Txhua tus paub tias cov hlau nplaum nyiam nyiam cov hlau. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib lub hlau nplaum tuaj yeem nyiam lwm tus. Tab sis kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm lawv tsis txwv rau kev nyiam, lawv tuaj yeem sib ntaus sib tua. Qhov teeb meem yog nyob rau hauv tus ncej ntawm cov hlau nplaum - opposite ncej nyiam, tib tug ncej repel. Cov cuab yeej no yog lub hauv paus ntawm txhua lub tshuab hluav taws xob, thiab muaj zog heev.
Muaj ib yam li levitation nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm lub magnetic teb, thaum ib yam khoom muab tso rau ib tug hlau nplaum (muaj ib tug ncej zoo li nws) hangs nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Cov nyhuv no tau muab tso rau hauv kev xyaum hauv lub npe hu ua magnetic bearing.
Dab tsi yog magnetic bearing
Ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob uas muaj qhov sib nqus (rotor) tau txais kev txhawb nqa nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nres tsheb (stator) los ntawm cov hlau nplaum sib nqus hu ua cov kabmob sib nqus. Thaum lub tshuab ua haujlwm, nws cuam tshuam los ntawm lub cev lub zog uas zoo li hloov lub axis. Txhawm rau kov yeej lawv, cov kabmob sib nqus tau nruab nrog lub kaw lus tswj xyuas lub nra thiab muab lub teeb liab los tswj lub zog ntawm cov hlau nplaum flux. Magnets, nyob rau hauv lem, muaj zog los yogmuaj qhov cuam tshuam tsawg dua ntawm lub rotor, ua kom nws nyob hauv qhov chaw nruab nrab.
Magnetic bearing tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam. Cov no yog lub hauv paus muaj zog turbomachines. Vim tsis muaj kev sib txhuam thiab, raws li, qhov yuav tsum tau siv lubricants, kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov tshuab yog ntau zaus. Hnav ntawm nodes yog xyaum tsis pom. Nws kuj txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov yam ntxwv dynamic thiab ua kom cov efficiency.
Active magnetic bearings
Cov kabmob sib nqus, qhov chaw quab yuam tsim nrog kev pab los ntawm electromagnets, hu ua active. Qhov chaw electromagnets nyob rau hauv cov kabmob stator, lub rotor yog sawv cev los ntawm ib tug hlau ncej. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem uas khaws cov ncej hauv chav tsev yog hu ua active magnetic suspension (AMP). Nws muaj ib tug complex qauv thiab muaj ob feem:
- bearing thaiv;
- electronic tswj systems.
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm AMP
Radial bearing. Ib qho khoom siv uas muaj electromagnets ntawm stator. Lawv tuav lub rotor. Muaj cov phaj tshwj xeeb ferromagnet ntawm lub rotor. Thaum lub rotor raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov nruab nrab, tsis muaj kev sib cuag nrog tus stator. Inductive sensors taug qab qhov sib txawv me ntsis ntawm txoj haujlwm rotor hauv qhov chaw los ntawm nominal. Cov teeb liab los ntawm lawv tswj lub zog ntawm cov hlau nplaum ntawm ib qho los yog lwm qhov kom rov qab sib npaug hauv qhov system. Cov radial clearance yog 0.50-1.00 hli, axial clearance yog 0.60-1.80 mm
- Magnetic bearingthrust ua haujlwm tib yam li radial. Lub thrust disk yog tsau rau ntawm lub rotor ncej, ntawm ob sab uas muaj electromagnets mounted rau ntawm stator.
- Kev nyab xeeb bearings yog tsim los tuav lub rotor thaum lub cuab yeej tawm lossis thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov kabmob sib nqus sib nqus tsis koom nrog. Qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv thiab rotor ncej yog ib nrab ntawm cov kabmob sib nqus. Cov ntsiab lus kev nyab xeeb tau sib sau ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv pob lossis cov kabmob tiaj.
- Control electronics suav nrog rotor ncej txoj hauj lwm sensors, converters thiab amplifiers. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev kho qhov sib nqus flux nyob rau hauv txhua tus neeg electromagnetic module.
