Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm kev ntseeg siab thiab tsis zoo ntawm hluav taws xob. Qhov no yog vim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua, hnav thiab tsim kua muag ntawm cov khoom siv, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub zog hloov pauv, cov txheej txheem hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov neeg siv hluav taws xob, ntuj thiab huab cua. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsis cuam tshuam yog qhov yuav tsum tau ceev nrooj los xyuas kom meej tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg siv khoom ntawm thawj thiab lwm pawg.
Rau cov tswv tsev thiab tsev, kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob kuj tseem ceeb. Kev txwv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev tsis yog qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj yog qhov teeb meem tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub neej kev txhawb nqa, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov cua sov, yog tias nws ncaj qha nyob ntawm lub hwj huam mov. Uninterruptible fais fab mov UPS (UPS) los rau kev cawm - ib yam khoom uas tiv thaiv hluav taws xob receivers los ntawm kev kaw vim lub tsub zuj zuj ntawm hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv cov roj teeb (cov roj teeb) thiab guaranteesqhov yuav tsum tau muaj hwj chim zoo (PQ) nyob rau hauv stand-alone thiab network hom kev ua hauj lwm.
Ua ntej qhia txog txoj hauv kev kom muaj lub zog thauj khoom yam tsis muaj qhov tsis ua haujlwm, ib tus yuav tsum paub tias qhov kev ua tsis tiav zoo li cas tuaj yeem xav tau los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev.
Fais fab tsis ua hauj lwm hauv hluav taws xob
Undervoltage yog ib qho tshwm sim ntau zaus hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Tab sis nws tsis tshwj xeeb tshaj yog predominate tshaj qhov nce, uas kuj muaj ntau. Thaum tsaus ntuj, qhov hluav taws xob ruaj khov, thaum nruab hnub nws txo qis, thiab thaum yav tsaus ntuj, thaum lub loads feem ntau raug tua, nws nce.
Tsis ruaj khov zaus kuj yog qhov ua tsis tiav, txawm tias tsawg heev. Thaum lub network thauj khoom siab, nws tuaj yeem poob mus rau 45 Hz, uas ua rau muaj teeb meem loj cuam tshuam uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm UPS. Qee cov cuab yeej kho underclocking thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev thiab tuaj yeem tso lub roj teeb sai sai.
Kev tsaus ntuj tsis yog qhov txawv. Cov hluav taws xob tsis quav ntsej ntau txog hluav taws xob thiab tuaj yeem kaw lub tsev tam sim ntawd. Ib qho hluav taws xob tam sim no txaus kom poob cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub computer. Fais fab tuag tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum cov tes hauj lwm muaj ntau dhau. Yog li, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb npaum li cas kev ntseeg siab ntawm UPS muab lub zog tsis cuam tshuam.
UPS kev faib tawm
Lawv muab faib ua peb pawg:
- Lub zog qis UPS rau kev sib txuas los ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Kev ua tiav yog desktop lossis hauv pem teb, thiab lub zog ntawm 0.25 txog 3 kW.
- Cov khoom siv ntawm lub zog nruab nrab - los ntawm 3 mus rau 30 kW - muaj ib qho thaiv ntawm cov qhov (sockets) ua rau sab hauv, lossis tseem raug hloov los ntawm pawgsockets nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim mov network ntawm cov neeg siv khoom los ntawm cov tswj vaj huam sib luag. Cov khoom siv tau tsim los tso rau hauv chaw ua haujlwm thiab hauv chav sib cais.
- High fais fab UPS - los ntawm 10 txog 800 kW. Lawv nyob hauv chav hluav taws xob. Lawv tau sau nyob rau hauv pab pawg thiab tsim lub zog ntawm lub zog siab - txog li ob peb txhiab kW.
