Thaum tib neeg kawm kom yaj hlau thiab tsim cov khoom lag luam los ntawm nws, lawv muaj peev xwm txaus siab rau cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov hlau (lub zog, ruaj khov, hnav tsis kam). Tsim lawv thawj masterpieces, blacksmiths xav tias yuav tsum tau nyias daim hlau. Nrog rau hammers thiab sledgehammers, lawv kuj flattened hlau blanks, tig lawv mus rau hauv tin, thiab qhov no yog thawj daim ntawv hlau. Cov txheej txheem tau ntev thiab ua haujlwm nyuaj.
Kev nce qib tsis nyob twj ywm, thiab yog li xav tau ntau thiab ntau cov hlau nyias, tsim cov cuab yeej tsim nyog, uas cov nplooj ntawv tau ua ntej forged, thiab tom qab ntawd pib dov ntawm dov mills. Thawj cov ntawv yob muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus thickness ntawm 0.8 hli thiab qhov ntev ntawm 710 hli los ntawm 1420 hli; nws nyuaj heev rau kev ua hauj lwm nrog lawv vim lawv loj thickness thiab me me qhov ntev. Yog li ntawd, lawv maj mam hloov mus rau cov ntawv yob nrog qhov loj ntawm 1000 hli los ntawm 2000 hli thiab tuab ntawm 0.6 hli, thiab tom qab ntawd - 1250 hli los ntawm 2500 hli thiab tuab txog li 0.5 hli, thaum cov tshuab niaj hnub tso cai dov ib daim ntawv los ntawm 0.25. mm tuab thiab ntev unlimited.
Thiab txhua yam yuav zoo, tab sis cov hlau, raws li koj paub, raug oxidation (xeb), thaum xub thawj lawv tsis xav txog dab tsi, lawv tsuas yog pleev xim rau nws, tab sis maj mam tib neeg kawm.npog hlau nrog zinc.
Ua ntej, cov ntawv hlau raug ntxuav, thiab nplai raug tshem tawm ntawm nws siv cov kua qaub. Tom qab ntawd cov kub-dov strip yog raug rau annealing thiaj li yuav muab nws tej yam khoom, lub cev thiab tshuaj. Tsis tsuas yog cov ntawv hlau tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv txoj kev no, nws tuaj yeem siv rau cov khoom siv steel: cov kav dej, strips, thiab lwm yam. Nws cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem ua tau siv ntau txoj hauv kev, lawv nyob ntawm seb hom khoom. Muaj cov txheej txheem kub dip galvanizing, electrolytic galvanizing thiab thermal diffusion.
Nyob rau hauv txoj kev kub galvanizing, daim hlau yog immersed nyob rau hauv molten zinc, qhov twg lub thickness ntawm txheej yog tsau, uas ua rau galvanized ntawv hlau. Txoj kev thermal diffusion yog siv rau cov khoom uas muaj cov duab complex, nrog rau cov threaded sawv daws yuav. Thaum siv cov zinc txheej, zinc ua raws li cov contours ntawm cov khoom. Nrog rau txoj kev electrolytic ntawm galvanizing, ib txheej yog siv los ntawm conductive rollers. Qee cov neeg siv hu qhov no txoj kev cathode. Nrog nws, ib feem ntawm cov hlau yog thauj mus rau hauv lub da dej uas muaj cov kua ntsev nyob, ces cov hluav taws xob tau dhau los ntawm nws. Nrog no deposition ntawm zinc, ib txheej yog tsim, lub thickness ntawm uas yog 0.5-10 microns.
Cov haujlwm zoo li no hauv cov hlau dov niaj hnub yog qhov xav tau, nws nyuaj rau overestimate nws, tom qab nws ua tiav qhov saum npoo yuav tiv thaiv los ntawm kev cuam tshuam.
Galvanization muab cov khoom lag luam steel corrosion kuj, tom qab ntawd lawv tuaj yeem siv los daws cov haujlwm tseem ceebntau lawm. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv automotive, kev tsim kho, roj thiab roj industries. Nrog kev siv cov zinc, steel ntawv hnyav hloov me ntsis, tab sis tau txais cov khoom ntawm kev tiv thaiv corrosion rau lub sijhawm ntev, nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 50 xyoo.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov ntawv ua tiav yuav tsum ua raws li GOST 16523-89, qhov dav ntawm daim ntawv - los ntawm 710 hli mus rau 1800 hli, nws thickness tuaj yeem yog 0.5 hli txog 5 hli.
Cov ntawv hlau muab faib ua 3 chav kawm, nws nyob ntawm qhov tuab ntawm zinc ntawm cov ntawv:
- chav kawm "P" muaj cov txheej tuab ntawm 40 microns txog 60;
- chav kawm "1" - los ntawm 18 microns txog 40;
- chav "2" - los ntawm 10 µm txog 18 µm.
Cov nplooj ntawv hlau tuaj yeem ua tau zoo tib yam thiab XIII nplooj ntawv, lawv siv rau lub hom phiaj kub stamping. Muaj ntau hom steel ntawv rau txias stamping: "H" rau kev tsim cov khoom los ntawm txoj kev ib txwm muaj; "G" rau txoj kev tsim khoom sib sib zog nqus nqus qhov chaw; rau txoj kev sib sib zog nqus heev, siv cov cim "VG"; rau txias profile - "HP"; rau cov duab tom qab siv cov ntawv "PC"; rau cov khoom siv dav dav, cov cim "OH" yog siv.
