Txhawm rau tshem tawm hluav taws, yuav tsum muaj tag nrho cov txheej txheem, suav nrog cov kav dej, hoses, li qub thiab lwm yam khoom. Cov cuab yeej no tso cai rau koj muab dej ncaj qha rau hluav taws. Tsis yog ib qho hluav taws kub tua hluav taws tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws kaw-off li qub, uas suav nrog lub qhov hluav taws kub. Xav seb hom twg muaj, lawv qhov sib txawv thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv.
Regulations
Hauv txhua yam ntsig txog kev tua hluav taws, kev tswj hwm tshwm sim nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv xws li:
- NPB 154-2000. Cov kev cai no nthuav tawm tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom siv tua hluav taws, cov li qub, cov dej tua hluav taws. Nws kuj tseem tswj hwm cov txheej txheem: kev ruaj ntseg thiab cov txheej txheem rau cov cuab yeej ntsuas.
- GOST R 53278-2009. Cov ntaub ntawv dhau los no hais txog GOST no ua cov ntaub ntawv hauv paus uas muab cov lus piav qhia meej dua ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tswj hwm tus nqi.
- FZ 123. Txoj cai no tswj cov xwm txheej raug cai thaum muaj hluav taws kub hnyiab, nrog rau kev ntsuas los tiv thaiv nws.
Cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm no tswj hwm txhua qhov chaw, los ntawm kev tsim cov li qub rau lawv siv thiabxeem.
Qhov no yog dab tsi?
Hluav taws xob valve (aka valve) yog ib feem ntawm crane. Nws tau nruab rau hauv cov dej hauv tsev rau kev tua hluav taws nrog cov kua lossis roj kub txog 50 ° C. Ib kawg ntawm cov khoom no yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug coupling, thiab lub thib ob yog ib tug pin (sab nraud xov) rau screwing nyob rau hauv ib tug coupling taub hau.
Kev tsim hluav taws kub li qub tsis txawv ntawm cov khoom sib xws. Qhov txawv tsuas yog nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla thiab cov khoom ntawm kev tua. Nyob rau hauv lawv tsim, lawv muaj ib tug flywheel, bushing, gland packing, lub taub hau vaj tse, qia threads, rwb thaiv tsev, valve nrog gasket.
Views
Koj tuaj yeem paub ntau hom tsiaj raws li cov yam ntxwv sib txawv:
- Los ntawm kev teeb tsa hom - channel, phab ntsa.
- Raws li hom qauv sab nraud ntawm lub hull - angled (90 ° lossis 125 °), ncaj-dhau, ncaj-ntws.
- Los ntawm txoj haujlwm - kaw-tawm, kaw- tswj, tshwj xeeb.
- Khoom - cam khwb cia hlau, tooj dag.
- Inner diameter - 50mm lossis 65mm.
- Los ntawm hom kev sib txuas - coupling / coupling, coupling / pin. Lub lug nyob rau hauv lub qhov hluav taws kub valve tso cai rau koj mus txuas ib tug hose nrog ib tug hluav taws hose (hlau hluav taws hose tip).
Ntau yam kev faib tawm tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm qhov kev txhawb nqa - kev ntseeg siab.
Valve requirements
Muaj ntau cov kev cai tua hluav taws:
- nruj ntawm cov khoom thiab kev sib txuas;
- nominal passage - los ntawm 40 mus rau 65 mm;
- ua haujlwm siab thaum lub sijhawm dej - tsawg kawg 1 MPa;
- ua haujlwm siabnqa tawm hauv qab lub valve;
- ua haujlwm kub yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 50 ° C;
- ntau zaus ua ntej qhib - los ntawm 4 mus rau 6, nyob ntawm qhov nominal passage;
- flywheel rotation - cai;
- kev ntsuas siab hauv 12 teev ua ntej muag.
Txhua yam kev xav tau no ua rau nws tuaj yeem pib lub kaw lus sai li sai tau thaum muaj hluav taws kub kub hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav.
Khoom siv ntawm kev ua haujlwm
Lub qhov hluav taws kub yog ua los ntawm cov hlau cam thiab tooj dag.
Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov khoom zoo li no yuav tsum tau ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha. Cam khwb cia hlau thiab tooj dag sib txawv nyob rau hauv xws li cov yam ntxwv, uas yog los tiv thaiv corrosion, lub zog thiab muaj peev xwm tiv taus siab system siab.
Txhua yam khoom no tso cai rau siv cov khoom zoo li no tau ntev.
Marking
Cov khoom ntawm crane tau tso tawm tsis yog hauv cov tsiaj ntawv, tus lej tsim, tab sis kuj muaj cov cim thiab xim ntawm lub cev pleev xim. Kev kos npe yog siv los ntawm kev casting thiab yuav tsum muaj cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no:
- nominal diameter;
- nominal siab;
- khoom siv lub cev;
- trademark thiab/lossis chaw tsim khoom lub npe;
- kev taw qhia ntawm kev muab khoom nruab nrab ua haujlwm;
- xyoo ntawm qhov teeb meem;
- xub qhia qhov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm;
- qauv ntawm gasket rau flange foob, thiab lwm yam.
Lwm hom kev kos npe raug siv raws li cov cai ntawm kev tswj hwmcov ntaub ntawv thiab cov cai.
Xim coding qhia tias cov ntaub ntawv twg yog ua los ntawm:
- dub - grey, malleable, ductile hlau;
- grey - carbon steel;
- xiav - alloy steel;
- xiav - high-alloy steel, corrosion-resistant thiab kub-resistant alloys.
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, lub qhov hluav taws kub tau nthuav tawm nws cov yam ntxwv hauv cov cim.
Txoj kev teeb tsa thiab kev saib xyuas
Ntau hom kev tsim tso cai rau koj los nruab lub qhov hluav taws kub hydrant valve hauv txhua txoj haujlwm.
Txhob nrog lub log hauv qab yog txwv tsis pub. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hluav taws kub, kev ua hauj lwm nrog cov khoom siv dej yuav tsum tau siv tau thiab yooj yim. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, txhua qhov thib ob suav, yog li lub valve yuav tsum tsuas yog qhib hauv 4-6 lem. Cov qauv tsim niaj hnub tso cai rau koj ua cov haujlwm zoo li no yam tsis muaj zog ntxiv.
Thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa, qhov nruj ntawm lub kaw lus yuav tsum raug soj ntsuam. Thaum txhim kho lub valve ntawm lub raj xa dej, lub gasket thiab cov thawv ntim khoom sib txuas tau nruj. Ua ntej kev teeb tsa, cov yeeb nkab yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom huv si ntawm av thiab xuab zeb.
Device requirements:
- Lub valve tuaj yeem ntsia tau siv lub taub hau txuas.
- Thaum tsis ua haujlwm (hnav) ntawm lub caj pas foob, nws raug hloov.
- Stem yuav tsum lubricated ib ntus.
- Kev tshuaj xyuas cov cuab yeej los ntawm kev xeem.
- Thaum cov khoom siv tas sijhawm, nwsdismantled thiab xa mus rau recycling.
- Lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm li qub nyob ntawm kev txhim kho thiab kev saib xyuas kom zoo.
Lub qhov hluav taws kub nres yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm kev tua hluav taws. Qhov ceev thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm nws siv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev yog nyob ntawm nws qhov zoo thiab kev teeb tsa kom raug. Thiab qhov no ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau lub neej ntawm ib tug neeg. Yog li ntawd, kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis ua raws li cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm nruj nruj ntawm cov tuam txhab lag luam.
Thaum yuav khoom xws li lub valve, koj yuav tsum thov daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev ua raws. Them mloog mus rau lub cim, yuav ua li cas kom raug nws yog thov thiab seb cov yam ntxwv kev sib raug rau cov yuav tsum tau. Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau koj coj cov khoom ntawm dubious keeb kwm. Lawv yog cov tsis zoo thiab kev ntseeg siab. Nws tsis tsim nyog txuag ntawm cov khoom zoo li no, lub neej thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tib neeg yog nyob ntawm lawv.