UPS hom
Tam sim no muaj 4 hom UPS (UPS). Cov khoom uas muaj rau txhua tus yog:
- lim los ntawm impulses thiab suab nrov;
- waveform dewarping;
- voltage stabilization (tsis yog txhua tus qauv);
- khaws lub roj teeb kom them;
- Thaum UPS roj teeb tag, nws yuav xub muab lub tswb thiab tom qab ntawd tua tus neeg siv khoom.
Off-line UPS
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm qhov kev hloov kho no yog muab cov neeg siv khoom siv los ntawm lub network uas twb muaj lawm thiab hloov mus rau lub zog thaub qab ntawm lub sijhawm muaj xwm txheej ceev (4-12 ms). Lawv yooj yim dua thiab pheej yig dua li lwm hom.
UPS ib txwm hloov mus rau hauv roj teeb.
Thaum ua haujlwm los ntawm lub hauv paus, lub cuab yeej suppresses suab nrov nrog impulses thiab tswj qhov voltage ntawm ib theem. Ib feem ntawm lub zog yog siv rau kev rov ua lub roj teeb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev ua hauj lwm network nyob rau hauv tsis yog-tus qauv, cov neeg siv hloov mus rau lub roj teeb ua hauj lwm. Txhua tus qauv UPS txiav txim siab hauv nws tus kheej txoj kev xav tau hloov mus rau hom no. Lub roj teeb lub neej nyob ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov roj teeb thiab kev siv lub zog ntawm cov khoom thauj. Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm ib tug tso tawm ntawm lub backup fais fab movib qho lus txib tau muab los tua cov neeg siv khoom. Yog hais tias lub mains voltage nce mus txog qhov qub, UPS hloov mus rau cov haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab cov roj teeb pib pib.
Kab Sib Tham
Line sib tham sib ups yog nruab nrog stabilers, uas ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua thiab muab cov roj teeb tsis sib xws.
Cov cuab yeej cuam tshuam nrog lub network los ntawm kev tswj lub amplitude thiab cov duab ntawm lub mains voltage.
Thaum qhov hluav taws xob txo qis lossis nce ntxiv, chav tsev kho nws tus nqi los ntawm kev hloov cov kais dej ntawm autotransformer. Ua li no, nws tus nqi nominal yog khaws cia. Yog hais tias qhov parameter tawm ntawm qhov ntau thiab qhov hloov pauv tsis txaus, UPS hloov mus rau roj teeb thaub qab. Chav tsev tuaj yeem raug txiav tawm ntawm lub zog tseem ceeb thaum lub teeb liab distorted tau txais. Muaj cov qauv uas kho qhov voltage waveform yam tsis tau hloov mus rau lub roj teeb ua haujlwm.
Ferroresonant UPS
Cov cuab yeej muaj lub ferroresonant transformer uas ua raws li qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob. Nws qhov zoo dua yog qhov tsub zuj zuj ntawm lub zog hauv cov hlau nplaum, uas tau tso tawm thaum hloov pauv hauv 8-16 ms. Lub sijhawm no txaus rau UPS nkag mus rau txoj haujlwm tshiab.
Lub tshuab hloov pauv ua haujlwm ntxiv ntawm lub suab nrov lim. Input voltage distortion tsis cuam tshuam rau cov zis waveform, uas tseem yog sinusoidal.
UPS hloov dua siab tshiab
ob lub zog hloov khoom sivua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm rectifying lub mains voltage, thiab ces rov tig nws mus rau hauv ib tug stabilized variable. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj zog dua yog siv ntawm no, uas tsis yog tsuas yog rov them lub roj teeb xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muab cov inverter nrog lub zog DC stabilized.
Los ntawm cov zis ntawm lub cuab yeej, qhov hloov pauv ruaj khov yog muab rau lub nra.
Thaum hloov dua siab tshiab tsis txaus los kho qhov hluav taws xob tseem ceeb, tus nqi ntxiv yog muab los ntawm lub roj teeb rau lub inverter. Kev hloov tsis tshwm sim, tab sis hom twb txawv lawm.
