Qhov kub ntawm qhov hluav taws kub ua rau koj pom tej yam uas paub hauv lub teeb tshiab - qhov sib tw dawb, lub teeb xiav ntawm lub qhov cub hluav taws kub hauv chav ua noj, txiv kab ntxwv-liab nplaig saum tsob ntoo nplaim taws. Ib tug neeg tsis xyuam xim rau qhov hluav taws kub kom txog thaum nws hlawv nws lub ntsis ntiv tes. Los yog tsis hlawv cov qos yaj ywm hauv lub lauj kaub. Los yog kub hnyiab ntawm cov khau ntaub khau ntaub ziab khaub ncaws.
Thaum thawj qhov mob, ntshai thiab poob siab dhau mus, nws yog lub sijhawm rau kev xav txog kev xav. Hais txog xwm, xim, kub ntawm hluav taws.
Nws kub hnyiab zoo li kev sib tw
Luv luv txog cov qauv ntawm kev sib tw. Nws muaj ib tug pas thiab lub taub hau. Sticks yog ua los ntawm ntoo, cardboard thiab paj rwb qaum impregnated nrog paraffin. Cov ntoo yog xaiv hom mos - poplar, ntoo thuv, aspen. Cov khoom nyoos rau cov nplaum yog hu ua matchsticks. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob smoldering straws, cov sticks yog impregnated nrog phosphoric acid. Lavxias teb sab factories ua straws los ntawm aspen.
Lub taub hau ntawm qhov sib tw yog qhov yooj yim hauv cov duab, tab sis nyuaj hauv cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg. Lub taub hau xim av tsaus nti ntawm qhov sib tw muaj xya yam: oxidizers - Berthollet ntsev thiabpoov tshuaj dichromate; iav hmoov av, liab lead, sulfur, pob txha kua nplaum, zinc dawb.
Lub taub hau ntawm qhov sib tw ignites thaum rubbed, cua sov mus txog ib thiab ib nrab txhiab degrees. Ignition pib, nyob rau hauv degrees Celsius:
- poplar – 468;
- aspen – 612;
- pine – 624.
Qhov kub ntawm qhov sib tw yog sib npaug rau qhov kub ntawm qhov hluav taws kub ntawm ntoo. Yog li ntawd, lub ntsej muag dawb ntawm lub taub hau sulfur yog hloov los ntawm tus nplaig daj-txiv kab ntxwv ntawm qhov sib tw.
Yog koj saib ze ntawm qhov kub hnyiab, koj yuav pom peb thaj chaw ntawm nplaim taws. Lub hauv qab yog xim xiav. Qhov nruab nrab yog ib thiab ib nrab zaus warmer. Sab saum toj yog thaj chaw kub.
Fire Artist
Nostalgic nco flare ntawm lo lus "hluav taws" tsis tsawg vividly: cov pa taws ntawm hluav taws, tsim ib tug cia siab rau; liab thiab daj teeb ya mus rau lub ntuj ultramarine; overflows ntawm reeds los ntawm xiav mus rau ruby-liab; crimson txias coals uas "pioneer" qos yaj ywm ci.
Qhov hloov xim ntawm cov nplaim taws qhia qhov hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm qhov hluav taws kub. Ntoo smoldering (tsaus nti) pib ntawm 150 °. Ignition (kev haus luam yeeb) tshwm sim nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 250-300 °. Nrog tib cov pa oxygen, tsob ntoo hom hlawv ntawm qhov kub sib txawv. Raws li, qhov degree ntawm qhov hluav taws kub kuj yuav txawv. Birch hlawv ntawm 800 degrees, alder ntawm 522 degrees, thiab tshauv thiab beech ntawm 1040 degrees.
Tab sis cov xim ntawm cov hluav taws kuj txiav txim siab los ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. xim daj thiab txiv kab ntxwvsodium ntsev ntxiv rau qhov hluav taws kub. Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cellulose muaj ob qho tib si sodium thiab poov tshuaj ntsev, uas muab cov hluav taws kub ntawm cov ntoo liab. Lub teeb xiav romantic nyob rau hauv qhov hluav taws kub yog vim tsis muaj oxygen, thaum hloov CO2 CO yog tsim - carbon monoxide.
