Chav tsev yog tsim los ntawm peb qhov chaw tseem ceeb, txhua qhov muaj qee qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm tsab xov xwm, ib tug ntawm lawv yuav raug xam tias yog poj niam txiv neej. Nws yog nyob ntawm nws qhov siab tshaj plaws loads poob: zoo li qub los ntawm cov rooj tog zaum thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev, nrog rau cov dynamic - los ntawm cov neeg tsiv mus nyob ib ncig ntawm chav tsev. Ua-nws-koj tus kheej flooring yog ib qho ntawm cov kev xaiv pheej yig tshaj plaws rau kev ua kom zoo li no rau lub tsho tiav.
Lawv feem ntau yog raws li hauv pem teb slabs, thaum lub sij hawm installation uas nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau ua tiav qhov yuav tsum tau raug. Ntxiv mus, cov ntsiab lus no lawv tus kheej muaj qee qhov kam rau ua thiab sib txawv ntawm lub dav hlau zoo tagnrho. Lub pob zeb screed ntaus ntawv tso cai rau koj mus rau theem saum npoo. Cement-xuab zeb sib tov ua rau tag nrho cov recesses nyob rau hauv txoj kev zoo tshaj plawsthiab coj nws kom ze li sai tau rau qhov zoo tagnrho.
Pem teb kuj siv tau los ua kom sov hauv chav. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, cov khoom siv cua sov yog nkag mus rau hauv cov array ntawm qhob screed. Cov no tuaj yeem yog cov kav dej rau cov dej txias los ntawm cov cua sov los yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb. Lub tshuab cua sov tau muab tso rau tag nrho saum npoo ntawm hauv pem teb los yog ib feem ntawm nws nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev los xyuas kom meej cov cua sov zoo.
Cov khoom siv thiab cov cuab yeej xav tau rau cov cuab yeej khi
Cement-xuab zeb sib tov yog npaj rau ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm lossis xa khoom siv tshwj xeeb tsheb-pob zeb tov khoom. Txoj kev tom kawg no feem ntau yog siv thaum ua haujlwm hauv cov tsev qis qis. Npaj-qib pem teb screed muaj lub neej luv luv thiab yuav tsum tau siv sai sai.
qhov xwm txheej no xav tau ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm thiab lub koom haum zoo ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm. Ntau zaus, lwm yam cuab yeej siv nrog kev npaj cov khoom sib tov ntawm qhov chaw manually lossis los ntawm lub tshuab - hauv lub pob zeb sib tov. Mechanization ntawm kev ua hauj lwm tseem ceeb txo cov kev siv zog ua hauj lwm thiab ua kom cov pace ntawm kev ua hauj lwm. Thaum tsis muaj cov cuab yeej tsim nyog, nws tuaj yeem yuav ntawm qhov muag dawb lossis xauj.
Daim ntawv teev cov khoom tsim nyog rau kev npaj cov khoom xyaw suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- cement qib 400 lossis 500, uas yog qhov txuas ntawm tus kheej cov khoom ntawm cov muab tub lim;
- quarry xuab zeb, sifted thiab ntxuav;
- crushed pob zeb ntawm nplua feem - nws ua hauj lwm raws li lub ntsiab muab tub lim rau pob zeb screed, nyob ntawm seb nws lojhais nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm txheej;
- txuj dej;
- tshwj xeeb additives - plasticizers thiab modifiers uas txhim kho cov khoom sib tov thiab ua kom nws qhuav.
Qhov zoo ntawm tag nrho cov khoom thiab kev ua raws li cov thev naus laus zis yog qhov txiav txim siab hauv kev tsim kho cov txheej txheem thiab hnav-tiv taus.
Npaj nto rau kev ua haujlwm
Nyob rau theem no, cov txheej txheem qub yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm mus rau hauv lub hauv paus thiab ib qho delamination ntawm cov khoom siv hauv paus lossis rebar sticking tawm. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum cheb hauv pem teb kom zoo, tshem tawm cov pa phem thiab tshem tawm tag nrho cov khoom txawv teb chaws los ntawm chav tsev. Hauv pem teb screed tuaj yeem yog monolithic lossis ntab. Yog li, nchuav hauv pem teb sov yam tsis muaj damping hais raws phab ntsa tuaj yeem ua rau cov phab ntsa lossis cov plag tsev puas.