Passive magnetic type bearings
Permanent magnet bearings yog rotor ncej tuav cov tshuab uas tsis siv lub tswv yim tswj Circuit Court. Levitation tsuas yog ua los ntawm lub zog ntawm cov hlau nplaum uas muaj zog ruaj khov.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov kev ncua yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv lub tshuab nres, uas ua rau muaj kev sib txhuam thiab txo qhov kev cia siab ntawm qhov system. Qhov kev sib nqus nres hauv kev nkag siab tsis tau raug coj los siv hauv cov tswv yim no. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv kev xyaum, ib tug passive bearing yog siv infrequently. Muaj ib tug patented qauv, piv txwv li, ib tug Nikolaev ncua kev kawm ntawv, uas tseem tsis tau replicated.
Magnetic daim kab xev hauv lub log bearing
Txoj kev xav"magnetic log bearing" yog hais txog ASB system, uas yog siv dav hauv cov tsheb niaj hnub. ASB bearing yog txawv nyob rau hauv uas nws muaj ib tug built-in log ceev sensor nyob rau hauv. Qhov no sensor yog ib tug active ntaus ntawv embedded nyob rau hauv lub bearing spacer. Nws yog tsim los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub nplhaib sib nqus uas cov ncej ntawm lub ntsiab lus uas nyeem cov kev hloov pauv hauv cov hlau nplaum sib nqus.
Thaum cov kabmob rotates, muaj qhov hloov pauv tsis tu ncua ntawm cov hlau nplaum tsim los ntawm lub nplhaib sib nqus. Lub sensor sau npe qhov kev hloov pauv no, tsim lub teeb liab. Tom qab ntawd lub teeb liab raug xa mus rau microprocessor. Ua tsaug rau nws, cov tshuab xws li ABS thiab ESP ua haujlwm. Twb lawv kho cov haujlwm ntawm lub tsheb. ESP yog lub luag haujlwm rau hluav taws xob stabilization, ABS tswj kev sib hloov ntawm lub log, qib siab hauv lub kaw lus yog nres. Nws saib xyuas kev khiav hauj lwm ntawm lub kauj, acceleration nyob rau hauv lub lateral kev taw qhia, thiab kuj kho cov hauj lwm ntawm lub kis tau tus mob thiab cav.
Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm ASB bearing yog lub peev xwm los tswj qhov nrawm ntawm kev sib hloov txawm tias qhov nrawm heev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov ntsuas qhov hnyav thiab qhov loj ntawm lub hub tau txhim kho, kev teeb tsa ntawm cov kabmob yog yooj yim.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj sib nqus tau
Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws ua-nws-koj tus kheej cov kabmob sib nqus yog yooj yim ua. Nws tsis haum rau kev siv tswv yim, tab sis nws yuav qhia meej txog qhov muaj peev xwm sib nqus. Ua li no, koj xav tau plaub lub neodymium hlau nplaum ntawm tib txoj kab uas hla, ob lub hlau nplaum ntawm ib txoj kab uas hla me me, ib tug ncej, piv txwv li, ib lub raj yas, thiab qhov tseem ceeb,Piv txwv li, ib nrab-liter iav hub. Cov hlau nplaum ntawm ib txoj kab me me yog txuas mus rau qhov kawg ntawm lub raj nrog cov kua nplaum kub hauv txoj kev uas tau txais ib lub kauj. Hauv nruab nrab ntawm ib qho ntawm cov hlau nplaum no, lub pob yas yog glued rau sab nraud. Cov ncej zoo tib yam yuav tsum fim sab nraud. Plaub hlau nplaum nrog tib tus ncej yog nteg tawm ua khub ntawm qhov deb ntawm qhov ntev ntawm lub raj ntu. Lub rotor yog muab tso rau saum cov hlau nplaum dag thiab nyob rau sab uas lub pob yas yog glued, nws yog txhawb nrog ib lub hub yas. Ntawm no yog cov kabmob sib nqus thiab npaj tau.
