Stained glass yog ib qho txuj ci qub thiab pom tau tias yog khoom kim heev uas tsis tshua muaj. Thaum pib, cov no yog cov canvases majestic ua los ntawm cov iav me me, uas yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev ntawm Gothic cathedrals. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm tom qab, xws li masterpieces ntawm kos duab tsuas yog muaj rau cov neeg muaj koob muaj npe los ntawm tsev neeg ntawm vaj thiab cov nom tswv. Tam sim no, kev zoo nkauj connoisseurs muaj lub sijhawm los xaj ib qhov project uas haum rau lawv tus kheej cov kev xav thiab cov tswv yim. Tau kawg, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua cov duab mosaic tsis tuaj yeem sawv ntsug, thiab niaj hnub stained-iav qhov rais nyob rau hauv tag nrho lawv ntau haiv neeg thiab kev txhim kho tam sim no cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm iav txuj ci tseem ceeb.
Kev txhim kho ntawm cov iav stained creativity
Stained-iav qhov rais tau siv nyob rau hauv cov tsev architectural los sau ntau yam qhib. Raws li hom kev kos duab zoo nkauj, lawv tuaj yeem muaj tus cwj pwm ornamental lossis piav qhia txhua hnub scenes. Maj mam, thev naus laus zis tshiab thiab kev hloov pauv hauv kev zam tau hloov cov khoom qub qub ntawm kev kho kom zoo nkauj rau hauv cov cwj pwm rau kev tsim. Hnub noniaj hnub stained iav qhov rais saib txawv me ntsis thiab stagger lub tswv yim nrog lawv cov tswv yim sib txawv thiab sib txawv.
Lavxias teb sab tau paub txog qhov muaj nyob ntawm cov iav stained iav thaum ntxov li xyoo pua 12th. Thaum lub sij hawm Renaissance, nws tau nthuav tawm raws li kev pleev xim rau ntawm iav, siv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov xim pleev xim rau ntawm daim duab hauv qee qhov chaw. Kev txaus siab tshwj xeeb hauv kev muaj tswv yim ntawm cov pej xeem tau nce hauv lub xyoo pua 13th hauv kev sib txuas nrog kev mob siab rau kev sib hlub ntawm chivalric. Cov dab neeg no tau txhawb kom tib neeg xav ua raws li Gothic kab lis kev cai, thiab yog li stained iav los ua fashionable. Nyob rau theem ntawm kev tsim cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis thiab lwm yam kev zais ntawm cov iav stained craftsmanship, Western Europe tsis muaj lub sijhawm los muab cov khoom lag luam rau txawv teb chaws. Thaum lub sij hawm Renaissance, medieval artistic masterpieces tau coj mus rau Russia.
Ua tsaug rau qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg muaj tswv yim tswj tau mus txog xyoo thiab khaws cov txuj ci thiab qee cov thev naus laus zis ntawm kev kos duab uas ploj lawm ntau pua xyoo, peb tuaj yeem qhuas lawv, thiab siv lawv los kho peb lub tsev. Txhawm rau hloov cov kev txawj ntse mus rau tiam tshiab, ntau ntau yam kev txhim kho tau muaj nyob hauv peb lub tebchaws.
Hom kev muaj tswv yim no kuj yog siv los tsim cov duab kos duab ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm niaj hnub kho kom zoo nkauj kos duab, lub qhov rais stained-iav pab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm sab ntsuj plig ntawm ib tug neeg thiab muaj lub zog txaus nyiam. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, nws tsim kev hlub rau kev muaj tswv yim thiab kos duab, txhim kho hauv lawv qhov kev nkag siab ntawm tus neeg saib. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov chav kawm no pab cov tub ntxhais kawm tsim kev txawj ntse kom raugntsuas thiab txiav cov ntsiab lus, thiab muaj peev xwm koom tes nrog lwm tus.
Kev tawm tswv yim ua haujlwm
Stained iav raws li niaj hnub exhibition kos duab tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, qhov twg cov tswv qhia lawv txoj haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws. Ntawm no, stained iav artists sib pauv lawv cov kev paub dhau los thiab sib tham txog cov teeb meem ntsig txog cov qauv hauv kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm iav duab tsim cov tswv yim. Exhibitions nrog tej hauj lwm ntawm kos duab yog teem nyob rau hauv lub zos uas cov stained iav crafted ua ntej. Piv txwv li, hauv 2015 nws tau tuav ntawm Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Architecture hauv Paris.
