Kev muag dej yog qhov tseem ceeb

Kev muag dej yog qhov tseem ceeb
Kev muag dej yog qhov tseem ceeb

Video: Kev muag dej yog qhov tseem ceeb

Video: Kev muag dej yog qhov tseem ceeb
Video: Thov Txim Qhov Kuv Txav Deb Ntawm Koj (Official Music Video 2022) N. Vajxob Xyooj & N. Vanxay lauj 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Yuav luag txhua tus paub tias cov dej uas peb siv hauv lub neej yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov hu ua "hardness". Lub tswv yim no txhais tau hais tias qib ntawm nws cov saturation nrog magnesium thiab calcium cations. Cov dej Softening tuaj yeem txhim kho nws qhov zoo.

Dej softening
Dej softening

Hauv dej "nyuaj", cov khoom lag luam tau boiled rau lub sijhawm ntev, qee cov tshuaj ntxuav tes, hmoov thiab xab npum siv tsis tau "xws li", thiab cov quav hniav (nplai), muaj cov pob zeb hauv av, cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kav dej thiab hauv kettles. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov dej no tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntsev tso rau hauv tib neeg lub cev lossis hauv cov tsiaj.

Dej softening yog nqa tawm kom tshem tawm cov hardness ntsev nyob rau hauv nws. Txhua tus kais dej, ntxiv rau kev ua kom huv los ntawm impurities thiab cov kab mob, ua tiav cov txheej txheem tshem tawm magnesium thiab calcium ntsev. Cov dej softening tuaj yeem ua tau ntau yam. Kev xaiv ntawm ib lossis lwm qhov ntawm lawv yog txiav txim siab los ntawm hom thiab qhov loj ntawm cov dej hardness, nrog rau raws li kev ua tau zoo thiab kev lag luam.

Dej softening hauv tsev
Dej softening hauv tsev

Nws tuaj yeem ua kom sov (raws li dej cua sov), reagent (raws li kev khi ntawm magnesium thiab calcium ions nrog qee cov reagents, ua raws li kev pom ntawm cov tshuaj insoluble) los yog ib txoj kev ua ke (sib txuas ntau txoj hauv kev kho dej). Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib pauv ion kuj yog dav heev, nyob rau hauv uas dej yog lim los ntawm tej yam khoom tshwj xeeb. Nrog rau txoj kev ua no, kev sib pauv ntawm hydrogen thiab sodium ions, uas yog ib feem ntawm cov lim dej, rau magnesium thiab calcium ions. Ntau yam khoom siv los lim dej. Qee tus ntawm lawv yog cov hauv paus chiv keeb, tab sis sib txawv hluavtaws resins feem ntau yog siv. Ntawm cov txheej txheem niaj hnub niaj hnub ntawm cov dej softening, nanofiltration yuav tsum tau qhia.

Dej softening tom tsev
Dej softening tom tsev

Softened dej muab los ntawm centralized dej system yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj ib tug hardness ntawm ntau tshaj 7 mg-eq / cubic dm. Tsuas yog los ntawm kev pom zoo nrog Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Kab Mob Kab Mob yog tso cai rau muab cov dej uas muaj zog txog li 10 mg-eq / cubic dm.

Dej softening hauv tsev yuav ua tau siv txoj kev reagent, uas cov dej qab zib thiab txiv qaub yog siv los ua reagents. Liming yog nqa tawm thaum nws tsim nyog los txo cov alkalinity thiab hardness ntawm dej. Soda nrog txiv qaub softens dej nyob rau hauv uas magnesium thiab calcium muaj ua ke nrog anions ntawm muaj zog acids. Tab sis tsis txhob hnov qab tias xws li kev ua haujlwm muaj nws qhov tsis zoo. Softening dej hauv tsev siv cov dej qab zib-txiv qaub txoj kev ua rau saturationkua nrog calcium carbonate thiab nce nws cov pH.

Ntawm cov txheej txheem yooj yim tshaj plaws, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg cov dej kub npau npau rau ib teev thiab tom qab ntawd muab tso rau hauv precipitate, softening nrog ntau yam alkalis (potash, ci dej qab zib, ammonia), softening nrog almond bran tau los ntawm kev sib tsoo qab zib almond noob. Cov dej npaj rau kev siv hauv tsev tuaj yeem ua rau muag nrog cov brine zoo tib yam lossis ntxhua khaub ncaws xab npum. Rau kev kho dej hauv tsev, cov tshuaj softeners tshwj xeeb yog siv uas zoo li lub zais pa lossis lub qhov cub hauv lawv qhov tsos, uas tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv chav ua noj yooj yim.

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