Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev loj hlob horticultural thiab horticultural qoob loo, tus neeg ua teb txhua xyoo ntsib qee yam kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau qhov kawg sau. Ntawm tag nrho cov ntau haiv neeg, kuj muaj ib tug sooty fungus. Nws yog dab tsi? Kev tswj hwm thiab kev tiv thaiv tau nthuav tawm hauv qab no.
Definition
Soot fungus yog ib hom pwm fungus uas tsim los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm nectar lossis natural secretions ntawm aphids, nplai kab thiab lwm yam kab tsuag. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, ib qho fungus pib tsim, cov spores uas ib txwm nyob hauv av.
Cov nplooj cuam tshuam zoo li lawv tau npog nrog txheej txheej, muab tus kab mob nws lub npe. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, maj mam txhim kho, cov fungus sooty tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis tsuas yog cov nplooj, tab sis txawm tias cov ceg thiab pob tw ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Kev phom sij yog dab tsi?
Soot fungus ntawm cucumbers los yog lwm yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub qoob loo tsis txaus ntshai nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej, tab sis nws clogs lub pores ntawm nplooj, yog li cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem ua pa, vim hais tias cov nroj tsuag tsim tsis muaj oxygen. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov fungus tsis zoo cuam tshuam rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov nroj tsuag, uas nyob rau hauv lem contributes rau nws tuag. Yog tias koj tsis daws qhov teeb meem kis tau raws sijhawm, koj tuaj yeem poob cov nroj tsuag sai sai.
Yog vim li cas thiaj pom
Cov kab mob ntawm cov fungus dub yeej ib txwm nyob hauv av, lawv tuaj yeem nyab xeeb lub caij ntuj no hauv qab cov ntoo, tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau kab lis kev cai. Tus kab mob no pib tshwm sim vim muaj ntau cov khoom pov tseg thiab tso tawm cov kab mob xws li aphids, larch, mealybugs.
Lawv yog chaw yug me nyuam rau tus kab mob thiab ua rau nws tsaug zog. Nws yog vim li no, cov neeg paub txog gardeners pom zoo kom sib ntaus tsis yog tsuas yog cov kab mob fungus, tab sis kuj cov kab tsuag uas tsim ib qho chaw yug me nyuam rau nws.
Kev txhim kho kab mob
Kab mob fungal tshwm thiab txhim kho sai heev. Sooty plaque tuaj yeem kuaj pom tau ob peb lub lis piam tom qab cov nroj tsuag kis kab mob. Hauv nroog cog qoob loo, niello tsim yuav luag tam sim ntawd tom qab nplooj tawm hauv lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav. Sooty fungus ntawm txiv lws suav thiab lwm yam cultivated nroj tsuag loj hlob sai heev nyob rau hauv lub ambient kub, peaking nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov kub tshaj lub hlis - Lub Xya hli ntuj thiab Lub yim hli ntuj.
Vim cov nroj tsuag cov metabolism, ua pa thiab photosynthesis cuam tshuam vim kev puas tsuaj, nws sai sai qhuav thiab tuag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov qoob loo txhua xyoo.
Kev kho mob
Nyob hauv vaj, xws liTxoj kev tswj cov kab mob fungus:
- Tshem tawm cov nplooj cuam tshuam. Cov txheej txheem siv tau zoo nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob, thaum tsis muaj ntau qhov cuam tshuam. Tom qab tshem tawm, lawv yuav tsum tau muab hlawv kom deb ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov qoob loo cog qoob loo kom tiv thaiv kev kis tus kab mob mus rau cov nroj tsuag noj qab haus huv.
- Txau nrog Bordeaux kua ntawm qhov concentration ntawm 1%. Rau qhov no, cov tshuaj tsuag zoo tib yam tuaj yeem siv tau, yog tias thaj chaw kho mob me me, thiab cov tshuaj tua kab hauv vaj, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev tsim khoom siab.
- Txau nrog 1% kev daws ntawm tooj liab sulphate kuj qeeb thiab nres kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob fungus ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
- Nws kho tsis tau ib tsob nroj uas cuam tshuam yam tsis tau rhuav tshem cov kab tsuag uas ua rau cov kab mob fungus tshwm. Rau qhov no, siv tshuaj xws li Calypso, Fitover, Fitosporin.
- Tshuaj nrog tooj liab-xov xab npum sib tov. Txhawm rau npaj nws, koj yuav xav tau 5 g ntawm tooj liab sulfate, 150 g ntawm xab npum ntxhua khaub ncaws 72% grated on ib tug nplua grater, 10 liv dej. Txhua yam yuav tsum tau tov kom txog thaum lub vitriol thiab xab npum yog yaj tag, thiab tom qab ntawd kho cov nroj tsuag nrog rab phom tsuag.
