Thaum tsim ib qhov project rau lawv lub tsev, cov tswv xav kom muaj chav nyob thiab xis nyob. Lawv xav txog kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv ntawm txhua chav, npaj cov rooj tog zaum. Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev zoo yog nws cov kho kom zoo nkauj, uas muab lub tsev nrog waterproofing thiab thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm phab ntsa, yog qhov tsim nyog barrier ntawm chav sov thiab cua txias sab nraud. Lub tsev muaj cov phab ntsa sab nraud thiab sab hauv - qhov twg zoo dua rau insulate?
Seathing phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev los ntawm sab hauv, koj poob qhov chaw nyob, thiab txias thiab noo noo txuas ntxiv cuam tshuam rau sab nrauv ntawm lub tsev. Yog hais tias cov phab ntsa sab nrauv yog insulated thiab sheathed, ces qhov chaw nyob yuav tsis txo nyob rau hauv ntim, yuav tsis muaj ntxiv load nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus, tab sis lub brickwork yuav cia siab rau tiv thaiv los ntawm noo noo, kub sib txawv, fungi thiab kab mob. Raws li kev txheeb cais, 40% ntawm cov cua sov poob hauv tsev yog nqa tawm los ntawm cov phab ntsa. Yog tias cov phab ntsa sab nrauv ntawm lub tsev tau ua tib zoo insulated, ces cov nqi hluav taws xob yuav raug txo kom tsawg.
Kev xaiv ntawm rwb thaiv tsev
Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas cov ntaub ntawv thiab xav txog seb qhov rwb thaiv tsev twg zoo dua rau kev coj. Rau sheathing sab nrauv phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev, ntxhia wool, muaj xws li dagntxhia fibers. Nws tau muab faib ua ob hom: pob zeb thiab slag. Nws yog muag hauv slabs los yog yob. Nws tsis cia dej los ntawm, tsis hlawv, tsis hnov mob rau dampness, yog resistant rau txhua yam kev puas tsuaj, tiv thaiv kab thiab khaws cua sov zoo. Nws yooj yim ua haujlwm nrog.
tuaj yeem siv los thaiv cov iav ntaub plaub uas ua los ntawm cov iav khib nyiab. Nws muaj cov khoom zoo sib xws rau cov ntaub plaub tsiaj ntxhia, tab sis thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm rwb thaiv tsev nrog cov khoom zoo li no, cov hnab looj tes tiv thaiv, daim npog ntsej muag thiab tsom iav yuav tsum hnav. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv qhov me me kom nkag mus rau hauv txoj hlab pa thiab qhov muag.
Styrofoam lossis nthuav polystyrene yog nrov heev. Cov phaj ua los ntawm cov khoom no yog lub teeb heev, muaj cov qauv ntawm tes. Nws yog cov khoom siv pheej yig tshaj plaws, yog li nws feem ntau siv hauv kev tsim vaj tsev. Muaj ob hom: ntom thiab ntxeem tau. Tam sim no muaj polystyrene ua npuas ncauj boards uas yog incombustible. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb zoo rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm koj lub tsev. Tom qab txhim kho cov khoom siv ntawm cov phab ntsa sab nrauv, koj yuav tsum tau siv ib txheej ntawm plaster lossis lwm hom cladding. Lub rhaub dej kub no tsis qhib.
phab ntsa rwb thaiv tsev
Muaj ob txoj hauv kev los thov cov rwb thaiv tsev rau saum npoo ntawm phab ntsa sab nrauv:
- Ib txoj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev tso cov phiaj sib koom ua ke, uas tsis muaj qhov khoob.
- Crate, khoom rau sab nrauv ntawm lub tsev, nyob rau hauv kab noj hniav uas tej daim ntawm rwb thaiv tsev yog ntxig.
Tam sim no txoj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev rwb thaiv tsev yog nrov heev, txij li nrog cov qauv zoo li notsis muaj cov khoom siv tseem hu ua "txoj kev txias" - cov no yog qhov chaw uas cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev tsis tuaj yeem sib cuag nrog ib leeg tom qab lub crate, thiab tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv ib daim hlab ntawm phab ntsa. Nrog rau txoj kev sib koom ua ke, cov vuas tau zoo sib koom ua ke, thiab lub tsev muaj kev tiv thaiv tag nrho, tsis muaj qhov khoob.
