Peb txhua tus tau ntsib cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yooj yim tshaj plaws. Ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm qhov no yog qhov tsim ntawm "cov yeeb nkab hauv cov yeeb nkab" lossis qee yam zoo li ntawd. Nws yuav nyuaj rau xav txog peb lub neej yog tias lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsis tau tsim. Niaj hnub no, muaj ntau ntau ntawm tshav kub exchangers. Lawv txawv ntawm ib leeg tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev txawj ntse, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub Scope, tsim, thiab lwm yam
Qee cov lus qhia dav dav
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob kub yog cov cuab yeej siv los hloov cov cua sov ntawm ib nrab mus rau lwm qhov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv nws tus kheej, tsis muaj cov khoom siv cua sov, tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, tab sis nyob rau hauv txoj kev koj tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo thiab ua tiav cua sov txawm tias chav loj thiab txias heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb tau lossi sim txo qhov poob ntawm cov cua sov thaum nws hloov mus rau lwm qhov chaw. Hnub no tsis taukhav theeb ntawm 100% kev ua tau zoo, tab sis peb tuaj yeem tham txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm 90-95%. Kev ua haujlwm, nrog rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom tau nce ntxiv los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb npaj, nrog rau lub coolant. Tau kawg, tag nrho cov no nce tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv me ntsis, tab sis nws tsim nyog.
Thaum tsim, engineers tau ntsib nrog kev tsis sib haum xeeb uas yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv ib lub raj mis. Piv txwv li, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txo cov hydraulic tsis kam thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ua kom cov cua sov hloov coefficient. Lub tshav kub exchanger yuav tsum tiv taus corrosion, tab sis tsis nyuaj heev rau kev tswj. Tag nrho cov no tau coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias ntau hom kev sib hloov cua sov tau tshwm sim. Ib qho uas haum rau qhov xwm txheej zoo tshaj yog siv.
Kev faib tawm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob
Raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, tam sim no muaj ntau lub tshuab hluav taws xob hloov pauv. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, lawv yuav tsum tau muab cais raws li txoj kev ntawm tshav kub hloov mus rau nruab nrab. Ntawm no cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau muab faib ua pawg hauv qab no:
- recuperative;
- regenerative;
- hluav taws xob cua sov.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws
Cia peb saib ze dua ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rov qab. Tus tsim ntawm cov khoom implies lub xub ntiag ntawm ib leeg-txheej los yog multi-txheej phab ntsa los ntawm cov tshav kub hloov. Feem ntau qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tsis tu ncua txav. Nws yog qhov nthuav tias nyob rau hauv xws li cov khoom siv, kev hloov hluav taws xob yog nqa tawm nrog kev quab yuam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv theemxeev. Tab sis qhov no tsuas yog siv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob mus tas li. Yog tias peb tham txog cov chav nyob nrog lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, tom qab ntawd rau qee lub sijhawm cua sov, evaporation, thiab cua txias yog nqa tawm, thiab tag nrho cov no yog nyob rau hauv cov kab ke. Cov khoom siv zoo li no yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv nrog cov thermal txav tsis ruaj khov. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias qhov kub ntawm lub coolant nyob rau hauv lub inlet thiab qhov hluav taws xob yog ho txawv. Feem ntau, xws li aggregates muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm coils thiab lamellar, ribbed thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv. Ib me ntsis tom qab peb yuav saib ob peb hom. Tab sis kev faib tawm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis xaus rau ntawd.
Regeneration units thiab hluav taws xob cua sov
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, ib yam li yav dhau los, lub tshav kub pauv saum npoo yog siv los hloov lub zog cua sov. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov chaw no yog hom nozzle. Nws plays lub luag hauj lwm ntawm ib qho nruab nrab accumulative txhais tau tias accumulates cua sov. Los ntawm thiab loj, tag nrho cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob peb theem. Nyob rau thawj theem, lub nozzle perceives ib tug npaum li cas ntawm tshav kub. Tom qab ntawd muaj kev hloov mus rau theem thib ob, thiab lub coolant yog pauv mus rau saum npoo ntawm lub nozzle. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum hloov cov ntws ntawm cov coolants. Nyob rau theem no, lub nozzle maj mam txias, thiab cov cua kub uas tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw sov, uas tej zaum yuav yog koj chav.