Raws li cov txheej txheem zoo li no, ib daim kab xev polymeric elastic nteg raws ib puag ncig tuaj yeem ua. Nws yuav them rau qhov thermal expansion ntawm screed vim cua sov. Qhov thib ob tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej ntawm xws li ib tug screed yog lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug waterproofing thiab tshav kub-insulating txheej. Lawv yuav xyuas kom muaj kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg tsawg thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm hauv pem teb sov.
Kev teeb tsa beacons
Rau qhov tseeb tshaj plaws ntawm qhov chaw thiab ua rau kab rov tav, siv cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb. Nws nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias strips yog ntsia thoob plaws hauv chav tsev, raws li txoj cai yog tsiv. Yog li, qhov ua tiav approximation rau lub dav hlau zoo tagnrho yog tiav. Raws lilighthouses siv T-shaped steel slats, uas yog ntsia rau ntawm ceev-qhuav gypsum-muaj mixs.
Kev txiav txim siab thiab cim lub qab ntug yog ua los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntsuas, uas cov kws tshaj lij siv cov khoom siv laser lossis qib hydraulic. Qhov taw tes siab tshaj plaws yog pom pom, nrog rau qhov cim tau ua rau ntawm phab ntsa ze tshaj plaws. Lub pem teb theem yog teem nyob rau hauv ntau tshaj ntawm tag nrho cov thickness ntawm tag nrho cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, coj mus rau hauv tus account lub fact tias nws yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 40 thiab tsawg tshaj li 20 hli rau lub screed.
Sau cov plag tsev nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes pib nrog kev tso ib txheej dej tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv vov tsev lossis cov yeeb yaj kiab polymer tuab. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm nws, thermal rwb thaiv tsev yog ua los ntawm extruded polystyrene ua npuas ncauj los yog polyurethane ua npuas ncauj. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog kev teeb tsa lub teeb pom kev zoo ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem. Txhawm rau kom ceev thiab ua kom cov txheej txheem yooj yim, koj tuaj yeem siv cov xov ncab ntawm cov phab ntsa raws cov cim hauv pem teb.
Npaj cov cement-sand mortar
Ua-nws-koj tus kheej pob zeb hauv pem teb yog ua tiav nrog kev lag luam lossis hauv tsev sib xyaw. Ua li no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau muab cov cement, xuab zeb thiab pob zeb tso rau hauv ib qho kev faib ua feem hauv lub pob zeb sib tov los yog lub thawv tshwj xeeb, sib tov kom huv si ua ntej qhuav, tom qab ntawd ncuav hauv dej thiab sib tov dua kom txog thaum tau txais homogeneous loj.
Qhov piv ntawm cov khoom yog txiav txim siab los ntawm hom cement thiab nws qhov zoo. Thaum siv ib daim ntawv cim 500, peb mus rau plaub feem ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab tib tus nqi ntawm cov pob zeb crushed yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau ib feem ntawm nws. Tus nqi ntawm cov dej yog txiav txim siab, raws li txoj cai, los ntawm lub qhov muag kom tiav qhov sib tov muaj qhov sib xws ntawm qaub cream ntawm nruab nrab ntom. Cov tshuaj nyias nyias yuav kis tau, thiab ib qho tuab yog qhov nyuaj rau faib kom sib npaug.
Filling floors with mixs
Txoj haujlwm no ua tau zoo tshaj plaws nrog tus pabcuam uas yuav muab cov tshuaj. Feem ntau, ua-nws-koj tus kheej flooring yog ua raws li hauv qab no:
- npaj sib tov yog rub los ntawm lub thawv rau hauv lub thoob thiab muab tso rau hauv ib daim hlab ntawm cov beacons;
- siv txoj cai, nws muab faib sib npaug;
- cuab yeej txav yog ua raws lub beacon rails, lub zog yuav tsum wavy, tsis ncaj.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov tshuaj yog faib nrog tsawg kuj thiab ntau tus sib npaug. Thaum smoothing, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj qhov khoob lossis kev nyuaj siab. Lawv filling yog nqa tawm los ntawm kev rov qab txav nrog kev ntes ntawm ib qho me me ntawm qhov sib tov. Lub sau pib los ntawm lub kaum sab xis tshaj plaws nrog maj mam txav mus rau qhov tawm. Cov txheej txheem yog ua nyob rau hauv strips raws lub lighthouses kom txog rau thaum tag nrho cov pem teb nto nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev yog tag nrho.