- Txhawm rau tua cov kab mob hauv av, nws raug nquahu kom nchuav dej kub ncig cov nroj tsuag thiab tom qab ntawd npog nrog zaj duab xis. Siv txoj kev no, koj yuav tsum ceev faj heev, vim tias koj tuaj yeem ua rau cov hauv paus hniav thiab qia ntawm cov nroj tsuag tau yooj yim puas tsuaj nrog dej kub.
- Txau nrog dej qab zib thiab 72% tso caintxhua khaub ncaws soap.
Kev kho raws sijhawm tuaj yeem cawm cov vaj nroj tsuag kom tsis txhob tuag.
ntsuas kev tiv thaiv
Yuav kom tsis txhob muaj kev kho mob rau cov kab mob fungal, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum koom nrog kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov kev ntsuas hauv qab no siv rau qhov no:
Y Prophylactic txau ntawm cov nroj tsuag nrog "Fitosporin", "Calypso" thiab lwm yam tshuaj tua kab mob. Nws yog feem ntau nqa tawm nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum thawj nplooj tshwm, thiab tseem nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj sov, thaum muaj feem ntau ntawm cov kab mob fungal
- Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev kis tus kab mob, nws yuav tsum tau txiav cov nplooj uas muaj kab mob raws sijhawm thiab hlawv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub.
- Lub caij nplooj zeeg, ua ntej cog, koj tuaj yeem kho cov av thiab cov cuab yeej vaj nrog kev daws ntawm tooj liab sulfate.
- Nws raug pom zoo kom hloov chaw ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov qoob loo sib txawv txhua xyoo, qhov no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tsis yog rau cov qoob loo tom ntej, tab sis kuj txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm ntau yam kab mob, suav nrog cov kab mob fungal.
- Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov kab mob fungal, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob overmoisten cov av, nrog rau nyias nyias cov ntoo ntoo.
Cov kab mob fungus cuam tshuam tsis tsuas yog cov nroj tsuag hauv vaj, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov nroj tsuag hauv tsev, yog li thaum yuav lub paj tshiab, koj yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv ob lub lis piam cais hauv lwm chav. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas cov nroj tsuag cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab mob uas tuaj yeem kis mus rau kev noj qab haus huvpaj.
Kuj tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntau yam kab mob, suav nrog cov kab mob fungal, nquag tshuaj xyuas cov xwm txheej ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Qhov no yuav pab txheeb xyuas qhov teeb meem raws sijhawm thiab daws nws thaum pib ntawm kev txhim kho.
Nyob hauv lub vaj, cov nroj tsuag uas loj hlob nruab nrab ntawm lub txaj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tshem tawm, vim lawv tuaj yeem ua rau kab tsuag.
Rau cov kab mob niello me me, qee zaum nws txaus los tshem tawm cov nplooj dub lossis tsuas yog ntxuav tawm cov kua qaub.
Kev xaiv ntau yam
Yuav kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntsuas kub ntxhov los tiv thaiv cov kab mob fungal, nws raug nquahu kom ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov qoob loo uas tiv taus cov kab mob fungal:
- Pears: "thaum ntxov ripening ntawm Michurinsk", "allegro", " sawv ntxov freshness", "hera", "Yakovlevskaya".
- Cherry: "chocolate girl", "Turgenevka", "minx", "novella", "toy".
- Apple ntoo: cypress, lungwort, aphrodite, hnub, antonovka.
- Txiv lws suav: Resonance, Dwarf, Perseus, Txiv kab ntxwv Miracle, Tatyana.
- Peaches: Volcano T-1, Harbinger, Royal Glory, Qab Zib Nplhaib, Fidelia.
- Grapes: Victoria, Dawb Delight, Arcadia, Laura, Cardinal.
- Strawberry: "torpedo", "Queen Elizabeth II", "Honet", "Tsarskoye Selo".
- qos yaj ywm: Bronitsky, Alena, Daus Dawb, Redus, Temp.
- Blackcurrant: Gulliver, Lazybones, Dashkovskaya, Centaur, Mila.
- Redcurrant: Asya, Valentinovka, Pink Muscat,"commemorative", "cascade", "siab dav"
- Gooseberries: "non-slukhovsky", "malachite", "caij nplooj ntoos hlav", "isabella", "Lavxias teb sab liab", "Lavxias teb sab yellow", "kazachok"
- Cucumbers: "tus neeg sib tw", "delicacy", "Nezhinsky", "tus tub ntawm tub rog", "whim", "bunny", "tanya".
Yog tias koj yuav ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub qoob loo uas tiv taus cov kab mob fungal, koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov kab mob fungal ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Zoo kawg
Soot fungus yog ib yam kab mob txaus ntshai rau cov nroj tsuag, vim nws ua rau lawv lub neej zoo heev. Txawm hais tias qhov kev tswj xyuas tau yooj yim heev, nws tuaj yeem nyuaj rau kho cov nroj tsuag vim tias cov kab mob fungal kis tau sai heev.