Hauv xyoo 2012, kev ua yeeb yam hu ua "Art in Interior" tau muaj nyob rau hauv Russia. Lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim muaj tswv yim no yog los ua ke nrog kev nthuav dav dav nrog nws cov tswv yim sib txawv, uas tuaj yeem dhau los ua cov khoom tsim rau sab hauv kho kom zoo nkauj. Make-up artists npaj rau embody lawv lub tswv yim nyob rau hauv ntau yam decorating styles - los ntawm classic mus rau niaj hnub style.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm iav hniav nyiaj hniav kub
Cov lus zais ntawm kev muaj tswv yim yog nyob hauv kev ua tiav ntawm lub hnub ci nrog cov yeeb yuj iav. Nrog kev pab los ntawm nyob flickering ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, cov nyhuv ntawm kev tawg, cov xim tsis pom tseeb yog tiav. Nyob rau hauv kev saib ntawm lub tswv yim no, lub hauv paus rau kev tsim ornaments yuav tsum pob tshab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kws ua yeeb yam thaum ub tau ua raws cov hom phiaj hauv qab no: kom nyiam lub qhov muag ntawm tus neeg, tsim kom muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg.impression thiab radically hloov lub architectural qauv. Txawm hais tias tau muaj kev hloov pauv loj heev hauv cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, niaj hnub stained-iav qhov rais tsis tau poob lub hom phiaj no. Lawv tseem muaj peev xwm impress thiab fascinate tus saib. Ntau yam khoom tsim los ntawm cov qauv tsim uas tuaj yeem qhuas lawv txhua lub sijhawm ntawm hnub, tsis hais lub kaum sab xis los ntawm lub teeb poob ntawm daim duab.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov iav qhov rai hauv sab hauv
Stained-iav qhov rais nyob rau hauv ib lub niaj hnub sab hauv yog exquisite thiab cov tswv yim zoo uas tsis xav tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb thiab tuaj yeem kho txhua hom chav tsev. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, lawv yog npaj rau tsim kev npaj ntawm thaj chaw thiab yog lub ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub sab hauv. Los ntawm qhov no nws ua raws li kev kos duab muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav saib zoo hauv chav nyob, chav ua noj thiab ntawm phab ntsa hauv nruab nrab ntawm chav dej.
Cov neeg uas xav ntxiv lawv cov kev daws teeb meem tsim nrog cov khoom zoo li no tau lees tias pom lawv lub tsev nyob rau hauv lub teeb thiab xim zoo nkauj. Txhawm rau ua kom sab hauv zoo sib xws thiab sib koom ua ke, cov kws tshaj lij qhia kev kho kom zoo nkauj hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog cov iav stained, uas yog nyob rau hauv tib lub style lossis qhov haum tshaj plaws ntawm kev zoo nkauj.
hom tsiaj
Muaj ntau ntau hom ntawm cov iav niaj hnub, thiab txhua tus ntawm lawv yog ib qho tshwj xeeb. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws suav nrog: classic, niaj hnub thiab stained iav neo-Gothic.
Classic. Cov style no yog characterized los ntawm simplicity, sophistication, nobility thiab naturalness. Tus tsim tsimtxoj cai yog tswj symmetry hauv cov duab kos. Cov duab lawv tus kheej tuaj yeem muaj lub ntsiab lus - los ntawm cov duab geometric mus rau kev tsim duab kos duab. Cov duab lossis cov khoom zoo nkauj yog ua hauv cov xim tsaus lossis pastel.
Neogothic. Ib tug heev nthuav style, cov compositions uas yog siv selectively. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj peev xwm xaiv qhov sib piv ntawm qhov loj me. Nyob rau hauv cov chav loj, stained-iav qhov rais nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais qhib yuav tsum ntom, thiab nyob rau hauv cov chav nrog ib tug me me cheeb tsam - pob tshab, yuav luag tsis muaj xim, nrog cov yam ntxwv variegated blotches.
