Systemic insecticides: nws yog dab tsi, mechanism ntawm kev txiav txim, npe ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab lawv cov lus piav qhia

Cov txheej txheem:

Systemic insecticides: nws yog dab tsi, mechanism ntawm kev txiav txim, npe ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab lawv cov lus piav qhia
Systemic insecticides: nws yog dab tsi, mechanism ntawm kev txiav txim, npe ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab lawv cov lus piav qhia

Video: Systemic insecticides: nws yog dab tsi, mechanism ntawm kev txiav txim, npe ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab lawv cov lus piav qhia

Video: Systemic insecticides: nws yog dab tsi, mechanism ntawm kev txiav txim, npe ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab lawv cov lus piav qhia
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Ua ntej tus neeg cog qoob loo tuaj yeem sau cov qoob loo uas tos ntev, nws yuav tsum tau nrog ntau yam kab tsuag uas ua rau qhov tsis zoo thiab txo cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Hmoov tsis zoo, tsis tsuas yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo qoob loo, tab sis kuj zoo nkauj sawv daws yuav raug kev tawm tsam txhua xyoo. Kab noj rau nplooj, nroj tsuag kua txiv, uas ho spoils lub tsos ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, nrog rau tus kab mob muaj zog, tsob ntoo tuaj yeem tuag.

systemic tshuaj tua kab
systemic tshuaj tua kab

Cov tshuaj tua kab kab yog siv los txuag cov qoob loo thiab zoo nkauj ntawm cov nroj tsuag ornamental, uas txo cov pej xeem ntawm cov kab tsuag hauv vaj. Tib lub sijhawm, nyob ntawm cov tshuaj nquag, lawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau ib lossis ntau hom kab ib zaug.

Ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo yog tias qee hom tshuaj tua kab tuaj yeem pab tshem tawm cov nroj tsuag. Herbicides nkag mus rau cov nroj tsuag thiab hlawv nws mus rau hauv paus. Thaum siv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob sib cuag nrog cov qoob loo cog qoob loo.

Ntau hom tshuaj tua kab los ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg

Systemic insecticide yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov chaw kuaj tshuaj raws li cov organictshuaj. Lawv cov tshuaj toxicity tso cai rau lawv mus rau tshuaj lom kab los ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau lub plab zom mov thiab lub cev muaj zog. Cov hom tshuaj tua kab ntau tshaj plaws yog:

  1. tshuaj tua kab Organochlorine yog tau los ntawm chlorinating kua hydrocarbons. Muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm hmoov thiab roj emulsions. Guaranteed kev tuag ntawm kab tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 7 hnub tom qab kev kho mob ntawm cov nroj tsuag los ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau nws lub paj hlwb. Txawm hais tias lawv ua haujlwm tau zoo, lawv muaj qhov tsis zoo loj - muaj tshuaj lom rau tib neeg thiab ib puag ncig. Tam sim no tsis tshua siv.
  2. Organophosphate npaj yog ether cawv ntawm phosphoric acid. Qhov zoo muaj xws li dav spectrum ntawm kev ua - cov khoom ua kom puas feem ntau kab. Ntawm qhov tsis txaus, kev ua rau tib neeg raug muab sau tseg, yog li cov hnab looj tes tiv thaiv thiab lub npog ntsej muag yuav tsum tau siv thaum txau.
  3. systemic tshuaj tua kab
    systemic tshuaj tua kab
  4. Pyrethroids yog tsom rau kev puas tsuaj rau cov kab mob hauv lub paj hlwb, ua rau tuag taus. Lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb kiag li rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj txhu. Lawv qhov tsis zoo yog tias nrog kev siv ntev ntev lawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob, ua rau txo qis hauv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj.

Cov tshuaj tua kab kab yog nrov rau lawv qhov yooj yim ntawm kev siv thiab ua haujlwm siab, tab sis xav tau qee qhov kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb ntawm tib neeg.

Kev faib tawm los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv lub cev

Cov tshuaj tua kab tuaj yeem nkag muskab kab mob sib txawv. Qee cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm ua ke ntau txoj hauv kev. Ntau yam raws li txoj kev nkag mus yog raws li hauv qab no:

  1. Cov tshuaj tua kab kab mob nkag mus rau kab los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog lub cev. Cov kev npaj zoo li no tseem siv tau txog thaum thawj los nag. Ntawm qhov shortcomings, gardeners nco ntsoov qhov tsis muaj kev txiav txim ntawm kab larvae.
  2. Cov hnyuv muaj qhov ua haujlwm nrawm: nkag mus rau hauv lub plab zom mov, lawv yuav luag tam sim ntawd ua rau tuag los ntawm kev lom. Feem ntau muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke nrog kev sib cuag ntawm plab hnyuv, uas nkag mus tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm lub qhov ncauj, tab sis kuj los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog lub cev.
  3. Systemic insecticide muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov nroj tsuag sai sai. Yog li ntawd, xws li kev npaj yog ywj siab ntawm huab cua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv muaj peev xwm kis tsis tau tsuas yog kab uas pub rau nplooj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo los yog buds, tab sis kuj cov kab tsuag uas parasitize nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag.
systemic tshuaj tua kab
systemic tshuaj tua kab

Kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob pab txuag tau txog 95% ntawm cov qoob loo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

Kev faib tawm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm spectrum

Cov hom hauv qab no yog qhov txawv raws li qhov kev ua haujlwm:

  1. Xaiv - siv tau los tawm tsam ib hom kab tsuag tshwj xeeb. Cov tsiaj kuj suav nrog tshuaj tiv thaiv zuam thiab helminths uas kis tau cov nroj tsuag.
  2. Thiab ua haujlwm - tsom rau pab pawg kev puas tsuaj ntawm ntau hom kab.

Qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov tshuaj yog nyob ntawm qhov xav tautus neeg ua vaj. Qee cov tshuaj tsis muaj teeb meem rau cov muv, uas suav tias yog cov kab muaj txiaj ntsig, vim lawv pab pollinate horticultural qoob loo.

systemic insecticides rau conifers
systemic insecticides rau conifers

Yam tshuaj los ntawm lub hom phiaj kev lag luam

Kev siv tau yooj yim, cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau lub vaj kuj tau muab faib raws li lawv lub hom phiaj kev lag luam. Lawv muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov cuam tshuam rau cov kab thiab hauv cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg. Muaj cov nyiaj hauv qab no:

  1. Pheromones yog cov khoom uas nyiam cov kab, raws li lawv tau tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tso tawm kom nyiam cov kab ntawm cov poj niam sib txawv. Cov ntxiab no muaj peev xwm ua kom puas tsuaj loj ntawm kab ntawm qee hom.
  2. Insectoacaricides muaj cov kab mob tuag tes tuag taw rau cov zuam thiab lwm yam kab. Qhov tsis zoo yog qhov ua tsis zoo rau tib neeg lub paj hlwb. Cov tsiaj no yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom tiv thaiv thaum ua cov nroj tsuag.
  3. Ovicides tsuas yog cuam tshuam cov qe kab thiab tsis muaj mob rau lwm theem ntawm lub neej voj voog.
  4. Aficides yog siv los rhuav tshem txhua yam ntawm aphids.
  5. Larvicides yog tsim los tua kab ntawm theem larval.
  6. Repellents yog cov tshuaj tua kab uas tsis tua kab, tab sis lawv cov ntxhiab tsw ua kom pom tseeb tias cov nroj tsuag tsis tuaj yeem noj. Siv los ntawm cov neeg ua teb rau kev tiv thaiv.
vaj systemic insecticides list
vaj systemic insecticides list

Feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj muaj tshuaj lom heev, yog li cov kws tshaj lij tsis pom zoo siv lawv tshwj tsis yog tias muaj kev xav tau tshwj xeeb rauraws li kev tiv thaiv.

Zoo tshaj tshuaj tua kab

Daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj tua kab kab mob rau lub vaj yog ntev - rau txhua tsob nroj, ib qho kev npaj tshwj xeeb yog siv los cuam tshuam cov kab uas parasitizes hom qoob loo no. Cov kev npaj hauv qab no tsim nyog tshwj xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua teb:

  • "Decis Lux", "Aktara", "Bi-58", "Zolon", "Lufox" - siv rau cov ntoo txiv ntoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov txiv apples, pears thiab cherries;
  • "Aktellik", "Apollo", "Bi-58 Tshiab", "Varant", "Nissoran", "Omayt", "Ortus" - npaj rau tshuaj tsuag vineyards;
  • "Vertimek", "Karate" - rau dib, taub dag thiab carrots;
  • "Voliam Flexi", "Danadim Mix", "Engio", "Confidor Maxi" - rau txiv lws suav;
  • "Reldan", "Helikovex" - rau tswb kua txob;
  • "Ratibor", "Karate Zeon" - rau eggplant;
  • "Antizhuk", "Calypso", "Matador", "Mospilan", "Fastak", "Fury" - yog siv los tswj cov kab ntawm qos yaj ywm, tshwj xeeb nrog Colorado qos beetle;
  • "Greenforth", "Douglas", "Marsh", "Nurel D", "Pirinex Supper", "Sumition" - yog siv rau cov qoob loo cereal, suav nrog rau kev ua liaj teb loj;
  • "Arrivo", "Fufanon" - rau gourds (melon,melon);
  • "Vertimex", "Force", "Omite" - rau strawberries.

Daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj tua kab kab mob no yog siv ob qho tib si hauv kev lag luam ntiag tug thiab hauv kev lag luam. Koj yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj uas tsim nyog rau ib kab lis kev cai, raws li lawv yog tsom rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm ib hom kab mob tshwj xeeb.

Kev cuam tshuam rau cov nroj tsuag thiab ecology

Thaum kho cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv qhov chaw zoo (tsim huab cua zoo, tsis muaj nag lossis daus, huab cua nyob nruab nrab), tag nrho cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab tsis ua rau cov nroj tsuag. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua qhov kev sim kho cov nroj tsuag nrog kev npaj tshuaj muaj kev ntxhov siab rau nws. Yog tias qhov ntau npaum li cas raug xam kom raug, cov tshuaj txhawb cov metabolism hauv cov nroj tsuag, qee zaum tsim kev tiv thaiv rau qee yam kab tsuag.

Cov tshuaj tua kab hauv av muaj cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo uas yog neutralized tom qab 10 lub lis piam. Lawv kuj muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov ntses, kab muaj txiaj ntsig (tshwj xeeb yog muv), thiab tsiaj txhu hauv tsev. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsuag tawm ntawm apiaries, pas dej thiab pastures.

Thaum ua cov nroj tsuag

Txhua yam tshuaj muaj cov lus qhia siv. nyob rau hauv uas ntau npaum yog qhia nyob rau hauv kom meej, raws li zoo raws li tej yam kev mob rau tshuaj tsuag. Cov kev cai rau kev ua qoob loo horticultural yog raws li nram no:

  • nws tsim nyog xav txog theem ntawm lub neej voj voog ntawm kab thaum xaiv cov tshuaj tua kab - nws lig dhau rau cov neeg laus siv ovicites, uas tsuas yog ua rau qe;
  • thaum ua tiav nrog ntau yam tshuaj, nws tsim nyog xav txog lawv qhov sib xws,vim yog siv tsis raug, tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov nroj tsuag;
  • kev kho mob tsis ua raws li kev tiv thaiv - tsuas yog thaum pom thawj cov tsos mob ntawm qhov txhab;
  • txau yuav tsum tau nres thaum lub sij hawm flowering ntawm cov nroj tsuag - qhov no tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo thiab kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm cov qoob loo rau qhov phem;
  • kawg ntawm kev txau tshwm sim 40-45 hnub ua ntej sau qoob, vim tias tshuaj tua kab tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg lub cev.

Rau qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws, kev kho mob yuav tsum tau ua thaum huab cua qhuav, txias, thaum yav tsaus ntuj.

daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj tua kab systemic
daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj tua kab systemic

Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob khiav cov tshuaj los ntawm nplooj thiab ua raws li cov lus qhia los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom.

Txoj kev kho tshuaj tua kab

Muaj ntau yam tshuaj kho tau zoo uas tau siv dav hauv horticulture. Cov no suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

  1. Txau tag nrho saum npoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag nrog cov tshuaj aqueous ntawm cov tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb yog siv - rab phom txau nrog lub hose ntev kom ncav cuag cov ceg ntoo. Nws yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tua kab. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau cov ntoo txiv ntoo yog siv los ntawm kev txau tshuaj.
  2. Pollination nrog cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hmoov, nrog rau txoj kev no cov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj yog tau, uas guarantees nws cov hauj lwm zoo.
  3. Los ntawm faus granules hauv av, koj tuaj yeem tawm tsamParasite larvae uas loj hlob hauv av.
  4. Fumigation - tshuaj tsuag tshuaj tshaj cov qoob loo cog qoob loo hauv daim ntawv ntawm chav.
  5. Soaking noob nyob rau hauv ib tug aqueous tov ntawm tshuaj tua kab yuav tshem tawm ntawm microscopic kab qe.

Tus qauv yog xaiv tus kheej thiab nyob ntawm qhov xav tau thiab lub peev xwm ntawm tus neeg ua teb.

