Qhov rai sashes yog cov qauv tshwj xeeb, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom muaj zog ntawm glazing teb. Lawv tuaj yeem siv tau ob qho tib si hauv cov tsev nyob thiab hauv ntau hom kev tsim tawm. Ntxiv nrog rau kev txhawb nqa tiag tiag, qhov rais sashes feem ntau kuj ua haujlwm zoo nkauj nkaus xwb. Cov qauv no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm ntoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem nyob ob qho tib si ntsug thiab kab rov tav.
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb
Ntxiv rau kev txhawb nqa thiab kho kom zoo nkauj, qhov rais sashes kuj ua cov haujlwm hauv qab no:
- cia ib feem ntawm lub qhov rais qhib rau qhov cua;
- muab cov rwb thaiv tsev zoo dua ntawm chav;
- ncig lub suab nrov ntawm txoj kev.
Cov khoom siv twg tuaj yeem siv ua
Ntoo qhov rais thav duab feem ntau yog sib dhos los ntawm cov ntoo mos. Cov khoom no yog resistant rau ziab tawm thiab ruaj. Feem ntau siv rau kev tsim cov qhov rais bindings:
- pine;
- fir;
- cedar;
- spruce.
Feem ntau cov ntoo ntoo kuj tseem siv los ua cov qauv zoo li no. Nws muaj peev xwm txhim kho cov ntoo khi, raws li cov qauv, tsuas yog hauv cov tsev uas muaj qhov kub thiab txias. Hauv kev tsim vaj tsev ntiag tug, txawm li cas los xij, lawv feem ntau siv rau glazing da dej thiab saunas. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog ntshaw kom muab cov bindings los ntawm larch los yog cedar.
ntau yam tseem ceeb
Kev khi tuaj yeem faib ua ntau yam:
- by tsim;
- by txoj kev ua haujlwm.
Los ntawm kev tsim, khi yog:
- Single. Cov qauv zoo li no feem ntau tsuas yog siv hauv cov tsev me me hauv lub caij ntuj sov. Ib lub qhov rais sash tsis tuaj yeem muab cov rwb thaiv tsev ruaj khov.
- ob. Nyob rau hauv xws li khi, ob lub iav twb ntsia rau ntawm ib lub thawv. Cov qauv ntawm hom no muab kev ruaj ntseg thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntau dua.
- paired. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug ntxiv sash yog siv nyob rau hauv tus tsim.
-
ob (paired). Cov bindings ntawm no ntau yam yog assembled los ntawm ob khub. Qhov no tso cai rau koj los tsim cov qauv tsim nrog kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws. Paired qhov rais sashes yog txawv los ntawm durability thiab rigidity thiab tiv thaiv sab hauv ntawm lub tsev los ntawm txias thiab extraneous suab nrov zoo dua li yav dhau los ntau yam. Standard nrug ntawm panesxws li blocks yog 53 mm.
- Muab ob npaug rau qhov rais sashes. Thaum sib sau cov qauv no, ob lub qhov rooj ywj pheej tau muab tso rau hauv ib lub thav duab, muaj peev xwm txav tau ob qho tib si hauv ib qho kev taw qhia thiab sib txawv. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov panes ntawm cov kev sib cais yog feem ntau yuav luag ib nrab ntawm cov pa ob qhov sib khi.
Raws li txoj kev ua haujlwm, kev khi yog:
- Sash. Cov no yog cov qhov rais tsoos uas tso cai rau koj kom yooj yim ua pa hauv chav.
- Dab. Xws li qhov rais kaw qhov qhib mus tas li.
- Nyob. Folds ntawm cov npog zoo li no kuj tso cai rau koj kom ua pa hauv chav, tab sis thaum qhib, lawv txav mus rau hauv tib lub dav hlau (feem ntau nce siab).
- Rotary. Xws li cov qauv rau airing chav lean ntawm chav tsev.
Tsis tas li, kev sib koom ua ke feem ntau siv hauv cov tsev hauv tebchaws. Hauv cov qauv zoo li no, piv txwv li, cov khoom lag ntseg thiab cov khoom txav tau tuaj yeem ua ke.
Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb
Txawm li cas los xij yog siv hauv tsev, lub thawv yuav suav nrog hauv nws qhov tsim. Nws nyob ntawm nws tias tag nrho lwm cov ntsiab lus txuas nrog. Tsis tas li kev khi lub qhov rais tuaj yeem suav nrog:
- sashes - txav qhov chaw ntawm qhov rais;
- hlua tuav faib cov glazing rau ntau thaj chaw;
- windows - me me ntawm lub qhov rais tsim rau qhov cua;
- transoms - lag ntseg sab saud lossis hinged qhov chaw ntawm qhov rais;
- ntxiv dag zog rau humpbacks, kev siv uas tso cai rau siv cov iav nyias;
- multipliers - lintels ntawm sashes thiab transoms.
Cov hlaws dai kuj suav nrog hauv kev tsim cov ntoo khi. Cov khoom no kho cov iav hauv lub sash. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov cua sov thiab lub suab rwb thaiv tsev, qhov rais casings tuaj yeem ntxiv nrog cov sealing gaskets. Lub qhov rais sashes tau ua tiav nrog kev pab ntawm fittings - tuav, hinges, thiab lwm yam.
Window frames
Rau cov tsev ntoo, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev khi no yog tsim los ntawm cov ntawv tuab tuab. Lawv yog sawn rau hauv tuav thiab ntsia tsis yog ib tug monolithic qauv, tab sis nyob rau hauv lem. Cov qhov rais loj feem ntau muab faib ua ob lossis ntau qhov chaw txhawm rau txhawm rau ntxiv dag zog rau lawv nrog mullions. Cov tom kawg tuaj yeem yog kab rov tav lossis ntsug. Muab lawv tso rau hauv lub thawv rau qhov muag tsis pom lossis los ntawm cov qhov (sockets) nrog spikes.
Lub thawv qhov rais tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke nrog lossis tsis muaj qhov nkag. Thawj qhov kev xaiv yog kim dua, tab sis kuj muab qhov kev sib khi zoo tshaj plaws. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, cov tuav ntawm lub thawv ib feem sib tshooj nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej dav hlau. Kev khi ntawm qhov tsim no muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws thermal rwb thaiv tsev.
Ventils
Qhov no kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev ntawm kev khi tsim. Lawv feem ntau yog ua tiav los ntawm qhov rais ntawm cov tsev me me hauv lub tebchaws. Raws li cov kev cai, lub qhov rais yuav tsum tau qhib nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li lub qhov rais sashes. Qhov siab dua qhov chaw no nyob, qhov zoo dua chav tsev yuav ventilated. Tab sis, ntawm chav kawm, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tsa lub qhov rais kom deb ntawm hauv pem teb ib yam nkaus. Txwv tsis pub, nws yuav tsis yooj yim siv.
Dab tsi yuav tsum yog qhov ntev
Qhov rai binding hauv ntoo architecture plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Tib yam siv rau kev tsim vaj tsev pob zeb thiab cib. Tau koom nrog kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev ntiag tug suburban, ib qho yuav tsum, ntawm chav kawm, saib, ntawm lwm yam, qee cov qauv SNiP. Yog li, raws li txoj cai, qhov loj ntawm lub qhov rais yuav tsum yog kwv yees li 1/5-1/8 ntawm thaj chaw hauv pem teb. Ua raws li cov lus pom zoo no yuav ua kom pom tseeb ntawm qhov chaw. Yog tias lub tsev nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntxoov ntxoo (piv txwv li, tom qab ntoo lossis cov tsev loj), lub qhov rais yuav tsum ua kom loj dua. Yog hais tias lub tsev nyob nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw zoo ci los ntawm lub hnub, nws ua rau kev txiav txim siab kom txo tau qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov rais thav duab.
Teeb meem dab tsi tuaj yeem tshwm sim
Kev khi ntoo feem ntau siv sijhawm ntev heev. Tab sis, ntawm chav kawm, los ntawm lub sij hawm rau lub sij hawm cov qauv no yuav tsum tau kho. Feem ntau, cov tswv tsev nyob hauv lub tebchaws tau ntsib teeb meem xws li:
- xoob ntawm cov sashes nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm spiked kev twb kev txuas thiab distortions;
- gap ntawm sash thiab ncej thaum kaw;
- rov.
kho lub thawv nta
Tau kawg, cov qhov rais rotten thiab tawg yuav tsum tau kho kom sai li sai tau. Lwm yamrooj plaub, tom qab ib pliag lub qhov rais yuav tsum tau hloov tag nrho. Heev feem ntau nyob rau hauv bindings, nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ya raws thiab cua sov, lub thawv nws tus kheej yog puas. Qhov tsis xws luag tam sim no feem ntau raug tshem tawm raws li hauv qab no:
- iav tab tom dismantled.