Modern. Hauv kev sau ntawv ntawm Art Nouveau ntau yam, elegance thiab extravagance tau qhia meej. Feathered npoo, ornate txawv tshaj plaw qauv, kos duab imitating ntau yam nroj tsuag - tag nrho cov intricacies no muaj nyob rau hauv lub tshiab thiab ruaj khov style nyob rau hauv tsim. Lwm qhov ntawm nws cov cim tseem ceeb yog palette ntawm cov xim, tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov xim zoo nkauj.
Tau tsim cov haujlwm zoo nkauj, siv ntau txoj hauv kev los kho daim iav thiab iav qhov chaw. Qhov no suav nrog ntau txoj hauv kev ntawm kev ua tiav ob qho tib si txheej txheem tiav thiab los ntawm kev sib txuas cov txheej txheem sib txawv. Niaj hnub nimno stained-iav qhov rais yog nto moo rau ib tug nplua nuj ntau yam ntawm technologies uas strikingly txawv ntawm ib leeg. Peb thov kom xav txog lawv kom meej.
Classic style
Cov theem ntawm nws cov khoom tsim muaj raws li hauv qab no:
- qhov pib ntawm qhov project yog qhov ua tiav ntawm daim duab kos;
- tom ntej no, daim duab ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej yog tsim los ntawm cov hlau profile;
- ua ntejCov khoom npaj tau muab tso rau hauv qhov profile;
- kawg, cov khoom yog pleev xim.
Kev ua haujlwm, siv qhov profile nrog H-shaped seem, uas tsuas yog ua los ntawm cov khoom zoo - tooj liab, txhuas lossis tooj dag. Nws cov grooves tau sau nrog cov yeeb yuj fragments sib txuas hauv qhov dav, uas feem ntau yog 5 hli.
Kev sib tw
iav paintings yog tsim los ntawm sintering tag nrho cov seem ntawm daim duab nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm lub zog kub. Cov txheej txheem no muaj cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
- kos duab meej ntawm tus qauv yog ua;
- decorative hais raug txiav;
- iav blanks yog muab tais rau hauv ib qho qauv;
- ces muab tso rau hauv qhov cub fusing.
Tiffany
Qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws, aristocratic style, nrog cov yam ntxwv zoo nkauj toj roob hauv pes. Cov paintings saib tiag tiag los ntawm kev siv cov ntsiab lus ntawm ib tug peculiar configuration, nrog ib tug convex thiab concave nto. Cov no yog xuas tes ua tej hauj lwm uas yog tiag tiag tej hauj lwm ntawm kos duab. Ib txoj hauv kev muaj tswv yim ntau dua yog siv los tsim cov duab zoo nkauj:
- ib daim duab tab tom tsim;
- daim duab muab faib ua ob peb ntu tseem ceeb;
- txiav tawm tus kheej cov ntsiab lus;
- Txhua ntu mus dhau txoj kev tig uas nws tau muab tam sim ntawd muab cov duab thiab qhov loj me;
- txhua daim yog txawj qhwv nrog daim kab xev;
- siv los txuas lawvlead-tin solder.
Cov duab ntawm cov qhov rais niaj hnub stained-iav ua nyob rau hauv cov style no yog illustrated nyob rau hauv peb tsab xov xwm.
Jellied
Dej nyab niaj hnub stained-iav qhov rais yog suav tias yog ib qho kev coj ua tiag tiag ntawm cov qub Tiffany mosaic. Lawv qhov kev tua yuav tsum muaj kev txawj ntse thiab kev tshaj lij. Nyob rau hauv tsos, cov txheej txheem qee zaum zoo li pleev xim rau ntawm iav. Nws qhov txawv feature yog lub xub ntiag ntawm cov txheej txheem nyem ua los ntawm cov khoom siv polymeric. Paintings yog ua raws li nram no:
- kos duab yog tsim los ntawm lub computer nrog cov cim ntawm cov xim thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg;
- ntxuav thiab degreasing ntawm qhov chaw;
- kos duab muab tso rau hauv qab iav puag;
- tus qauv yog siv cov xim polymer;
- tom qab ziab, cov khoom seem ntawm daim duab tau ntim nrog cov xim thiab tom qab ntawd nrog cov kua roj vanish.
