Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm qhov qhib qhov rais. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm qhov qhib qhov rais - GOST

Cov txheej txheem:

Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm qhov qhib qhov rais. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm qhov qhib qhov rais - GOST
Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm qhov qhib qhov rais. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm qhov qhib qhov rais - GOST

Video: Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm qhov qhib qhov rais. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm qhov qhib qhov rais - GOST

Video: Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm qhov qhib qhov rais. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm qhov qhib qhov rais - GOST
Video: Saib Mis paub Poj niam (hluas nkauj) tus yam ntxwv lub siab 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm qhov rais hauv cov tsev thiab cov qauv ntawm txhua hom yog xa cov teeb pom kev zoo rau lub teeb ntuj. Tab sis qhov rais kuj muab qhov cua ntawm qhov chaw, ua ntau yam haujlwm. Cia peb sim xyuas seb qhov luaj li cas ntawm qhov qhib qhov rais hauv kev tsim kho yog tswj hwm. Puas muaj peev xwm teeb tsa qhov rais qhov ntau thiab tsawg thaum tsim, piv txwv li, lub teb chaws lub tsev?

qhov rais qhib qhov ntau thiab tsawg
qhov rais qhib qhov ntau thiab tsawg

thaj tsam ntawm lub qhov rais qhib tau suav li cas?

Nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm ntau hom tsev, cov cai hauv tsev thiab cov kev cai raug siv los tswj qhov loj ntawm qhov qhib qhov rais thiab qhov rais, nyob ntawm ntau yam. Qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm lawv yog KEO - lub coefficient ntawm lub teeb ntuj. Tab sis ntau lwm yam tseem ceeb kuj raug coj mus rau hauv tus account: qhov ntev thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm lub tsev, thaj chaw thaj chaw, cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov iav hauv ob chav glazed qhov rais, thiab lwm yam.qhib nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau thaj tsam ntawm chav tsev (hauv feem pua), uas yog txiav txim los ntawm cov mis muab rau hauv daim ntawv. SNiP txhais cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm KEO nyob rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov pej xeem thiab cov tsev nyob ib puag ncig, thaj chaw nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm 45 ° txog 60 ° sab qaum teb latitude. Qhov txiaj ntsig no suav nrog tias kev ntxuav iav hauv qhov rais yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ob zaug hauv ib xyoos rau cov tsev nyob hauv thaj chaw uas tsis muaj plua plav thiab muaj kuab paug, thiab 4 zaug rau cov chav hauv cov cheeb tsam uas pom cov pa phem ntawm cov plua plav thiab cov khoom tawg. Yog tias lub tsev nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm 45 ° sab qaum teb latitude, tus coefficient ntawm 0.75 yuav tsum tau siv rau KEO tus nqi, thiab yog tias lub tsev nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm 60 ° sab qaum teb latitude - 1.2.

Cov qauv kev suav muaj lawv tus kheej coefficients rau cov xwm txheej ntawm kev siv ob peb lub tsom iav hauv ob lub qhov rais glazed, nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov iav, nrog rau cov iav sib txawv hauv qhov rais (frosted, curly, thiab lwm yam). Yog tias nws nyuaj rau teeb tsa cov coefficients sib txawv, ces muaj cov qauv yooj yim rau thaj chaw nyob: thaj tsam ntawm lub qhov rais glazing yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 8 npaug ntawm thaj tsam ntawm \u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b u 200 ib. Cov qauv no muab kwv yees, tab sis ze rau cov txiaj ntsig suav.

qhov ntev ntawm qhov rais thiab qhov rooj qhib
qhov ntev ntawm qhov rais thiab qhov rooj qhib

qauv qhov ntau thiab tsawg

Tab sis muaj cov qauv qhov loj me ntawm qhov qhib qhov rais teev tseg los ntawm lub xeev cov qauv rau cov tsev nyob thiab pej xeem. Cov qhov ntev no raug xaiv zoo rau kev tsim kho loj. Lawv coj mus rau hauv tus account ntau yam, nrog rau sab nraud zoo nkauj tsos ntawm lub tsev raws li ib tug architectural qauv.

GOSTs coj mus rau hauv tus account tsis tsuas yog qhov loj ntawm qhov rais thiab qhov rooj qhib, tab sis kuj tsim cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv qhov kev tua. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov ntev ntawm qhov qhib, canvases thiab tsim ntawm lub sam thiaj qhov rooj tau raug qauv. Muaj GOST 24699-81, GOST 24700-81 thiab GOST 11214-86, uas txwv txoj kev xaiv ntawm cov qhov rais ntoo thiab lub sam thiaj qhov rooj rau pej xeem thiab cov vaj tse nyob hauv kev tsim nrog ob chav glazed qhov rais thiab iav, nrog ob lub qhov rais glazed. thiab ob chav glazing, feem.

standard sizes ntawm qhov rais qhib
standard sizes ntawm qhov rais qhib

Daim ntawv teev qhov ntau thiab tsawg

Tshwj xeeb, muaj qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm qhov rais thiab lub sam thiaj qhov rooj ntawm cov tsev nyob hauv qhov siab (860, 1460 thiab 2175 mm) thiab dav (570, 720, 870, 1170, 1320, 1470, 1770 lossis 2070 mm). Rau cov vaj tsev pej xeem, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv yog tus qauv rau qhov rais thiab qhov rooj ntawm lub sam thiaj (qhov siab - 1160, 1760 lossis 2060, 2375 lossis 2575 mm, dav - 870, 1170, 1320, 1470 mm). Qhov loj ntawm qhov qhib rau cov qauv no kuj txhais tau tias: hauv cov tsev nyob (qhov siab 910, 1520 thiab 2210, dav 610, 780, 910, 1210, 1380, 1510, 1810, 2110 mm) thiab pej xeem (qhov siab 12110, 1210,, 2410 thiab 2810, dav 910, 1210, 1380, 1510, 1810, 2110, 2410 thiab 2710 mm).

