Thaum lub sijhawm Soviet, kev lag luam hauv tsev tsis tuaj yeem pamper cov neeg siv khoom nrog ntau yam khoom siv hauv chav dej. Thiab yog tias muaj kev xav tau los yuav khoom siv rau ziab khaub ncaws, ces tsis muaj dab tsi los xaiv. Hauv ntau lub khw muag khoom tsuas muaj ib qho kev xaiv - cov qauv hlau zoo li beech "G". Tam sim no, qhov xwm txheej txawv - muaj kev xaiv, tab sis qhov no tsis ua kom yooj yim dua. Tam sim no koj yuav tsum xav txog qhov twg rhuab phuam rail yog zoo dua - dej los yog hluav taws xob?
Feem ntau qhov nyuaj ntawm kev xaiv yog nyob rau hauv ntau yam assortment muab los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom tuaj yeem ua cov duab sib txawv, los ntawm kev saib classic mus rau futuristic.tsim. Tab sis ua kom txoj kev xaiv zoo, zoo nkaus li ib leeg, txawm li cas los xij, tsis txaus. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm rhuab phuam rails. Ua ntej, cia peb xam seb lawv yog dab tsi.
cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Cov khoom no yog cov yeeb nkab nkhaus, uas yog tsim tsis tsuas yog rau ziab khaub ncaws thiab phuam da dej (raws li lub npe implies), tab sis kuj ua raws li cov cua sov. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, koj tuaj yeem zam qhov tshwm sim ntawm fungus thiab pwm ntawm phab ntsa ntawm chav dej. Thiab, raws li koj paub, nws nyob ntawm no tias cov av noo siab heev, uas yog qhov chaw zoo rau cov kab mob feem ntau.
Ntawm ntau lub rooj sib tham koj tuaj yeem pom ntau cov lus qhia thiab cov lus pom zoo, uas yog qhov zoo dua - dej lossis hluav taws xob rhuab phuam rail. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yooj yim los teb cov lus nug no unambiguously. Ob qhov xwm txheej muaj lawv tus kheej yam ntxwv. Tab sis tsis muaj leej twg yuav sib cav nrog qhov tseeb tias ob qho tib si muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev tsim cov microclimate zoo hauv chav. Tom qab ua tiav cov txheej txheem dej hauv chav da dej, koj tsis tuaj yeem txhawj xeeb txog "cov pob khaus" los ntawm qhov txias.
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau lub luag haujlwm rau kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom no, suav nrog cov khoom siv xws li qhov ntev, lub zog thiab cov khoom siv. Hauv qhov no, koj tuaj yeem zam qhov tsim ntawm condensation ntawm daim iav thiab lwm qhov chaw, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nplij siab.
Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm
Yog tias koj saib, qhov tseeb, cov phuam da dej yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob, zoo li hauv tsheb lossis hauv cov khoom siv cua sov. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yogmuaj nyob rau hauv qhuav linen, phuam da dej thiab tshaj noo noo.
Vim qhov kub ntawm lub coolant siab, lub kauj heats li, evaporates noo noo los ntawm tej yam thiab tib lub sij hawm dries huab cua nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev. Raws li tau sau tseg hauv ntau qhov kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov phuam da dej (hluav taws xob lossis dej), lawv tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm phab ntsa lossis hauv pem teb.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tsis txhob txo qis: dej zoo. Cov dej tsis zoo yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau sab hauv cov yeeb nkab. Yog li, ua ntej yuav khoom txawv teb chaws, nws tsim nyog xyuas seb nws puas haum rau koj cov kev ua haujlwm. Cov qauv hlau tsis-ferrous raug kev txom nyem tshaj plaws los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm dej.
Cov kav dej
Cov no yog cov tshuab ziab khaub ncaws ntau tshaj plaws thiab pheej yig, uas paub rau txhua tus neeg nyob hauv qhov chaw tom qab-Soviet. Cov dej kub yog siv los ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Cov kais dej ntxiv tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm cov kav dej no rau kev hloov kho.
Raws li txoj cai, coils tau teeb tsa hauv cov tsev tsev nrog cua sov hauv nruab nrab. Thiab txij li feem ntau ntawm kev sib txuas rau cov kav dej kub yog xav tau, lawv tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw tshwj xeeb tsim. Thiab yog tias tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov dej kub, ces lub kauj ua nws txoj haujlwm tas li.
Tsis zoo li hluav taws xob, dej rhaub cov phuam da dej tuaj yeem txuas nrog cua sov. Hauv qhov no, lawv yuav ua haujlwm tsuas yog thaum lub caij cua sov. Thiab lub sijhawm ntawdThaum lub hauv paus cua sov tawm, tus serpentine yuav ua hauj lwm feem ntau raws li ib tug phuam accessory.
Raws li cov duab, tam sim no cov dej rhaub cov phuam da dej tuaj yeem ua raws li daim ntawv "M" lossis "P", nrog rau hauv daim ntawv zigzag lossis ntaiv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tuam txhab lag luam yeej tsis tso tseg rau amaze cov neeg siv khoom nrog cov qauv qub thiab txawv txawv.
