Cov neeg nyob hauv lawv lub tsev lossis muaj dacha, thaum kawg ntsib ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb: lub ru tsev pib xau. Qhov xwm txheej no kuj tshwm sim hauv ntau lub tsev tsev. Ntau lub tuam txhab tam sim no muab lawv cov kev txhim kho ru tsev lossis kho cov kev pabcuam, tab sis dab tsi zoo dua li ua haujlwm DIY?
Raws li koj tuaj yeem twv, muaj ntau hom ru tsev. Kab lus no yuav pab qhia meej txog cov teeb meem kev teeb tsa yooj yim, muab qee lub tswv yim ntawm cov cuab yeej vov tsev zoo li cas.
Nyob ru tsev
Thawj kauj ruam yog los txiav txim seb hom ntawm lub ru tsev feem ntau:
- ru tsev mos (nws kuj hloov tau).
- ru tsev.
- Nyob zoo.
- Folded.
khoom siv
Kuj tseem muaj ntau yam khoom siv rau mounting. Qhov no yog ondulin, thiab slate, thiab corrugated board. Txhua yam ntawm cov khoom no muaj nws tus kheej zoo. Cov cuab yeej ru tsev yuav nyob nrog tus tswv tsev nkaus xwb, uas yog: cov khoom siv lub tsev twg zoo dua los xaiv thiab siv lub ru tsev hom twg.
Cov cai hauv qab no yuav tsum ua raws:
- ru tsev uas muaj ob theem nqes hav yuav tsum yog daim duab plaub.
- Hibmounted nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm equilateral daim duab peb sab thiab isosceles trapezoids.
khoom siv vov tsev yooj yim
Muaj ntau tus tau pom cov tsev zoo li no. Thiab lub ru tsev ntawm txhua yam ua tau: sib npaug, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm turrets. Castles, tsis yog tsev. Qhov muag pom. Siv slate, cov txiaj ntsig zoo li no yooj yim ua tsis tau. Qhov no ua tiav los ntawm lub ru tsev mos.
Yuav siv cov khoom zoo li no, koj yuav tsum paub cov cuab yeej ntawm lub ru tsev hloov tau yooj yim. Cov vuas mos yog cov ntawv ntawm fiberglass, uas yog them nrog bitumen. Nws kuj ua raws li qhov tseeb tau zoo.
Feem ntau, cov khoom siv lub ru tsev mos yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Foundation. Feem ntau yog plywood lossis edged board.
- Qhov cua los ntawm sab saum toj thiab hauv qab ntawm lub ru tsev nrog lub qhov tso pa tawm. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv lub rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm ya raws.
- Txheej txheej. Koj tuaj yeem siv lub vov tsev.
- cornice strips tiv thaiv cov npoo ntawm lub battens.
- Pem hauv ntej trims ntawm qhov kawg.
- Npaj ntaub pua plag kom nce dej tiv thaiv hauv hav lawv tus kheej.
Cov vov tsev yuav tsum tsis txhob ntsia thaum huab cua kub qis dua 15 degrees. Yog hais tias nws tshwm sim hais tias lub installation yuav tsum tau nqa tawm nyob rau hauv cov huab cua txias, nws yuav tsum tau rhuab nrog ib tug kub cua phom. Nyob rau hauv tej chaw xws li ib tug ridge los yog eaves, los yog nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nrog ib tug me ntsis txoj kab nqes, insulating cov ntaub ntawv nrog polyethylene zaj duab xis los yog ru tsev xav tau yuav tsum tau pw.
Thaum mounted rau thaj chaw tiaj tus ntawm qhov chaw, lub ru tsev hloov tau muab tso rauwaterproof plywood. Thaum txoj kab nqes qis dua 30 degrees, tag nrho cheeb tsam yuav tsum tau npog nrog cov ntaub pua plag, tab sis yog tias lub kaum sab xis siab dua 30 degrees, ces rwb thaiv tsev yog siv rau cov chaw uas cov dej noo ntau tshaj.
Raws li nrog rau txhua qhov kev tsim kho, kev teeb tsa pib nrog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - kos npe, thiab hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum paub txog kev teeb tsa lub ru tsev muag muag. Lub hauv paus rau lub ru tsev yav tom ntej yuav tsum qhuav thiab huv si, thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntawv plywood uas nyob ib sab.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo
Muaj ntau qhov zoo ntawm cov vuas li no: zoo heev suab rwb thaiv tsev, yooj yim ntawm installation thiab lub teeb yuag, spectacular tsos. Tsis tas li hauv pawg no tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau ntau yam xim.
