Cov tuam txhab lag luam thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev thaum sib sau ua ke lawv cov cuab yeej siv cov xim cim ntawm cov xov hlau txuas. Nws yog ib qho kev xaiv hauv hluav taws xob L thiab N. Vim yog cov xim nruj me ntsis, tus tswv tuaj yeem txiav txim siab sai ntawm cov xov hlau twg yog theem, xoom lossis hauv av. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum txuas lossis txiav cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob.
Nyob ntawm cov xaim
Thaum txuas cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, txhim kho ntau lub tshuab, cov neeg siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb tsis tuaj yeem muab faib nrog. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm txhuas los yog tooj liab. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo heev.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Aluminium hlau yuav tsum tsuas yog txuas nrog txhuas hlau. Lawv yog cov tshuaj active. Yog hais tias lawv txuas nrog tooj liab, ces tam sim no kis tau tus mob Circuit Court yuav sai sai. Aluminium hlau feem ntau yog txuas nrog cov txiv ntseej thiab bolts. Copper - los ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau xav txog tias hom tom kawg ntawm cov neeg xyuas pib muaj qhov tsis zoo - nws sai sai oxidizes nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm huab cua.
Tip yog tias qhov tam sim no nres ntws ntawm qhov chaw ntawm oxidation: kom rov qab losfais fab mov, cov hlau yuav tsum raug cais tawm ntawm sab nraud cuam tshuam nrog hluav taws xob daim kab xev.
Kev faib hluav taws xob
Tus neeg xyuas pib yog ib qho tsis muaj insulated lossis ib lossis ntau dua cov cores insulated. Qhov thib ob hom conductors yog them nrog tshwj xeeb uas tsis yog-hlau sheath. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog winding nrog ib daim kab xev insulating los yog braid ua los ntawm cov khoom siv fiber ntau. Cov xov hlau liab qab tsis muaj cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv. Lawv siv los tsim cov kab hluav taws xob.
Raws li saum toj no, peb xaus lus tias cov xov hlau yog:
- tiv thaiv;
- tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv;
- zog;
- mounting.
Lawv yuav tsum tau siv nruj me ntsis rau lawv lub hom phiaj. Qhov sib txawv me ntsis los ntawm cov kev xav tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob network. Short circuit ua rau hluav taws kub.
Tsim cov theem, nruab nrab thiab hauv av xaim
Thaum ua qhov kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob sib txuas rau kev siv hauv tsev thiab kev lag luam, cov kab hluav taws xob tau siv. Lawv muaj ntau yam conductive hlau. Txhua tus ntawm lawv yog pleev xim rau hauv cov xim sib xws. Lub npe LO, L, N hauv hluav taws xob tso cai rau koj txo lub sijhawm rau kev teeb tsa thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, kho ua haujlwm.
Lub npe tau piav qhia hauv qab no hauv cov hluav taws xob L thiab N tau ua tiav raws li cov cai ntawm GOST R 50462 thiab yog siv rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas qhov hluav taws xob ncav cuag 1000 V. Lawv muaj qhov ruaj khov hauv nruab nrab. Cov pab pawg no suav nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm txhua qhov chaw nyob, cov tsev tswj hwm,cov khoom siv nyiaj txiag. Dab tsi xim xaiv rau theem L, xoom, N thiab hauv av yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam thaum txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob? Cia peb kawm.
Phase conductors
Muaj cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv AC network uas muaj zog. Lawv hu ua cov kab hluav taws xob theem. Txhais los ntawm lus Askiv, lo lus "theem" txhais tau tias "kab", "active wire", los yog "live wire".
Kov ib tus neeg mus rau theem xaim tawm ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev tuaj yeem ua rau kub hnyiab lossis tuag taus. Lub npe hauv hluav taws xob L thiab N txhais li cas? Ntawm daim duab hluav taws xob, cov kab hluav taws xob theem tau cim nrog tsab ntawv Latin "L", thiab hauv ntau cov tub ntxhais cables, cov kab hluav taws xob theem yuav raug pleev xim rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov xim hauv qab no:
- white;
- dub;
- xim av;
- red.
Cov lus qhia! Yog tias, vim li cas, tus kws hluav taws xob tsis ntseeg qhov tseeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv qhia cov xim cim ntawm cov xov hlau cable, yuav tsum siv qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob qis hluav taws xob los txiav txim siab cov hlau nyob.
Zero conductors
Cov kab hluav taws xob no poob rau peb pawg:
- zero ua haujlwm conductors.
- zero tiv thaiv (hauv av) conductors.
- xoom conductors, sib txuas ua haujlwm tiv thaiv thiab ua haujlwm.
Dab tsi yog qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov xov hlau hauv hluav taws xob L thiab N? Network nruab nrab lossis xoom ua haujlwm tus neeg xyuas pib hauv daim duab hluav taws xob hluav taws xobtxhais los ntawm Latin tsab ntawv "N". Lub nruab nrab conductors ntawm cables yog xim raws li nram no:
- xiav xim thoob plaws yam tsis muaj ntxiv;
- xiav xim raws tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm cov tub ntxhais yam tsis muaj kev suav nrog ntxiv.
L, N thiab PE txhais li cas hauv hluav taws xob? PE (N-RE) yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv nruab nrab, uas nyob rau tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm cov xaim nkag mus rau hauv lub cable yog pleev xim rau cov kab daj thiab ntsuab hloov pauv.
Qhov thib peb ntawm cov neeg nruab nrab nruab nrab (REN-xaim), uas ua ke ua haujlwm thiab tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm, muaj xim xim hauv hluav taws xob (L thiab N). Cov xov hlau yog xim xiav, nrog daj-ntsuab kab txaij ntawm qhov kawg thiab kev sib txuas.
Yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas daim ntawv lo
Lub npe LO, L, N hauv hluav taws xob thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa hluav taws xob sib txuas yog qhov tseem ceeb. Yuav ua li cas los xyuas qhov tseeb xim coding? Txhawm rau ua qhov no, siv lub ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas.
Txhawm rau txiav txim siab seb qhov twg ntawm cov conductors yog theem thiab qhov twg yog xoom siv lub ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas, koj yuav tsum kov nws qhov sting mus rau qhov tsis muaj qhov thaiv ntawm cov hlau. Yog tias lub teeb ci LED teeb, ces tus neeg xyuas pib tau kov. Tom qab kov cov hlau nruab nrab nrog lub hau ntswj, yuav tsis muaj qhov ci ntsa iab.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov xim cim ntawm cov neeg xyuas pib thiab ua raws li cov kev cai nruj rau nws siv yuav txo tau lub sijhawm ntawm kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm thiab kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thaum tsis quav ntsej cov kev cai hauv theem pib ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo raunoj qab haus huv.