Regenerators yog cov tsis nyob ruaj khov. Lub nozzle feem ntau tsis txav, thiab cov txheej txheem thermal yog synchronously dua. Cov cuab yeej ntawm hom no feem ntau hu ua scrubbers lossiscua txias yees.
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob sib hloov hluav taws xob yog qhov hluav taws xob siv los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov cua sov. Hluav taws xob arc installation yog siv los hloov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob rau hauv thermal zog. Lawv tuaj yeem yog ob qho tib si ncaj qha thiab tsis muaj cua sov. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam yog induction thiab cov cua sov ua haujlwm. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob sib txawv tuaj yeem sib txawv, tam sim no peb yuav ua tib zoo saib ntawm txhua hom, nws cov peev txheej thiab cov qauv tsim.
Kauv cua sov exchangers
Cov cuab yeej yog ib khub ntawm kauv raws. Lawv feem ntau cua ncig lub hauv paus muab faib. Ua li no, lawv yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv dov. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txuas tau zoo haum rau cov cua sov thiab cov kua dej txias nrog lub siab viscosity.
Los ntawm thiab loj, cov cua sov saum npoo yog tsim los ntawm ob daim hlau, uas yog txuas rau hauv cov tub ntxhais los ntawm kev siv vuam. Chav tsev nws tus kheej tsuas muaj 2 raws, feem ntau yog cov duab plaub, ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug kauv. Qhov kawg ntawm cov kauv (sab hauv) muaj cov phab ntsa sib faib thiab kho nrog pins. Thaum tshav kub kub exchangers tuaj yeem ua tau ob qho tib si ntsug thiab kab rov tav. Yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem nruab ib hom vim qhov chaw tsis txaus lossis kev teeb tsa nyuaj ntawm chav tsev, ces qhov thib ob, qhov zoo dua, yog siv. Nws kuj yog qhov nthuav tias cov neeg siv khoom tuaj yeem xaiv cov kauvThaum tshav kub kub exchangers nrog txawv kauv dav, los ntawm 20 mus rau 150 centimeters. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov cua sov tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm 3.2 txog 100 square metres nrog lub siab tshaj plaws ntawm 1 MPa.
Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv no muaj ntau qhov zoo. Ua ntej, nws yog txo qis hydraulic tsis kam. Thib ob, compactness thiab high efficiency thiab kub hloov siv. Tab sis tag nrho cov no tau ua rau qhov tseeb tias muaj qhov tsis zoo nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev tsim qauv thiab kho.
About phaj kub exchangers
Tam sim no, collapsible thiab tsis-separable phaj kub exchangers yog tsim. Lawm, thawj hom yog nyiam dua vim muaj ntau yam. Ua ntej, nws yog qhov yooj yim ntawm kev saib xyuas. Cov cuab yeej zoo li no yog disassembled sai heev thiab sib sau ua ke, yog li txhua qhov kev puas tsuaj raug tshem tawm hauv lub sijhawm luv luv. Cov qauv tsis sib cais feem ntau tsis kho, thiab yog tias lawv muaj, ces ntev dua.
Qhov tseeb, lub npe qhia tias cov khoom siv no muaj ib pob ntawm cov phaj prefabricated. Lawv tuaj yeem ua los ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv xws li tooj liab, titanium, graphite, thiab lwm yam. Yuav luag txhua lub sijhawm, txhawm rau txhim kho cov khoom ua tau zoo, cov phaj yog ua corrugated. Nyob rau hauv phaj kub exchangers, ntws ntawm txias thiab kub coolant kis nyob rau hauv txheej.
Cov khoom siv nws tus kheej yog qhov zoo vim nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau. Qhov no ua rau nws tuaj yeem ua rau thaj tsam ntawm qhov chaw sib pauv cua sov thiab haum rau txhua qhov no rau hauv qhov me me. Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej kev yuav khoom, kev suav ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau ua tiav, uas tso cai rau koj kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub zog ntawm lub cuab yeej xav tau nyob rau hauv ib rooj plaub tshwj xeeb. Nws yuav tsum tau to taub tias tag nrho cov phaj uas tau rub ua ke hauv ib pob ntawv raws ntawm lawv tus kheej vim yog tib yam. Cov kua dej ntws los ntawm lawv. Zoo, tam sim no peb yuav saib ob peb qhov nthuav dav ntxiv uas cuam tshuam nrog cov cuab yeej no.