Thaum lub inverter tsis ua haujlwm, nws hloov mus rau lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev bypass. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm kev hloov dua siab tshiab UPS rau kev siv ntiag tug yog irrational vim muaj zog poob loj. Hom kev tiv thaiv no yog siv los ntawm cov koom haum uas yuav tsum muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom siv.
Type of systems
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsis cuam tshuam tuaj yeem muab faib los yog faib. Hauv thawj kis, ib qho UPS ua haujlwm rau tag nrho lub tsev lossis ib qho chaw sib cais, uas tuaj yeem tiv taus tag nrho cov khoom thauj.
Faib cov tshuab hluav taws xob tsis cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam khoom siv tiv thaiv, txhua qhov ua haujlwm ntawm ib lub computer lossis lwm yam khoom siv. Lawv ua tau zoo heev.
Qhov zoo ntawm kev faib tawm yog raws li hauv qab no:
- UPS raug xaiv tshwj xeeb rau ib qho khoom siv uas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws lossis kev ua haujlwm hauv ib puag ncig hnyav.
- Qhov system tuaj yeemmaj mam tsim, pib nrog kev tiv thaiv server thiab txav mus rau chaw ua haujlwm.
- Failed UPS tuaj yeem hloov nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev.
- Lub zog qis UPS tsis tas yuav tsum tau teeb tsa thiab tswj xyuas los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb.
- Muaj peev xwm txuas mus rau lub qhov hluav taws xob ib txwm siv los ntawm cov qhov hluav taws xob.
- UPS tau thov nws tus kheej.
Centralized uninterruptible power systems suav nrog qib siab UPS, uas tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej zoo dua. Txawm tias lawv cov nqi siab, tag nrho cov nqi txuag tau ua tiav, vim tias ib qho khoom siv pheej yig dua li ob peb. Tab sis rau cov khoos phis tawj yooj yim, lub kaw lus yuav raug nqi ntau dua, vim nws cov kev saib xyuas yuav tsum muaj cov neeg ua haujlwm tsim nyog lossis cov kev pabcuam ntawm cov tuam txhab tshwj xeeb uas nruab thiab tswj cov tshuab hluav taws xob tsis cuam tshuam.
Nws yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- khoos phis tawj yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub network;
- qee lub koom haum xav tau kev txhim khu kev qha zoo li lub tsev txhab nyiaj;
- cov neeg siv khoom sib txawv hauv lub zog: lub tshuab computer, teeb pom kev kub ntxhov, kev sib txuas lus, kev ruaj ntseg.
Yuav nrhiav dab tsi thaum xaiv UPS?
Thaum xaiv lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsis cuam tshuam, muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb los xav txog. Peb teev cov tseem ceeb.
khoom tiv thaiv dab tsi?
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yuav tsum ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob. Lub voj voog tsawg kawg hauv lub sijhawm yuav yog ib hnub. Nws yog tus tshaj plawsqhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Yog tias koj yuav tsum ua haujlwm hnub so, koj yuav tsum tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub voj voog txhua lub limtiam, nruab hnub thiab hmo ntuj.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los txiav txim siab qhov siab tshaj plaws thiab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus, nrog rau lub zog thiab mem tes zaus hauv lub network. Cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem yog digital oscilloscope lossis recorder.
Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws rau tus neeg siv yog ntsuas qhov voltage, thaum lub sijhawm nws xav, qhov voltage nce mus txog qhov siab tshaj plaws thiab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus. Txhob nkim lub weekend.
Yog tias tus tswv tsev muaj cov cuab yeej muaj zog, koj yuav tsum ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob hauv tsev thaum nws qhib thiab kaw. Koj yuav tsum paub seb lub hwj chim tau muab tua ntau npaum li cas hauv lub mains hauv tsev thiab vim li cas. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum muaj cov xaim hauv av hauv chav tsev. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum paub seb nws txuas nrog lub tsheb npav hauv pem teb li cas.