Sandblast
Ib qho matte ornament yog siv rau cov iav tsis muaj xim lossis daim iav. Rau lub hom phiaj no, cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb tau tsim los uas tso cai rau kev tso tawm ntawm lub dav hlau compressed cua nrog quartz xuab zeb. Qhov no tshem tawm cov txheej txheej saum npoo ntawm iav. Tus tswv yuav tsum tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog cov cuab yeej siv, vim tias cov txheej txheem no nyuaj heev. Qee qhov kev daws teeb meem yuav tsum tau ua tiav ob sab. Ntxiv mus, nyob ntawm qhov degree ntawm daim ntawv thov, cov duab tuaj tawm txawv heev. Qhov kawg tshwm sim nyob ntawm qhov tob thiab thaj tsam ntawm kev ua thiab qhov loj ntawm cov xuab zeb nplej. Txhawm rau tsim cov iav frosted stained-iav, ntau cov txheej txheem ua ntu zus tau ua:
- daim duab yog ua tib zoo ua tiav, cov cim tsim nyog tau ua;
- qauv raug tsim;
- txiav tawm tag nrho cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb;
- ces tus stencil yog tsau;
- nyob rau hauv qhov siab siab saum npoo yog matted nrog lub dav hlau;
- Cov canvas tiav yog npog nrog cov kua roj vanish.
Tsim tswv yim
Ntxiv rau cov qhov rais stained-iav tau piav qhia saum toj no, ua raws li niaj hnub style, muaj ntau yam ntxiv ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tshiab. Cov no suav nrog: zaj duab xis, pleev xim rau, frosted, faceted, ua ke, stained iav 3D, cam khwb cia, collages thiab yees duab luam ntawv. Ib txhia ntawm lawv yog cov kev xaiv nyiaj txiag thiab saib zoo nkauj heev. Txhua tus tuaj yeem xaiv qhov kho kom zoo nkauj uas haum rau lawv tus kheej nyiam thiab muaj peev xwm. Hauv qhov no, nws yuav zoo rau siv cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov kws tsim qauv.
Cov kev xaiv classic tuaj yeem siv los ua qhov qhib qhov rais, thawj muab faib lossis npo.
Ceev thiab kev nplij siab coj cov xim pastel thiab du contours ntawm Art Nouveau. Lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo uas lawv tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov qauv sab hauv sib txawv.
Gothic saib nthuav dav qhov chaw pom thiab ua rau chav nrog cov xim ci. Cov no yog stained-iav qhov rais nrog elongated duab uas tsim lub illusion ntawm ib tug ya qauv.
Cov kev xaiv rau kev siv lub qhov rais niaj hnub stained iav yog dav. Koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tsuas yog ob peb tus qauv tsim. Cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb uas xaiv cov khoom kos duab yog kev sib haum xeeb ntawm cov xim. Yog daim duab tsis yogua ke nrog cov khoom seem hauv chav, nws yuav tsis ua tiav nws lub luag haujlwm thiab yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub hlwb.
Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tso cov rooj tog loj loj thiab lwm yam khoom loj rau tib thaj chaw uas muaj cov qhov rais uas muaj iav.
Zoo kawg
Los ntawm kev siv cov iav qhov rais ua cov khoom zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv niaj hnub interiors, cov neeg tsim qauv paub txog yog hloov tau thiab tsim kom muaj qhov tshwj xeeb hauv chav. Siv cov kev pabcuam ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, koj tuaj yeem nqa cov ntawv sau txog keeb kwm yav dhau los thiab qee qhov ntxim nyiam ntawm kev paub tsis meej thiab kev sib haum xeeb rau hauv koj lub tsev. Undoubtedly, xws li kev txiav txim siab yuav tsis tuaj pheej yig. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws sau ntawv txawj ntse yog tsim nyog. Txhawm rau tsim cov qhov rais stained-iav, ntxiv rau lub hlwb khiav thiab cov txuj ci ntawm tus kws kos duab, qee qhov kev txawj ntse ntawm kev siv tes ua haujlwm kuj yuav tsum tau. Raws li txoj cai, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua iav paintings yog nrog los ntawm complexity thiab mob siab rau ua hauj lwm.