Siv gaskets
Raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov hluav taws xob yog daim hlau. Lawv txias stamped. Rau qhov no, corrosion-resistant alloys yog siv, uas yuav ua rau kom lub durability thiab efficiency ntawm chav tsev. Lub thickness ntawm daim hlau, nyob ntawm tus qauv, tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm 0.4 mus rau 1.0 hli. Nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm ua hauj lwm, cov phaj yog nruj nreem nias rau ib leeg. Hauv qhov no, me me slotted channel raug tsim. Nyob rau sab pem hauv ntej muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb zawj, ib tug roj hmab gasket (seal) yog ntsia rau ntawd. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov gaskets muaj qhov tsim nyog rau kev muab thiab tshem tawm cov kua dej. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas ib qho ntawm lub qhov tawg los ntawm, ib qho txheej txheem ntawm cov grooves yog muab los tiv thaiv kev sib xyaw ntawm cov xov xwm txias thiab kub.
Vim yog qhov kev tsim tawm ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm ob qhov kev tshaj tawm, nws muaj peev xwm ua tiav tsis yog kev txhim kho hauv qhov kub thiab txias, tab sis kuj hloov tau sai dua nrog cov hydraulic me me. Nws yuav tsis yog superfluous hais tias lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm yog raws li countercurrent, uas yog, lub zog ntawm cua sov thiabcua sov kua nyob rau hauv ntau cov lus qhia. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev sib tov, muab ob npaug rau roj hmab foob lossis lub phaj hlau. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov phaj thiab cov channel tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv. Ua ntej kev tsim, kev ntsuas thermal ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau ua tiav, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los txiav txim siab hom kev ua haujlwm zoo. Qee lub sij hawm cov alloys kim kim yog siv uas tsis ntshai ntawm kev ua haujlwm mus sij hawm ntev hauv qhov chaw nruj heev.
Plate-Fin Kub Exchangers
PRT yog siv los hloov cov cua sov hauv cov xov xwm tsis muaj zog thiab gaseous hauv qhov kub thiab txias, txij li -270 txog +200 degrees Celsius. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub siab nyob rau hauv lub system tuaj yeem ncav cuag 100 cua thiab pib los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev. Tus tsim yog raws li lub tswv yim ntawm kev thov ib tug ribbed nto ntawm ob sab ntawm daim hlau. Cov khoom nws tus kheej muaj ob peb tav, ua tsaug rau cov cua sov hloov ntawm cov xov xwm yog nqa tawm. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias nws yog finned-phaj tshav kub exchanger uas muaj ntau yam fin duab. Qhov no tso cai rau koj hloov me ntsis kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo. Feem ntau koj tuaj yeem pom cov ribs txuas ntxiv thiab wavy. Tab sis ntxiv rau cov no, kuj muaj ntau kab txawv, xws li perforated thiab scaly sawv daws yuav. Sheet hlau feem ntau yog siv los ua cov khoom siv. Lawv lub thickness yog adjustable nyob ntawm lub siab nyob rau hauv lub system thiab cov kua siv.
Feem ntau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob no tau tsim nrog ntau hom kev ntws. Feem ntau, counterflow yog siv, tab sis kuj muajncaj-los ntawm, thiab hla circuits. Yog tias peb tham luv luv txog qhov muaj zog ntawm cov cuab yeej zoo li no, ces muaj ntau ntawm lawv. Ua ntej, cov no yog cov khoom siv ua haujlwm, xws li kev hloov pauv sai thiab hnyav. Qhov thib ob, nws yog qhov me me. Niaj hnub no, ntau tus hais tias nws yog finned heat exchangers uas yog cov tshaj tshaj plaws. Feem ntau, PRT yog siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam xws li lub zog, roj refining, tshuaj thiab aviation industries. Tag nrho cov no yog vim muaj ntau qhov zoo, nrog rau ntau yam ntawm cov kua thiab lub zog siv hauv qhov system.
Shell-and-tube tshav kub exchanger: tsim thiab nta
Ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv, uas peb tau tshuaj xyuas lawm, tsis yog nrov li lub plhaub thiab cov raj. Cov no tsuas yog cov khoom siv uas tau hais thaum pib, hauv qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws version - qhov no yog "cov yeeb nkab hauv cov yeeb nkab" system. Lub tshav kub exchanger ntawm hom no yog ib qho system (ntxiv) ntawm cov hlab uas muab tso rau hauv ib lub casing. Cov raj yog dov thiab welded rau lub cev ntawm cov khoom. Qee zaum, lawv tseem scalded. Qhov no yog ua los xyuas kom meej 100% nruj. Lub cev yog muab nrog cov nozzles ntxiv. Qee qhov xav tau rau kev muab chav, lwm tus yog rau kev tshem tawm condensate. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj transverse gratings nyob rau hauv lub casing, uas yog siv los txhawb lub tshav kub exchangers nyob rau hauv tag nrho ntev ntawm chav tsev. Interestingly, lub plhaub thiab lub raj kub exchangers yog siv nyob rau hauv kub ntawm 190 degrees Celsius los yogsaturated steam pressures tshaj 15 bar.
Txhua qhov system uas cuam tshuam cov dej txav tuaj yeem raug rauj dej. Qhov tshwm sim no muaj peev xwm ntawm ib feem los yog tag nrho deactivating cov cuab yeej. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov no los ntawm qhov tshwm sim, ntau hom kev khaws cia yog siv, lub npe hu ua expansion tanks. Tab sis nyob rau hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv, qhov no tsis tsim nyog, vim hais tias lub plhaub-thiab-tube kub exchangers yog heev resistant rau lawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis muaj kev txwv nruj rau kev huv ntawm ib puag ncig. Ib qho tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv no yog tias txhua hom kev sib hloov cua sov ntawm hom no yog cov hlau hnyav heev, uas cuam tshuam rau tus nqi kawg thiab qhov ntev.
Kub exchangers rau cov khoom siv roj
Nws tsis muaj qhov zais cia tias txhua yam roj lossis roj boiler muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv nws qhov tsim, lawv tseem hu ua cua sov. Peb twb tau txiav txim siab txog yam tseem ceeb. Raws li koj tej zaum pom, cov no los yog cov hom no yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam lag luam. Qee cov khoom siv tau pom daim ntawv thov dav dua, lwm tus siv hauv qee qhov kev lag luam thiab tsis haum rau lwm tus. Nyob rau hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv, kev siv tubular thiab phaj kub exchangers yuav siv qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, peb tab tom soj ntsuam nrog ib tug system ntawm raj, nyob rau hauv lub thib ob - nrog daim hlau. Nyob rau hauv txoj cai, tsis hais hom twg, lub tshav kub exchanger rau ib tug geyser yuav tsum tau raws li ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kev cai. Ua ntej, kom muaj lub siab hloov pauv coefficient, thiab qhov thib ob, kom ruaj khov thiab tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias. Cov khoom siv nrov tshaj plaws yog tooj liab, aluminium thiabhlau. Cov kev xaiv tom kawg yog tsawg dua, txij li cov hlau zoo li no hnyav, uas txo cov kev ua haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, lub tshav kub exchanger rau lub geyser yuav tsum tau pab tsawg kawg yog 5 xyoo.
Zaj lus
Yog li peb tau tshuaj xyuas cov hom kev hloov pauv kub. Cov hom xws li plhaub-thiab-phaj raug tso tseg yam tsis muaj kev saib xyuas. Nyob rau hauv txoj cai, lawv txawv me ntsis ntawm classic lamellar los yog ribbed. Tab sis feem ntau koj tuaj yeem pom lub qhov cub da dej nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob nrog lub casing. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias cov cuab yeej tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias ua haujlwm. Lub tsev tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xws li titanium, stainless hlau lossis carbon hlau. Nws yog qhov nthuav tias lub qhov cub da dej nrog lub plhaub-thiab-phaj hluav taws xob hloov pauv tau zoo tswj hwm rau chav dej lossis condensate, uas, tsis ntseeg, yog qhov zoo dua. Hauv paus ntsiab lus, qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav zaj dab neeg, txij li tam sim no koj paub txhua yam koj xav tau txog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