Txawm li cas los xij, lub ru tsev hloov tau yooj yim kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo, nrog rau qhov tseeb tias nws tsis tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau hauv huab cua txias, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab qhov tseeb uas yuav tsum tsis txhob txiav tawm - fading nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm ultraviolet hluav taws xob.
ru tsev tiaj tus nta
Cov cuab yeej ntawm lub ru tsev tiaj tus nyob ntawm seb lub ru tsev yuav yog: siv los yog tsis. Qhov txawv ntawm lawv yog dab tsi? Lub tswvyim ntawm "exploited" txhais tau hais tias tus tsim yuav raug siv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub ru tsev yog ua nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev uas nws yuav muaj zog hnav tsis kam, nws yuav muaj peev xwm tiv taus hnyav heev vim yog ib txheej ntawm cov khoom tawv.
Lub ru tsev tsis siv yuav raug nqi ntau dua, tab sis yuav hnav ntau dua. Lub ru tsev zoo li no kuj zoo heev thiab tsis xav tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Ua ntejua ntej txiav txim siab rau ib tug neeg txoj kev taw qhia, koj yuav tsum xam seb lub load tus qauv yuav raug rau.
Qhov zoo ntawm lub ru tsev tiaj tus yog durability, zoo tsos, yooj yim ntawm installation thiab txij nkawm. Nws muaj li cas lawm? Cov cuab yeej ntawm lub ru tsev yog yooj yim heev thiab nyob ntawm seb nws yuav ua li cas: built-up lossis self-leveling. Lawv cov ntsiab lus yuav ib txwm zoo ib yam: ib txheej waterproofing thiab ib qho ntxiv. Kev txhim kho lub ru tsev no tuaj yeem ua tau ob qho tib si manually thiab nrog kev pab los ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb.
Truss qauv
Cov cuab yeej ntawm lub ru tsev truss ncaj qha nyob ntawm hom kev tsim kho: inclined, uas so nrog lawv qhov kawg thiab nruab nrab ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev lossis cov ntsiab lus txhawb nqa, thiab dai, qhov tseem ceeb tsuas yog nyob rau hauv xaus rau ntawm lub puff los yog ntawm lub nqaj txhawb nqa. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev tsim kho "rigidity", cov qauv no tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm daim duab peb sab conjugated nrog ib leeg.
Cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa ntawm cov qauv truss yog qhov nyuaj heev, yog li nws tsim nyog qhia yam tsawg kawg nkaus. Cov qhov chaw uas yuav los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov masonry feem ntau yog huv si thiab tiv thaiv nrog ib daim ntawv tar kom tiv thaiv rotting. Tag nrho cov junctions ntawm ntoo qhov chaw yog ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev txiav nrog overlays (Bracks nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 10 mm). Lawv feem ntau yog ua ntawm lub kaum sab xis, tab sis kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo dua, cov qauv yuav tsum tau siv.
Mauerlat (aka txhawb nqa beam) yog tsau rau ntawm lub masonry nrog pins nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 10 hli, txog 400 hli ntev. Lub rafter so ntawm no thiab yog rigidly kho nrog ib tug hlau tsisthinner tshaj 6 mm. Thaum lub sij hawm lub installation txheej txheem, lub Upper khub ntawm rafter ob txhais ceg yog thawj tsau, tom qab uas lub parallelism ntawm lawv lub ntsej muag raug kuaj xyuas. Yog hais tias, txawm li cas los xij, lub qhov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob lossis lub qhov rais hauv qab nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm lub rafter, ces nyob rau hauv xws li mob nws raug tso cai txiav tawm ib feem ntawm nws, muab cov transverse struts ntsia los ntawm ib tug bar ntawm tib seem.
Nyob rau hauv xaus, kuv xav hais tias lub ru tsev, txawm nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau-storey tsev, yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev rau ib tug ntawm cov neeg nyob. Nws tsis yog ib txwm tsim nyog tso siab rau ntau lub tuam txhab uas muab kev pabcuam kho, qee zaum nws yog qhov zoo dua, tau kawm txog cov qauv ntawm lub ru tsev, ua txhua yam ntawm koj tus kheej thiab kom lub ru tsev tsis txhob tso dej los ntawm lub sijhawm ntev heev.