Standard qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm lub qhov rais qhib (GOST 23166-99), qhov rais blocks thiab lub sam thiaj qhov rooj tau nthuav tawm hauv qhov nthuav dav: qhov siab qhov tseem ceeb tau ntxiv - 580 thiab 1320 mm, dav - 2370 thiab 2670 mm yam tsis muaj kev qhia tshwj xeeb, hauv tsev nyob lossis pej xeem cov tsev lawv yuav raug teeb tsa.

Hauv cov tsev vaj huam sib luag, tus qauv ob-nplooj qhov rais yuav tsum muaj qhov ntev (qhov siab thiab dav) ntawm 1300x1400 mm, thiabntawm peb tis - qhov siab 1400 hli, thiab dav ntawm nplooj 2070 los yog 2050 hli.

Qhov ntau thiab tsawg qhov rai kuj yog tus qauv rau tsib-zaj tsev ntawm Khrushchev lub sijhawm. Rau lub qhov rais ntawm ob lub tis nrog lub qhov rais nqaim, qhov loj ntawm 1300x1350 mm yog siv, ntawm peb lub tis - 2040x1350 mm, thiab rau lub qhov rais dav - 1450x1500 thiab 2040x1500 mm.

standard sizes ntawm qhov rais qhib
standard sizes ntawm qhov rais qhib

Yuav ua li cas xam qhov qhib qhov rai?

Yog li, txhawm rau xaiv tus naj npawb thiab qhov loj ntawm qhov qhib qhov rooj rau lub tsev nyob hauv lub tebchaws, koj tuaj yeem ua raws li cov kev ua hauv qab no:

- los ntawm thaj tsam ntawm \u200b\u200bthe chav peb xam thaj tsam ntawm glazing qhov rais (sib faib los ntawm 8);

- peb txiav txim siab qhov siab ntawm lub qhov rais los ntawm tus qauv loj ntau yam (peb muab rau hauv tus account lub architectural tsos ntawm lub tsev, nws Kev sib haum xeeb zoo nkauj zoo nkauj);

- los ntawm kev faib thaj chaw glazing los ntawm qhov siab ntawm lub qhov rais iav, peb tau txais tag nrho qhov dav ntawm glazing;

- peb suav cov qhov rais rau cov uas haum koj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov dav ntawm tus qauv kab los ntawm kev faib tag nrho qhov dav ntawm glazing los ntawm kev xaiv dav ntawm lub iav ntawm lub qhov rais thaiv (peb puag ncig cov txiaj ntsig tau nce yog tias peb tau txais tus lej feem); - xaiv qhov dav uas haum rau peb nyiam.

Qhov tshwm sim tsis yog phem dua li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm SNiP, raws li qhov tshwm sim tau sib npaug.

qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm qhov rais qhib
qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm qhov rais qhib

Example

Cia ib chav nrog thaj tsam ntawm 40 sq.m - thaj tsam glazing yuav tsum tsawg kawg yog 5 sq.m. Nrog lub qhov rais qhov siab ntawm 1460 hli (iav qhov siab - 1210 hli), tag nrho ntev ntawm glazing yuav yog 4132mm, uas yog sib npaug rau 4 qhov rais nrog qhov dav ntawm 1320 hli (iav dav 1170 hli) lossis peb lub qhov rais nrog qhov dav ntawm 1770 hli (iav dav 1520 hli).

Thaum txiav txim siab qhov loj ntawm qhov qhib qhov rais, ntxiv 15 hli rau qhov loj ntawm qhov rais thaiv ntawm txhua sab rau tsaws rau ntawm qhov ua npuas ncauj thiab ntxiv 50 hli hauv qhov siab rau tib lub hom phiaj, ntxiv rau kev txhim kho lub qhov rais sill.

Cov lus xaus

Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias thaum tsim ib lub tsev nyob hauv ib lub teb chaws tsis muaj kev txwv nruj xws li kev tsim kho loj. Cov tuam txhab niaj hnub no (muaj ntau ntau ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam), tsim thiab txhim kho ob chav glazed qhov rais, muaj peev xwm tsim cov qhov rais blocks ntawm txhua qhov loj. Tab sis yog tias koj siv qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm qhov qhib qhov rais (SNiP P-A862), tom qab ntawd cov xwm txheej rau lub teeb pom kev zoo ntawm thaj chaw yuav tau ntsib, thiab qhov kev xaiv ntawm qhov ntau thiab tsawg raws li GOST tso cai rau koj txuag nqi piv rau kev xaj ib lub qhov rais blocks.

Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub thiab siv lub illumination xam raws li txoj kev ntawm lub tsev yuav tsum tau, nrog rau cov kev cai ntawm tam sim no GOST cov qauv rau standardizing lub qhov rais thiab qhov rooj lug nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav xaiv lub txoj cai loj ntawm qhov rais qhib, piv txwv li, tsim ib lub teb chaws tsev.

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