Pib kho dua tshiab, peb tau ntsib ntau yam teeb meem uas xav tau kev daws teeb meem zoo. Piv txwv li, muaj ntau yam kev sib txuas lus hauv tsev uas xav tau kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev raug kub hnyiab.
cov khoom siv
Tau kawg, niaj hnub no muaj kev xaiv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom sib txawv, tab sis qhov twg yuav xav tau nyob rau hauv ib rooj plaub tshwj xeeb? Thaum cov ntsiab lus hlau tsis tu ncua lossis qee zaus cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv tshav kub yuav pab tiv thaiv lawv. Cov khoom uas xav tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yog:
- Kimney.
- Oven.
- roj teeb cua sov.
- Pib rau ntau lub hom phiaj.
- Automotive qhov chaw.
Composition of enamels
Raws li tau hais los saum no, enamel rau hlau yog cov xim uas paub, uas txhais tau tias nws yuav pab tau kom nco qab tias nws yog dab tsi. Kev tsim cov xim kub-resistant tsis txawv ntawm kev tsim cov khoom zoo sib xws, tab sis lawv muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb uas ua rau cov khoom tiv taus kub.
Kub-resistant enamels yog tsim los ntawm cov kua roj vanish, tab sis ntxiv rau cov xim xim,ntau lwm cov fillers tau ntxiv, nyob ntawm seb cov khoom xav tau. Cov khoom tom kawg, nyob rau hauv lem, cuam tshuam lub hom phiaj ntawm cov xim. Piv txwv li, kub-resistant dub enamel tsuas yog siv rau kev ua cov hlau ferrous, muaj ntau hom tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov uas tsis yog-ferrous, thiab tseem muaj cov khoom siv los ua haujlwm nrog cov hlau.
Kev siv tshwj xeeb
Qee qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg tuaj yeem ua rau cov xim tiv taus corrosion thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg. Muaj cov khoom uas tsis muaj dej tsis zoo thiab tiv thaiv txhua qhov dej nag. Yog li ntawd, lub xub ntiag ntawm fillers nyob rau hauv lub composition ntawm enamel yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Nyob rau hauv lem, cov xim xim tsuas yog siv los muab qee yam xim thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau nws cov khoom. Cov xim enamel tseem ceeb muaj nyob rau hauv lub khw yog xim dub thiab dawb, thiab cov xim xaiv kuj muaj nyob rau hauv lub sab hauv ntawm chav tsev xav tau nws.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ua los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv tshav kub "Certa" yog kev khaws cia ntawm cov hlau sib txuas uas raug kub los yog qis. Nws tsim nyog xav txog tias, nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xaiv hom enamel cais.
Cov xim kub-resistant tuaj yeem khaws cov hlau ntawm qhov kub ntawm + 500 Celsius, thiab qhov no yog vim qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov hmoov hlau tshwj xeeb rau cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, uas tsis tso cai rau kub nkag mus rau saum npoo, thiab yog li khaws cia. kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov hlau. Thaum xaiv hom enamel, kuj tseem muaj ntau yam sib txawv los xav txog.
Ntau yam enamels
Cia peb xav txog hom enamel nyob ntawm ntau yam khoom:
- Weather Resistant - Siv cov pa roj carbon tsawg. Nws suav hais tias yog cov khoom siv ceev ceev, muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv corrosion. Enamel muaj zinc.
- Roj resistant - siv nyob rau hauv shipbuilding, tshuab tsev, aircraft tsev, rau kev railways thiab automotive khoom nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm nce qib ntawm corrosive tshuaj. Nws feem ntau yog siv los ua cov ntim khoom rau kev khaws cia, kev thauj mus los ntawm cov roj thiab cov roj nplua nyeem. Enamel pab txhawb rau kev khaws cia ntev ntawm ntau qhov chaw hlau.
- Tshuaj tiv thaiv - tsim los rau pleev xim rau qhov chaw uas nyob rau hauv qhov kev cuam tshuam tas li ntawm ntau cov kua qaub thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj. Nws muaj zog tiv thaiv dej, tsis qiv nws tus kheej rau qhov kub thiab txias, tshem tawm pwm, fungi thiab yog ib qho khoom zoo rau ib puag ncig.
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv
Raws li twb tau hais lawm, kom ua tiav cov cua sov, ntau yam khoom ntxiv tau suav nrog hauv cov xim, nyob ntawm seb tus yam ntxwv xav tau. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov organic resin rau enamel nce lub sij hawm kom tiav ziab, cov khoom ua kom nws elastic thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv zoo.