Systemic insecticides rau cov nroj tsuag sab hauv tsev

Txawm hais tias cov nroj tsuag sab hauv tsev tsis tshua muaj kev puas tsuaj rau kab ntau dua li cov nroj tsuag vaj, qhov no tshwm sim. Qe los yog larvae ntawm parasites tuaj yeem nrog cov av los yog dej rau kev siv dej. Cov tshuaj hauv qab no yog siv los rhuav tshem lawv:

  • "Aktara" - tshuaj npaj nrog cov khoom xyaw nquag thiamethoxam, uas rhuav tshem cov kab tsuag xws li thrips, kab kab, nplai kab, aphids. Tsis zoo tiv thaiv zuam.
  • "Akarin" - ib yam khoom uas tua kab xws li sawflies, leafworms, codling moths, thrips, aphids. Cov tshuaj tsis ua qias tuaj rau hauv av thiab tawg sai sai hauv qab dej.
  • "Bazudin" muaj txiaj ntsig tiv thaiv kab hauv txhua theem ntawm lub neej voj voog. Nws yog siv rau cov av thaum hloov cov nroj tsuag, nrog rau qhov chaw ntawm cov av thaum kuaj pom muaj kab mob.
  • Ntsuab xab npum siv tau los tawm tsam cov kab tsuag, slobbers, thrips, nplai kab. Vim nws muaj pes tsawg leeg, nws raug suav hais tias yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv ib puag ncig.
  • "Inta-Vir" muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj, uas yog diluted nyob rau hauv dej ntawm tus nqi ntawm 1 ntsiav tshuaj ib 10 liv dej. Lub resulting daws yog sprayed on nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Txog li 3 txoj kev kho mob tautshuaj kom txog rau thaum kev puas tsuaj tag ntawm cov pej xeem kab.
  • "Spark" muaj txiaj ntsig tiv thaiv kab kab, kab kab, kab tsis tseeb, kab laug sab. Cov tshuaj no suav hais tias yog qhov xwm txheej txaus ntshai rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj, yog li ntawd, tom qab ua tiav, cov tsiaj thiab menyuam yaus yuav tsum tsis txhob tso cai nyob ze ntawm tsob ntoo.

Cov tshuaj tua kab kab mob no rau cov nroj tsuag sab hauv tsev kuj tseem siv tau rau cov qoob loo horticultural, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau ua raws li qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov khoom lag luam. Yog ua tau, xaiv cov khoom uas tsis muaj teeb meem rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj.

Kev npaj rau cov nroj tsuag coniferous

Kab kab kab mob coniferous nroj tsuag tsis tsawg tshaj li lub vaj. Vim li no, cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau cov kab mob yog siv los ntawm cov neeg ua teb uas tiv thaiv qhov zoo nkauj ntawm qhov chaw.

tiv tauj systemic insecticide
tiv tauj systemic insecticide

Cov chaw cuam tshuam ntawm tsob ntoo pib daj, koob tawg, paj dawb tshwm rau lawv? Qhov no qhia tias muaj kab tsuag. Cov tshuaj hauv qab no feem ntau siv:

  • "Confidor", "Mospilan", "Calypso" - tawm tsam juniper aphids.
  • "Aktara", "Engio" - zoo tawm tsam European juniper nplai kab. Txhawm rau kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua, kev kho mob yog nqa tawm rau 14 hnub nrog zaus ntawm 1 zaug hauv 2-3 hnub nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj.
  • "Caesar", "Nurel-D", "Aktelik" - yog siv los rhuav tshem Oregon flatworm mite, uas parasitizes ntawm txhua hom nroj tsuag coniferous. Cov tshuaj siv tsawg kawg yog 3 zaug nrog ib ntus10-11 hnub.
  • "Bazudin", "Thunder", "Medvetoks", "Antikhrushch" tau tshem tawm cov pej xeem ntawm marbled beetle ntawm txhua theem ntawm kev loj hlob (los ntawm larva mus rau cov neeg laus). Lwm txoj kev tuaj yeem ua mulching nrog ntoo thuv bark, uas tiv thaiv poj niam kab los ntawm kev tso qe nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus cheeb tsam ntawm ib tug coniferous nroj tsuag.

Thaum ua cov tshuaj, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account cov lus pom zoo los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom qhia ntawm pob. Kev noj tshuaj kom raug yuav tua cov kab mob cab tsis ua mob rau cov nroj tsuag.

Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov chaw me me thiab cov av noo siab yog cov tshuaj txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab tsuag hauv lub vaj. Txhawm rau zam lawv qhov kev tawm tsam, koj yuav tsum xub xyuas kom meej ib txwm muaj rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov qoob loo cog qoob loo.

siv cov tshuaj tua kab kom raug, ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb thiab cov lus pom zoo los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, yuav khaws kev zoo nkauj ntawm qhov chaw, cog kev noj qab haus huv thiab cov qoob loo.

Pom zoo: