Hauv pem teb hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws (nws tsis tuaj yeem xav txog da dej yam tsis muaj chav no), zoo li feem ntau lwm chav, koj tuaj yeem tsim koj tus kheej, thiab siv cov kev pabcuam ntawm cov kws tshaj lij. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias cov kev pabcuam ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm sab nrauv yuav raug nqi ntau dua, thiab nws tsis yog qhov tseeb tias qhov tshwm sim yuav zoo dua li tus neeg xav. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws tshaj lij feem ntau ua haujlwm nrog ntau cov thev naus laus zis zoo, thiab koj tuaj yeem ua tib zoo ntsuas qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm txhua txoj hauv kev muaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum sib sau ua ke hauv pem teb hauv chav tos nrog koj tus kheej tes, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account tsim ntawm cov chav nyob ib sab thiab lub tswv yim dav dav. Txawm li cas los xij, structurally, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, nws yuav txawv, thiab qhov no yuav tsum tau to taub txawm tias thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tag nrho cov qauv da dej. Kab lus no piav qhia yuav ua li cas ua kom sov hauv pem teb hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws nrog koj tus kheej tes. Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej ntawd, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog cov kev cai yooj yim rau flooring.
Plaub hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws
Ua ntej ua haujlwm tseem ceeb, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab txog hom txheej txheej uas yuav siv rau hauv pem teb. Qhov tseeb, kev tsim hauv pem teb hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws pib los ntawm sab saum toj mus rau hauv qab: tau xaiv hom flooring rau koj tus kheej, koj yuav tsum xav txog qhov kev xaiv ntawm kev npaj chav hnav khaub ncaws hauv kev xyaum. Rau qhov no, lub thickness yog xam, raws li zoo raws li cov qauv ntawm lub hauv paus txheej thiab nws muaj pes tsawg leeg.
Txiv Neej Yuav Tsum Tau
Ua ntej koj tsim ib qho chaw sov hauv chav tsev hnav khaub ncaws, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog cov qauv yooj yim thiab cov kev xav tau rau hauv pem teb. Nws yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov cai hauv qab no:
- Ua kom qab ntxiag rau qhov kov, uas yog nyob ntawm kev nyem thiab lub cev ntawm cov khoom.
- Tsis swb.
- Nyob zoo rau sab nraud.
- Yooj yim rau mount.
- Yooj yim ntxuav thiab tu.
- Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg.
Hauv pem teb hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws, ua los ntawm tes, yuav tsum muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo ib puag ncig.
Yuav xaiv tsob ntoo twg?
Cov ntoo hauv pem teb hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws yog feem ntau sib sau ua ke los ntawm kev npaj, nplaig-thiab-zawj, pawg thawj coj saib loj, cov qauv av noo ntawm kwv yees li 13 feem pua. Los ntawm kev yuav cov ntoo nyoos, koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov lus nug txog kev txuag nyiaj, uas yav tom ntej tuaj yeem ua rau poob siab. Qhov tseeb yog tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws haum ntawm cov khoom thaum nws tso yuav sai sai no raug ua txhaum los ntawm shrinkage deformations.
Tab sis hauv pem teb twg hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws yuav tsumua? Hom ntoo twg siv rau qhov no? Raws li nyob rau hauv lwm yam mob, nyiam yog muab rau cov ntaub ntawv uas nruab nrab los yog siab hardness. Cov ntoo no suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- Beech.
- Birch.
- Maple.
- Ash.
- Larch.
- Karagach.
- Tees.
- Oak.
- Acacia.
- Rob.
Saum toj no peb saib yuav ua li cas npog hauv pem teb hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws. Thiab tam sim no koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog yuav ua li cas los tsim cov pem teb no koj tus kheej. Tab sis ua ntej ntawd, koj yuav tsum npaj tag nrho cov khoom tsim nyog thiab cov cuab yeej.
Cov ntsiab lus tsim kho
Cov plag tsev hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws tuaj yeem muab piv rau txheej ncuav mog qab zib. Qhov no tsim muaj xws li lub hauv paus, thermal rwb thaiv tsev, vapor barrier, waterproofing, raws li zoo raws li flooring. Cov plag tsev tau muab tso rau hauv cov xwm txheej sib txawv hauv chav dej sib txawv, thiab qhov zoo ntawm lawv qhov chaw feem ntau pab kom ua tau zoo.
Feem ntau, Lavxias da dej yog ua los ntawm ntoo, yog li qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb yog muab cov rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws. Zoo li tag nrho lub tsev, qhov no cov plag tsev yog ua los ntawm ntoo. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub hauv paus yog ua los ntawm cav, ntawm uas waterproofing, thermal rwb thaiv tsev, thiab ib tug vapor barrier txheej nrog ntawv ci yuav tsum tau nteg alternately.
Lwm qhov kev xaiv ntau heev rau kev teeb tsa lub subfloor yog pob zeb screed. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov chaw zoo li no yuav txias heev, yog li nws xav tau kev rwb thaiv tsev thermal.
Insulating ntsiab raupoj niam txiv neej
Kev tsim kho hauv pem teb hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws suav nrog ntau yam. Cov khoom no tau piav qhia hauv qab no:
- Kev tiv thaiv dej. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tiv thaiv hauv pem teb los ntawm dej nyab thiab dej hauv av, kom tsis txhob muaj cov dej noo ntau los ntawm sab hauv. Cov txheej txheem dej tsis zoo yuav raug tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj dej noo, uas yuav tsum muaj cov yeeb yaj kiab polyethylene thiab cov khoom siv vov tsev. Qhov thib ob tivthaiv rau kev tiv thaiv waterproofing yog impregnation ntawm ntoo qhov chaw, uas tshem tawm cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm rotting ntawm cov khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj kev hu ua pasting yog siv, uas cov pob qij txha ntawm cov khoom raug kaw nrog cov kab xev tshwj xeeb nrog cov nplaum nplaum.
- Vapor barrier. Thaum lub sij hawm qhib lub qhov rooj rau chav tsev chav, chav pib nkag mus rau hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws, yog li cuam tshuam rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov qauv hauv pem teb. Yog tias muaj vapor barrier, ces ib txheej yog suav nrog uas yog impervious rau vapor. Feem ntau, cov yeeb yaj kiab nrog aluminium ntawv ci yog siv los ua qhov kev tiv thaiv no. Lub hauv paus ntawm zaj duab xis tuaj yeem yog PVC, polyethylene, thiab kuj polypropylene. Nyob rau hauv txoj cai, cov ntaub ntawv membrane kuj siv tau, uas muab vapor barrier zoo.
- Thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Ib qho kev txhim khu kev qha tshav kub-insulating txheej hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Qhov tuab ntawm cov txheej no yuav nyob ntawm cov khoom siv, tab sis qhov nruab nrab nws yog 15 cm. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nrov tshaj plaws yog ecowool, ntxhia wool, nthuav av nplaum, extruded polystyrene ua npuas ncauj, nthuav polystyrene. Raws li kev xaiv pheej yig,Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem siv cov sawdust zoo tib yam. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qhov tseeb tias cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav lossis cov ntxhia hauv cov ntaub plaub yuav qis dua yog tias cov av noo nkag mus. Yog li, thaum lawv daim ntawv thov, lub luag hauj lwm ntawm cov waterproofing txheej nce.
Yuav tsum tau cuab yeej
Ua ntej koj ua hauv pem teb hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj yuav xav tau cov cuab yeej hauv qab no:
- Bulgarian.
- Zoo saws.
- Grinder.
- Planer.
- laum hluav taws xob.
- Hacksaw.
- Screwdriver.
- Ntxhais.
- Furniture stapler.
- Hmoob.
- Screwdriver.
- Pliers.
- txhuam txhuam.
- tsev theem.
- hlau kav.
- Roulette.
Production Features
Ua ntej pib cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb, koj yuav tsum xaiv qhov chaw rau kev ua haujlwm yav tom ntej. Yog tias koj tsis paub yuav ua li cas insulate hauv pem teb hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tshem tawm tag nrho cov nroj tsuag ntawm cov av saum npoo, thiab tseem tshem tawm cov av txheej mus rau qhov tob txog 20 cm. Tom qab ntawd cov saum npoo yog leveled, tom qab uas thawj txheej waterproofing yog nteg nyob rau hauv, rau uas, nyob rau hauv feem ntau, cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev yog siv.
Cov cav ntoo yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov ntoo, qhov tuab yuav tsum yog 10-15 cm. Thaum lub sij hawm tso, lawv yuav nce mus rau qhov siab.txog 10 cm saum npoo av, uas yog siv pob zeb, cib los yog pob zeb. Qib ntawm cov lags yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo ua raws kab rov tav siv lub tsev theem. Cov kauj ruam ntawm kev tso cov kab teeb no yuav nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm chav tsev, thiab nws yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 40-60 cm. Tam sim ntawd ua ntej tso, lawv yuav tsum tau impregnated nrog cov tshuaj uas tsis yog-combustible thiab anti-rotting compound.
Nyob qab zib
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog nteg cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm qhov tshwm sim lags. Yog tias siv cov khoom siv dov lossis cov nplais, ces cov racks yuav tsum tau muab kaw nrog ib zaj duab xis nrog ib txheej nplaum.
Cov khoom yog txuas rau cov cav siv cov rooj tog stapler nrog cov npoo ntawm cov nqaj. Lub qab nthab ntawm cov phab ntsa yog ua los ntawm qhov siab txog li 15 cm. Yog hais tias nthuav av nplaum siv, ces nws yog poured ncaj qha ntawm lub lags nrog ib tug txheej ntawm txog 20 cm thiab compacted tightly. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub tshav kub-insulating txheej, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los nteg 2 txheej ntawm waterproofing, tom qab uas ib txheej ntawm vapor barrier yog pw, nrog cov ntawv ci txheej. Cov ntaub ntawv yob yog nteg nrog qhov sib tshooj ntawm 15 cm, thiab qhov sib koom ua ke yog kaw nrog zaj duab xis nrog ib txheej nplaum.
Tab sis hauv pem teb hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws yog dab tsi? Qhov teeb meem no yuav tsum tau daws tom qab tsim ntawm subfloor, uas yog lub hauv paus. Cov txheej txheem ntau tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov laug cam. Rau cov laj thawj no, cov ntoo coniferous feem ntau yog siv, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv larch. Lub thickness ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm yog hais txog 3 cm thiab qhov dav yog hais txog 25 cm. Qhov saum npoo ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm yuav tsum tau npaj kom zoo. Tom qab ntawd cov boardsua ke nruj heev.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau theem no nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau impregnate ntoo nrog ib tug antiseptic muaj pes tsawg leeg. Raws li xws li ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg, ib tug dej-soluble impregnation, ib tug ua ke antiseptic, ib tug roj muaj pes tsawg leeg, ib tug antiseptic ua los ntawm ib tug organic hnyav yuav siv tau. Cov impregnations no yog siv nrog txhuam txhuam hauv 2-3 kis.
Painting
Thiab koj tuaj yeem pleev xim rau cov plag tsev hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws li cas? Feem ntau, nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem no, 2 txoj kev yog siv: painting thiab varnishing. Thaum siv cov txheej txheem zoo li no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los npaj cov txheej txheem kom zoo. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum tshem tawm tag nrho cov av, roj stains thiab plua plav. Tom qab ntawd, lub tsho tiv no yog siv rau saum ntoo, uas ua kom tiav qhov zoo.
Technical solution
Raws li tau hais dhau los, ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev npaj chav hnav khaub ncaws yog muab cua sov hauv qab. Thermal rwb thaiv tsev khaws cov cua sov zoo, tab sis qhov kev nplij siab tshaj plaws tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev tsim ib lub tsev tshwj xeeb uas siv cov kev daws teeb meem.
dej pem teb
Hauv kev da dej, nws yuav yooj yim heev los siv cov kev xaiv ntawm cov plag tsev dej. Cov cua kub ntawm cov av hauv pem teb yog nqa tawm los ntawm cov kav dej uas tau muab tso rau hauv qab ntawm lub hau npog. Cov dej kub yog dhau los ntawm cov kav dej, uas yog cua sov los ntawm lub qhov cub sauna. Kev xa dej tuaj yeem muab los ntawm cov dej hauv nruab nrab, nrog rau kev siv koj tus kheej, uas yog siv los ntawmnyob zoo os.
Electric floors
Lwm txoj hauv kev kom sov hauv pem teb yog hluav taws xob cua sov. Txhawm rau muab cov plag tsev sov hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws, ib qho tshwj xeeb cua sov cable yog nruab rau hauv qab ntawm qhov chaw, uas muaj cov hluav taws xob ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov xov hlau tam sim no.
Infrared vaj huam sib luag
Lwm qhov kev xaiv cua sov hauv pem teb niaj hnub no yog lub vaj huam sib luag infrared. Nws tuaj yeem muab tso ncaj qha rau hauv qab txheej txheej thoob plaws hauv chav tsev lossis hauv ib cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb. Thaum hluav taws xob hluav taws xob siv rau lub vaj huam sib luag no, nws pib tawm cov kab hluav taws xob infrared, uas ua kom sov tsis yog huab cua, tab sis tus neeg nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm lawv cov khoom faib.
Zoo kawg
Nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog los nrhiav kev pab los ntawm cov kws tsim khoom los txhim kho cov plag tsev hauv koj chav hnav khaub ncaws. Yog tias koj ua raws li tag nrho cov lus pom zoo thiab cov lus qhia uas tau muab rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, koj tuaj yeem tsim cov plag tsev zoo heev. Koj kuj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov plag tsev sov yog ib qho tseem ceeb tom qab cov txheej txheem da dej.