Hom khoom tiv thaiv
Sau cov npe khoom siv uas yuav tsum tau siv UPS. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum paub lub zog siv los ntawm txhua lub cuab yeej. Nws yog txaus los txiav txim nws tus nqi nominal, uas yog nyob rau hauv kev specifications. Qee cov khoom siv qee zaum siv lub zog siab tshaj plaws, ntau zaus ntau dua li tus nqi nominal. Koj yuav tsum teem lub zog cia rau nws.
Lub sijhawm muaj kev ywj pheej
Ntawm no nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los txiav txim siab seb lub sijhawm twg nws tuaj yeem khaws cov ntaub ntawv kom nyab xeeb lossis ua tiav cov haujlwm tsim nyog (hloov cov ntaub ntawv, txuag cov ntaub ntawv, tau txais cov lus).
Tus neeg ua haujlwm tseem ceeb
Nyob ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov system xav tauib tus neeg ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb rau nws txoj haujlwm. Qhov no yuav tsum tau qhia meej txhawm rau txheeb xyuas txhua tus nqi. Tus nqi ntawm kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 10% ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb.
UPS rau tsev
Rau ib lub tsev nruab nrab, lub zog tsis cuam tshuam txog UPS (UPS) nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 15 kW yog qhov yooj yim. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev ywj pheej ua haujlwm rau 2-3 teev, koj xav tau 4 lub roj teeb uas muaj peev xwm ntawm 2000 Ah. Lawv tso cai rau koj khaws hluav taws xob txog li 7 kWh.
Hauv tsev, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov cua sov thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev nrog lub computer. Tus nqi ntawm UPS nyob ntawm lub hwj chim, tus naj npawb ntawm cov roj teeb thiab cov chaw tsim khoom. Rau lub boiler, koj muaj peev xwm yuav ib tug 360 W qhov chaw ntawm tus nqi ntawm 7 txhiab. Rau tag nrho lub tsev, koj yuav xav tau ib tug UPS hwj chim txog li 15 kW, tus nqi ntawm uas yog ntau tshaj 70 txhiab rubles.
Ntxiv rau cov hloov pauv, cov roj teeb xav tau, uas yuav tsum tau hloov pauv ib ntus. UPS rau lub tsev raug nqi ib puag ncig. Uninterruptible fais fab mov systems yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kim.
Txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem txuag ntawm kev kho lwm yam khoom siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj lwm txoj hauv kev siv cov tshuab hluav taws xob. Qee lub sij hawm koj tuaj yeem tawm mus nrog kev txhim kho qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, uas tiv nrog ntau txoj haujlwm, suav nrog cov khoom siv raug kaw.
Niaj hnub UPSs tau nruab nrog lub ntsej muag meej. Ntawm cov zaub, koj tuaj yeem saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub kaw lus, qhov tseem ceeb tsis yog cov tswv yim thiab cov zis hluav taws xob, kev siv hluav taws xob, lub tswv yim ua haujlwm, roj teeb nqi.
UPS twg xaiv yog nyob ntawm qhov xav tau ntawm tus neeg siv. Lub khoos phis tawj hauv tsev yuav muaj lub zog txaus rau lub sijhawm kaw. Rau kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub boiler rau 8-9 teev, koj yuav xav tau 1 kW cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv nrog peb lub roj teeb ntawm 65 Ah.
Zoo kawg
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsis cuam tshuam yog tsim los muab kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab khoom siv hluav taws xob rau lub sijhawm luv luv. Qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb yog lub zog ntawm UPS thiab lub peev xwm ntawm lub roj teeb. Nws raug nquahu kom xaiv cov khoom siv uas muaj qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob.
Roj teeb lub neej nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub roj teeb thiab lub zog siv los ntawm kev thauj khoom. Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm ib tug tso tawm ntawm lub backup hwj chim qhov chaw, ib tug hais kom ua kom tua cov neeg siv khoom. Yog hais tias lub mains voltage nce mus txog qhov qub, UPS hloov mus rau cov haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab pib them lub roj teeb.