Thawj kauj ruam hauv kev rwb thaiv tsev yuav yog theem ntawm phab ntsa. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, qhov saum npoo yog plastered, tom qab ntawd ib txheej ntawm cov kua nplaum yog siv thiab siv lub phaj rwb thaiv tsev. Cov npoo thiab qhov chaw nruab nrab yog ntxiv nrog cov dowels tshwj xeeb, cov slots yog tshuab nrog mounting ua npuas ncauj. Yog hais tias qhov kev ncua deb ntawm daim hlau yog qhov tseem ceeb, ces nws yog qhov zoo dua los sau qhov chaw nrog ib txoj kab txiav tawm ntawm rwb thaiv tsev.
Cov theem tom ntej ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov phab ntsa sab nrauv ntawm lub tsev yog daim ntawv thov txheej txheej, uas yog fiberglass mesh lossis hlau mesh. Ib txheej tuab ntawm cov kua nplaum yog siv rau cov ntawv rwb thaiv tsev thiab cov mesh yog nias rau hauv. Smoothing txav theem txheej ntawm qhov cuab lub zog. Tom qab cov kua nplaum tau qhuav tas lawm, qhov saum npoo yog ntxuav thiab npaj rau theem kawg rau kev ua tiav nrog cov hniav plaster, uas yog tom qab pleev xim.
Plastered thiab pleev xim tsev
Tom qab siv cov rwb thaiv tsev, cov tswv lag luam tsuas tuaj yeem plaster lub tsev thiab pleev xim rau cov xim qhib. Plaster tuaj yeem ua embossed, voluminous lossis textured. Nws yog siv dav hauv peb lub sijhawm rau kev ua haujlwm tiav. Embossed plasters ntawm lub façade yog nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog du nto ua los ntawm tej yam ntuj tso khoom.
Txhawm rau tsim cov txheej txheej ntawm plaster, trowel thiab trowels, siv daim txhuam cev thiab ntau yam graters. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, koj yuav tsum tau ua sai sai, tsim ib tug nyem qauv ntawm lub hauv paus lub tsho tiv no uas tseem tsis tau qhuav. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho kom zoo nkauj nrog embossed plaster yog pleev xim rau kev ntxhib los mos nrog ob peb xim sib txawv. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, tom qab siv cov xim tseem ceeb, cov xim uas tseem tsis tau qhuav yuav tsum tau ntxoov ntxoo nrog ib qho tshwj xeeb mitten.
Tawm lub tsev nrog pob zeb ntuj
Lub pob zeb facades ntawm cov phab ntsa sab nrauv muab lub tswv yim ntawm kev ruaj khov thiab kev hwm. Lub pob zeb ntuj yeej ib txwm ua rau lub qhov muag zoo, txawm tias lub tsev tsis muaj kab tag nrho, tab sis tsuas yog, piv txwv li, hauv qab daus. Qhov no yog ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg thiab cov khoom siv ruaj khov uas tsim kom txias hauv tsev thaum lub caij ntuj sov thiab tsis tso cua sov sab nraum lub caij ntuj no. Kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm tau nrawm thiab yooj yim.
Qhov tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom no yog nws qhov hnyav. Kev xa khoom ntawm cov khoom yuav kim heev, thiab lub pob zeb nws tus kheej tsis pheej yig. Muaj ib qho khoom siv hloov pauv uas sib dua thiab pheej yig dua, tab sis nws lub neej luv dua.
facade vuas
Cov vuas Facade yog siv los kho kom zoo nkauj thiab tiv thaiv lub tsev los ntawm kev ya raws. Nws tuaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam: clinker, terracotta thiab hniav.
Clinker pobzeb zoo li cib hauv qhov tsos, tsuas yog du thiab ci. Cov vuas no tuaj yeem ua lub tsev ua los ntawm cov npuas npuas lossis cov xuab zeb-lime cib.
Tom qabkev ua haujlwm tiav, lub tsev tau txais qhov pom tseeb ntawm cov kab, qhov ci ntsa iab ntawm brickwork. Yog, thiab cov txheej zoo li no yuav pab tau ntev. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe thiab nyob rau hauv Russia, qhov no sheathing yog nrov heev. Cov pobzeb tuaj yeem siv los teeb txoj hauv kev ntawm tus kheej daim phiaj.
Terracotta thiab cov vuas zoo nkauj tsis tshua nyiam tab sis muaj cov khoom qub. Ntau yam xim thiab cov duab yuav nyiam cov neeg uas xav kom muaj tus qauv qub thiab tshwj xeeb rau lawv lub tsev.
ntoo vaj huam sib luag
Txij thaum ancient sij hawm, ntoo vaj huam sib luag ntawm cov phab ntsa sab nrauv ntawm lub tsev tau nrov heev. Tam sim no cov khoom hu ua "lub tsev thaiv" yog nrov. Tom qab npog cov phab ntsa, cov qauv ua zoo li lub thav duab ntoo. Cov khoom no zoo li kim thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo. Nws yog lub teeb yuag, yooj yim rau nruab thiab ruaj khov. Nrog rau kev puas tsuaj me me, cov khoom siv tuaj yeem xuab zeb thiab rov ua dua.
Sab nrauv phab ntsa kho kom zoo nkauj kuj tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov ntoo hauv ob sab phlu. Qhov zoo thiab durability ntawm cov khoom yog nyob ntawm qhov kev xaiv ntawm ntoo. Pheej yig thiab xis nyob hauv ob sab phlu ua los ntawm ntoo thuv. Tab sis yog tias koj yuav ntoo qhib, ces lub neej kev pab cuam yuav kav ntev heev: ntoo qhib tsis rot, nws zoo li kim, tab sis kuj kim.
Txhua lub phab ntsa ntoo yuav tsum tau kho nrog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb uas tiv thaiv cov ntoo kom lwj, tiv thaiv cov kab mob, pwm, thiab kab. Lacquer los yog pleev xim rau lub facade feem ntau yuav tsum tau. Qhov no yuav ua kom lub tsev zoo huv si.
Sib
Cov khoom siv yas niaj hnub yog tsim los ntawmextrusion los ntawm qhov ntawm ntau yam duab ntawm cov yas sib tov. Tam sim no lub siding yog tsim nyob rau hauv ob txheej: nws yog ntau ruaj, tsis-flammable, zoo tiv thaiv los ntawm dej thiab raws caij nyoog kub hloov. Cov khoom siv tsis raug yaig, tsis lwj, tsis muaj hluav taws xob, tiv taus kev puas tsuaj, thiab muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntev (50 xyoo).
Raws li hom kev teeb tsa, ntsug thiab kab rov tav vaj huam sib luag yog qhov txawv. Lawv tau txuas nrog tus kheej tapping screws.
Ntxiv rau cov yas, lawv tsim cov hlau sab. Rau kev tsim cov vaj huam sib luag, galvanized steel yog siv, uas yog qhwv rau txhua sab nrog ib txheej passivated thiab pleev xim rau nrog cov xim tiv thaiv.
xaiv khoom
Ua ntej koj txiav txim siab thiab yuav cov khoom siv cladding rau cov phab ntsa sab nrauv ntawm lub tsev, koj yuav tsum ntsuas qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Xav txog qhov hnyav, tus nqi thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom. Thaum muas, nco ntsoov xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm lub pob kom tsis txhob tau txais cov khoom tsis zoo nrog cov fab tawg.
Thaum yuav lub pob zeb ntuj, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas tias lub pob zeb yog xim zoo.
Cov ntaub ntoo yog xaiv yam tsis muaj pob thiab xiav.
Siding yuav tsum yog xim, tuab thiab zoo li.
Nws raug nquahu kom yuav cov khoom kim heev los siv cov kev pabcuam ntawm cov tuam txhab ntseeg siab uas tau ua pov thawj lawv tus kheej hauv kev ua lag luam, lossis mloog cov kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws tsim khoom.