Tiav pem teb nto
Lub sijhawm kom qhuav ntawm cov pob zeb ua kom tiav yog ob mus rau rau lub lis piam. Cov txheej no yog tsim rau tso cov vuas luaj ceramic, linoleum lossis laminate. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qee qhov kev siv thev naus laus zis yuav tsum tau siv, xws li 3D nchuav hauv pem teb, ib txheej nyias ntawm nws tus kheej-levelling compound yuav tsum tau siv rau cov pob zeb ua vaj tse.
Niaj hnub nimno technology rau pouring ib tug self-leveling pem teb muab rau cov txheej txheem hauv qab no rau cov txheej txheem:
- daim kab xev tshwj xeeb thermal them nyiaj yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov sib cuam tshuam ntawm txheej txheej thiab phab ntsa, uas yuav zam kev puas tsuaj ntawm screed vim thermal expansion;
- sab hauv tsev nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej qhov ntsuas kub zoo (tsis qis dua 15 ° C) thiab tsis muaj cov ntawv sau, uas tuaj yeem ua rau qhuav sai thiab tawg ntawm txheej;
- ua ntej nchuav, lub hauv paus yog primed los xyuas kom meej qhov zoo tshaj plaws adhesion ntawm txheej rau saum npoo.
Cov khoom xyaw tshwj xeeb tau tsim los rau cov khoom sib txawv. Yog li, rau cov ntxeem tau thiab txheej txheej substrates, primers nrog lub zog nkag siab yog siv. Lawv tuaj yeem siv nrog cov menyuam kom ceev cov txheej txheem, txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov chaw uas txhim khu kev qha Impregnation tsis yog kom muaj qhov loj me yuav tsum tau siv.
Kev npaj thiab kev siv cov khoom sib tov
Tshwj xeeb qhuav muaj pes tsawg leeg yog muab rau hauv lub hnab nrog ntim ntawm 50, 25 thiab 10 kg, kev suav cov nyiaj yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov lus tshwj xeeb. Cov sib tov yog poured rau hauv ib tug pre-npaj thawv, ces dej yog ntxiv. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua maj mam, tas li stirring. Raws li ib qho cuab yeej rau kev npaj cov sib tov, ib lub laum nrog ib tug ceev maub los nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb nozzle yog siv.
Sau lub hauv pem teb tus kheej nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes yog ua nyob rau hauv ob theem: thawj txheej yog lub hauv paus, qhov thib ob yogkawg. Cov sib tov npaj yog poured rau hauv lub hauv paus thiab faib tshaj nws. Cov cuab yeej zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov no yog ib qho tshwj xeeb txhuam-hom roller. Qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov protrusions yog xaiv nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev xws li kom tshem tawm cov pa npuas.
Qhov kawg (tiav) txheej yog nchuav tom qab ob peb hnub. Qhov sib tov yog siv rau saum npoo thiab rov faib dua nws. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, ib tug roller nrog spikes yog siv. Ua kom tiav polymerization thiab ziab ntawm txheej txheej tshwm sim hauv ob peb hnub. Txhawm rau kom hnav tsis kam, cov plag tsev tau them nrog cov kua roj vanish tshwj xeeb pob tshab polyurethane.
Zaj lus
Kev ua tau zoo-nws-koj tus kheej hauv pem teb yog qhov ua tau, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem piav qhia thiab muaj cov ntaub ntawv txheem. Cov lus piav qhia ua ntu zus thiab cov lus qhia tso cai rau koj los ua haujlwm suav nrog txhua qhov nuances