Cov neeg nyiam tshawb fawb ntsuas qhov kub ntawm qhov hluav taws kub hauv chaw pw hav zoov nrog cov cuab yeej hu ua pyrometer. Peb hom pyrometers yog tsim: optical, hluav taws xob, spectral. Cov no yog cov khoom siv tsis sib cuag uas tso cai rau koj los ntsuas lub zog ntawm cov hluav taws xob thermal.
Tshawb nrhiav hluav taws hauv peb chav ua noj
Chav ua noj roj qhov cub khiav ntawm ob hom roj:
- Main natural gas methane.
- Propane-butane liquefied sib tov los ntawm lub tog raj kheej thiab lub tank roj.
Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov roj txiav txim siab qhov kub ntawm qhov cub hluav taws kub. Methane, kub hnyiab, tsim hluav taws nrog lub zog ntawm 900 degrees rau saum.
Kev sib xyaw ua kua sib xyaw ua kom sov txog 1950 °.
Tus neeg soj ntsuam ceev faj yuav nco ntsoov cov xim tsis sib xws ntawm tus nplaig ntawm lub qhov cub hluav taws xob. Sab hauv lub teeb hluav taws kub, muaj kev faib ua peb thaj chaw:
- Tsaus thaj chaw nyob ze ntawm lub qhov cub: tsis muaj kev sib txuas vim tsis muaj oxygen, thiab qhov kub ntawm thaj tsam yog 350 °.
- Kim thaj chaw nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub teeb: cov roj hlawv yog rhuab mus rau 700 °, tab sis cov roj tsis hlawv tag nrho vim tsis muaj oxidizer.
- Ib nrab pob tshab sab saud: ncav cuag 900 ° C kub, thiab roj combustion tiav.
Cov duab rau thaj chaw kub ntawm qhov hluav taws kub yog muab raumethane.
txoj cai nyab xeeb rau cov xwm txheej kub
Thaum teeb pom kev sib tw, qhov cub, qhov cub roj, saib xyuas qhov cua ntawm chav. Muab cov pa oxygen rau cov roj.
Tsis txhob sim kho cov khoom siv roj rau koj tus kheej. Gas tsis zam cov amateurs.
Cov poj niam hauv tsev nco ntsoov tias cov hluav taws kub hnyiab tau xiav, tab sis qee zaum qhov hluav taws kub hloov xim txiv kab ntxwv. Qhov no tsis yog lub ntiaj teb kub hloov pauv. Qhov kev hloov ntawm cov xim yog txuam nrog kev hloov ntawm cov roj muaj pes tsawg leeg. Ntshiab methane hlawv tsis muaj xim thiab tsw tsw. Rau kev nyab xeeb vim li cas, sulfur yog ntxiv rau cov roj hauv tsev, uas, thaum kub hnyiab, tig cov roj xiav thiab ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj qhov tsw ntxhiab tsw.
Cov tsos ntawm txiv kab ntxwv thiab daj xim nyob rau hauv qhov hluav taws kub ntawm lub burner qhia hais tias yuav tsum tau rau kev tiv thaiv manipulations nrog lub qhov cub. Masters yuav ntxuav cov cuab yeej, tshem tawm cov plua plav thiab soot, qhov kub hnyiab uas hloov xim ntawm qhov hluav taws kub.
Qee zaum qhov hluav taws kub hauv lub qhov cub tig liab. Qhov no yog lub teeb liab ntawm cov ntsiab lus txaus ntshai ntawm carbon monoxide nyob rau hauv cov khoom combustion. Kev muab cov pa oxygen rau cov roj tsawg heev uas lub qhov cub txawm tawm mus. Cov pa roj carbon monoxide tsis qab thiab tsis muaj ntxhiab, thiab ib tus neeg nyob ze ntawm qhov chaw tso tawm cov khoom tsis zoo yuav pom lig dhau lawm tias nws tau raug tshuaj lom. Yog li ntawd, cov xim liab ntawm cov roj yuav tsum tau hu tam sim ntawm tus tswv rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kho cov khoom siv.