- Qhov qis kab rov tav thiab qhov kawg ntawm cov kab ntsug uas nyob ib sab yog ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tsis xws luag nyob, siv rauj. Lawv maj mam coj mus rhaub cov ntawv khi.
- Rotten qhov chaw raug txiav nrog lub hacksaw. Hauv qhov no, nco ntsoov siv square.
- Txiav tawm qhov khoob ntawm qhov ntev uas yuav tsum tau muaj los ntawm lub bar tshiab. Ua ntej kev teeb tsa, lawv yuav tsum tau kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob.
- Cov ntu tshiab txuas nrog cov qub uas siv txoj kev ib nrab ntoo.
Yog tias tsim nyog, qhov qis qis nrog qhov chaw ntawm cov kab ntsug uas nyob ib sab raug tshem tawm tag nrho. Ntxiv mus, raws nraim tib yam tsim yog tsim los ntawm ib tug bar. Nws txoj kev sib txuas nrog cov hlua khi yog ua nrog ncaj spikes. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov pob qij txha tau ntxiv dag zog rau cov ntsia hlau, tso lawv lub kaus mom rau hauv ntoo los ntawm 2 hli.
Tshem tawm warps thiab gaps
Cracked windows thav duab (daim duab ntawm cov qauv uas muaj qhov tsis xws luag tuaj yeem pom saum toj no) feem ntau yog kho siv cov fab hlau tshwj xeeb, uas tuaj yeem yuav ntawm lub khw tshwj xeeb. Cov ntsiab lus no yog tsau ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm cov kab ntsug thiab kab rov tav. Ob tug ntsia hlau ntsia rau hauv txhua sab ntawm lub ces kaum. Yuav ua li casqhov ntev ntawm ob sab ntawm cov khoom txhawb zog, qhov ruaj khov kho kho yuav yog.
Qhov sib txawv ntawm lub sash thiab lub thawv ntawv khi kuj feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov ntoo qhuav. Tshem tawm qhov teeb meem no los ntawm kev siv lub rooj ntoo. Nws yog tsuas yog glued mus rau lub sash los ntawm sab ntawm lub hinges. Ua qhov no txoj cai nyob rau hauv lub qhib, ntawm chav kawm, yuav tsum tsis txhob. Lub sash yog thawj zaug tshem tawm ntawm lub hinges thiab lub ntsej muag kawg yog txiav tawm mus rau ntoo tshiab. Lub bar nws tus kheej yuav tsum yog 1-2 hli nyias dua li qhov.
Tshwj xeeb spikes
Cov kev khi no kuj rot ntau zaus. Lub stud yog hloov raws li hauv qab no:
- rotten element yog txiav nrog hacksaw;
- ib lub zes raug txiav tawm rau tus kab mob tshiab;
- tus tshiab spike nws tus kheej yog machined tiag;
- lub ntsiab yog smeared nrog casein kua nplaum thiab ntxig rau hauv lub qhov (socket).
Nws yog ntshaw kom ua tshiab spikes los ntawm cov ntoo ruaj heev - ntoo qhib, beech.
Txoj cai rau kev khiav haujlwm qhov rais sashes hauv tsev
Ntoo yog cov khoom siv nyob thiab ntuj. Nws absorbs noo noo zoo heev, raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov uas nws pib tawg. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau txuas ntxiv lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm cov qauv xws li qhov rais thav duab, lawv cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum tau pleev xim los yog varnished. Xws li kev ua tiav yuav tiv thaiv cov tuav tau ntev. Tab sis txhua zaus koj ntxuav qhov rais, qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov xim pleev xim yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas. Yog tias tsim nyog, kho kom zoo nkauj yuav tsum tau ua.
Tau kawg, thaum twgkev khiav hauj lwm ntawm qhov rais, nco ntsoov lub sij hawm lubricate lub hinges thiab lwm yam fittings. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob xoob ntawm lub qhov rooj thiab lub thawv. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj ib ntus. Lawv yuav tsum tau hloov raws li qhov xav tau.