Tsis tas li, cov hmoov txhuas feem ntau ntxiv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv tshav kub, uas nce qib mus rau qhov kub ntawm +600 degrees. Feem ntau, qhov no additive yog nyob rau hauv lub Upper txheej.cov xim, uas tso cai rau koj los tsim ib txheej ntawm qhov chaw nrog kev tiv thaiv siab los ntawm kev cuam tshuam sab nraud. Enamel Certa, muaj cov additive nyob rau hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, pab rau qhov tseeb tis ntawm kub tshaj hlau kev sib txuas lus, uas txhais tau hais tias nws tiv thaiv overheating thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem corrosion, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv welds.
Kev faib tawm ntawm cov enamels
Enamel rau hlau yog qhov txawv tsis yog los ntawm cov khoom, tab sis kuj tsom rau qhov kub thiab txias:
- Xim yam tsis muaj tshuaj ntxiv tuaj yeem tiv taus 80-degree kub.
- Thaum qhov chaw raug cuam tshuam los ntawm +100 ⁰С, acrylic lossis alkyd xim yog siv nrog ntxiv ntawm cov xim tsim nyog. Ua tsaug rau lawv, qhov zoo li qub ntawm qhov chaw yog khaws cia rau lub sijhawm ntev, fading, tarnishing thiab cua sov ntau dhau yog tiv thaiv. Feem ntau tso tawm los ntawm cov tuam ntxhab hauv kev lag luam hauv daim ntawv ntawm aerosols.
- Kub ntawm 80 txog 120 ⁰С txhais tau tias siv polyurethane, acrylic xim thiab epoxy kub-resistant enamel.
- Heat-resistant acrylic, epoxy thiab polyurethane enamels yog siv rau kev ua hlau nyob rau hauv tus ntawm +200 ⁰С.
- Thaum qhov kub ntawm 200 txog 400 ⁰С, cov khoom siv pleev xim ib qho nrog cov hmoov txhuas ntxiv yog siv.
- Ua haujlwm nrog qhov kub siab tshaj 500 degrees, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv hluav taws xob yog siv nrog ntxiv ntawm silicone, aluminium thiab zinc hmoov. Feem ntau muaj xws li tshuaj tsuag thiab aerosol.
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv no thiab suav nrogmuaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov khoom, tus nqi yuav txawv. Thaum tshav kub kub-resistant enamel yog tsim los ntawm tej yam khoom nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg, yog li xws li inclusions inevitably cuam tshuam tus nqi. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaj tsam ntawm kev muag khoom yog cuam tshuam nrog tus nqi. Qhov nruab nrab, Certa enamel nqi ntawm 370 rubles. ib kg.
Qhov txawv ntawm enamel thiab xim
Yuav kom siv tau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kom zoo, nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias muaj ntau yam khoom zoo li no. Enamel yog ib qho kev ncua uas muaj cov kua roj vanish sib xyaw nrog cov xim, nrog rau ntau yam khoom ntxiv. Qhuav enamel tsim ib zaj duab xis rau ntawm qhov chaw uas muaj cov qauv opaque. Cov txheej txheej sab nrauv yuav tsum ua kom ntev thiab pab kom ntev lub neej ntawm ntau qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Thiab ntawm no ob qho tib si xim thiab enamel ua haujlwm zoo heev.
Qhov sib xyaw ntawm ob qho tib si feem ntau yuav luag zoo ib yam, tab sis txawm tias qhov no muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv. Muaj ib qho kev xav yuam kev: tib neeg ntseeg tias cov xim muab lub ntsej muag tsis txaus. Enamel muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg, tab sis zoo li cov xim pleev xim, nws tsim ib zaj duab xis rau ntawm qhov chaw. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hom nyiaj thib ob muaj zog ntau dua, elastic dua thiab nyuaj dua. Tab sis lub tshav kub-resistant Zerta enamel tsim ib txheej uas ua rau saum npoo txaus nyiam.
Npaj ua haujlwm
Thawj zaug, koj yuav tsum npaj qhov chaw rau kev siv cov enamel. Ua li no, nws yuav tsum tau ntxuav cov xim qub, xeb, av thiab hmoov av. Tam sim ntawd ua ntej siv cov enamel, qhov saum npoo yuav tsum tau degreased siv cov kuab tshuaj.
Tom ntej no, ua tib zoo sib tov cov xim,redistributing cov additives thiab dissolving cov sediment. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas cov enamel ntshiab muaj cov qauv tuab heev, nws tuaj yeem ua kua los ntawm kev sib xyaw nrog cov kuab tshuaj.
