rafter. Thaum zawv zawg raws qhov nruj, qhov kawg ntawm lub caij yuav ua txhaum txoj kev ncaj ncees. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob ntog, rafter ceg yuav tsum tau ntxiv dag zog nrog lub puff los ntawm kev txiav. Cov rafters yuav tsum yog 400 hli ntawm ntug.
Yuav tsum siv
Txhua yam no yog siv los muab lub ru tsev zoo ntawm kev ruaj ntseg thaum raug cov khoom hnyav. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lub ru tsev tau txais cov khoom ntawm kev ntseeg tau, thiab cov rafters hloov cov khoom thauj los ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm tag nrho cov kab ke thiab cov daus mus rau kev txhawb nqa sab hauv ntawm lub tsev. Yog tias lub tsev muaj qhov me me, ces cov rafters yuav tsum tau siv. Yog tias tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa nruab nrab, ces yuav tsum siv cov qauv dai rafter.
Qhov twg siv rafters
Rafter yog ib feem uas yog ib feem ntawm ib tug loj system rau ntxiv dag zog rau lub ru tsev. Nyob ntawm seb tus qauv tsim lub ru tsev yuav muaj dab tsi, cov tshuab truss sib txawv tau siv. Hauv kev tsim kho niaj hnub no, qee qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau rafters thiab vov tsev feem ntau, ntawm lawv:
- practicality;
- qis qis thiab tsim nqi;
- durability;
- zog;
- easy to install;
- functionality; kev zoo nkauj.
Lub rafter yog ib qho khoom siv uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lean-to, ob-pitched thiab sloping ru tsev. Cov ntsiab lus no kuj muaj nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev ntawm Sudeikin. Hauv thawj kis, rafters nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kab teeb yog siv, lawv cov kev txhawb nqa yog nqa tawm ntawm phab ntsa, feem ntau qhov no tso cai rau lub ru tsev siv. Lub ru tsev qauv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsum tau pre-tsim, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv no txoj kev nws yuav muaj peev xwm mus faib lub load ntawm lub ru tsev siv. Lub rafter, lub ntsiab lus uas tau hais nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm, kuj tseem siv tau nyob rau hauv ib lub ru tsev gable, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no lub system muaj triangular trusses, uas yog nyob rau ntawm ib tug tej lub kaum sab xis. Ob txhais ceg yuav tsum nyob rau ntawm Mauerlat, thaum lawv tseem muaj nruab nrog crossbars thiab stretch marks.
Yog tias muaj lub siab xav tawm qhov chaw rau kev teeb tsa lub tsev pheeb suab, ces yuav tsum tau ua ib lub ru tsev sloping, lub rafter system uas yuav nyuaj dua. Hauv qhov no, ntau hom rafters siv ib zaug. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias Sudeikin lub ru tsev tsim yog heev qub thiab txaus nyiam. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub rafters yog interconnected, tsim plaub daim duab peb sab slopes. Qhov system no haum rau cov haujlwm square.
Dab tsi yog rafter hais txog kev tsim qauv
Koj tuaj yeem tsim lub ru tsev koj tus kheej. Cov rafters nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav inclined. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub Upper node yog tsau nrog ib tug pob khawm, thiab lub qis ib tug nrog ib tug floating kev twb kev txuas. Xws li tsim ntawm rafters nyob rau hauv daim ntawvprofile systems feem ntau hu ua non-thrust. Hauv qhov system no, tsis muaj kev hloov tsheb thauj mus rau Mauerlat. Txoj kev sib txuas yog ua kom nruj raws li qhov ua tau, Mauerlat tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm pob khawm. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, thawb quab yuam yog pauv mus rau phab ntsa. Cov kab ke no, uas ua ke nrog dai thiab txheej rafters, tseem hu ua hybrid. Load redistribution yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm qhov system no. Qhov hnyav ntawm lub ru tsev yog coj los ntawm ob txhais ceg ntawm rafters, uas tau koom nrog qhov kawg-rau-kawg thiab ua haujlwm hauv kev khoov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub nqaj nqaj tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb, vim nws yuav luag tsis muaj zog.
rau kev siv
Lub spacer rafters, cov duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm, yuav tsum tau nruab rau hauv tus account qhov zoo ntawm kev sib txuas bolted. Ua ntej, qhov yuav tsum tau drilled nyob rau hauv cov khoom, lub cheeb ntawm uas yuav tsum yog ib millimeter me dua lub cheeb ntawm lub bolt los yog stud. Yog hais tias lawv loj heev, ces thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm Mauerlat tej zaum yuav puas.
xaiv khoom
Lo lus rafter tau paub niaj hnub no rau txhua tus tsim, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus tswv hauv tsev paub txog dab tsi yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws los siv rau kev tsim cov khoom hauv lub ru tsev. Lub hauv paus tej zaum yuav yog ntoo, monolithic reinforced pob zeb los yog hlau. Cov tom kawg yog galvanized los yog hlau, hauv thawj rooj plaub nws muaj peev xwm tau txais cov qauv teeb. Thaum xaiv cov khoom siv, cov kws tshaj lij qhia kom ua tib zoo saib lub hom phiaj ntawm lub tsev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, yuav tsum muajqhov kev cia siab loads ntawm lub ru tsev kuj raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Ntoo rafters yog siv feem ntau; rau qhov no, zoo-zoo glued beams los yog cov khoom ntoo raug xaiv. Rau kev ua haujlwm, koj yuav xav tau tsis yog tsuas yog ntoo, tab sis kuj yog cov cuab yeej siv ntoo, nrog rau cov fasteners. Yog tias koj txiav txim siab siv cov ntoo laminated nplaum, ces nws yuav tsum muaj qhov dav li ntawm 12 txog 18 m, tab sis cov cav ntoo thiab cov laug cam tuaj yeem muaj qhov tsim.