Electrical analogues
Tsis zoo li cov phuam da dej, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau txhua qhov chaw nws yooj yim tshaj plaws. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias lawv ua haujlwm tsuas yog los ntawm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, feem, lawv tsis ntshai ntawm kev cuam tshuam hauv dej. Nyob rau hauv tsos, cov khoom zoo li no tsis txawv ntawm cov qauv coils. Tab sis cov phuam da dej twg zoo dua los xaiv - dej lossis hluav taws xob?
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muab cua sov vim muaj cov cua sov hauv lawv, uas muaj kev hloov kho kom xaiv qhov ntsuas kub xav tau. Tej zaum tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo yog tus nqi hluav taws xob ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tas mus li. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv ntawm cov qauv niaj hnub. Muaj cov qauv siv hluav taws xob tsawg uas siv hluav taws xob sib npaug rau kev siv cov teeb pom kev zoo.
sib xyaws version
Koj tuaj yeem hais tias qhov no yog kev daws teeb meem thoob ntiaj teb. Xws li cov phuam da dej sov siv cov dej kub ua lub ntsiab coolant, thiab hluav taws xob ua lwm yam ntxiv. Thiab yog nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm qhov chaw nyobQee lub sij hawm muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv dej (thiab nws tsis muaj teeb meem, nws tsuas yog dej kub lossis cua sov) thiab hluav taws xob, ces qhov kev xaiv ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke, dej thiab hluav taws xob rhuab phuam rails nyhav dua rau thawj qhov kev xaiv.
Rau qhov ntau dua, qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov khoom siv no suav nrog ob lub tshuab cua sov. Ntxiv mus, lawv nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas lawv tsis nyob ntawm ib leeg. Qhov no ua rau nws siv tau lawv tig.
Qhov kev sib txuam ntawm cov dej thiab hluav taws xob sib txuas ua ke qhov zoo ntawm ob qho tib si hauv ib yam khoom. Yog hais tias muaj dej kub (los yog cua sov), ces lub rhuab phuam rail ua raws li ib tug kav dej, thiab nyob rau hauv nws tsis muaj, ib tug hluav taws xob cia yog txuas nrog. Qhov tshwm sim yog nce kev ua haujlwm thiab txo kev siv hluav taws xob.
khoom tsim khoom
Thaum xaiv lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws rau koj chav dej, tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau cov khoom ntawm kev tsim khoom. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov no. Lub kauj yuav tsum tsis yog tsuas yog tiv taus qee qhov siab, tab sis kuj tiv taus corrosion.
Dej lossis hluav taws xob da dej phuam da dej tuaj yeem ua tau:
- Los ntawm stainless hlau - nyiam yuav tsum tau muab rau cov kav dej uas tau tsim los ntawm kev siv tshuab seamless. Cov khoom zoo li no yuav hnyav, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem tiv taus kev poob siab. Raws li rau phab ntsa thickness, nws yog tsawg kawg yog 3 hli, uas twb qhia tau hais tias zoo thiab kev ntseeg tau.
- Los ntawm "dub" steel - xws li coils tsis tuaj yeem khavzoo thiab vim li no yog pheej yig. Feem ntau, qhov no yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau lub tshuab cua sov autonomous.
- Ua los ntawm tooj liab yog cov tshuaj uas nyiam, uas tiv taus corrosion, cov kav dej kub sai dua thiab muab cov cua sov. Thiab vim qhov hnyav qis, kev teeb tsa yog nqa tawm yam tsis muaj kev siv zog ntau. Yog tias tsim nyog los txuas rau lub hauv paus cua sov, cov kav dej sab nrauv yuav tsum tau galvanized.
- Lub phuam sov twg xaiv los ntawm tooj dag - dej lossis hluav taws xob? Cov khoom ua los ntawm cov hlau no kuj ua kom sov zoo thiab tiv taus corrosion. Yog li cov lus teb yog qhov pom tseeb heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim yog cov txheej hauv chrome txheej, cov kav dej tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntev heev, uas yog qhov zoo dua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tsis yog ib txwm ua tau los tiv thaiv kev poob siab, thiab qhov no twb yog ib qho kev rho tawm loj heev.
Summarizing, peb tuaj yeem hais cov hauv qab no. Thaum xaiv cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau nyiam, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau xyuam xim tsis tsuas yog rau nws cov khoom, tab sis kuj muaj kev tiv thaiv txheej, phab ntsa thickness, thiab painting. Koj yuav tsum xav txog hom cua sov hauv chav tsev thiab cov kev txwv ntawm tsev neeg pob nyiaj siv.
siab
Yuav kom cov phuam da dej sov ua haujlwm rau kev ncaj ncees rau lub sijhawm ntev, tsim nyog cov xwm txheej tsim nyog. Kev ua haujlwm siab hauv DHW system yuav tsum tsis pub dhau 0.3-6 atm. Hais txog cov cua kub hauv nruab nrab, cov ntsuas ntawm no yog qhov sib txawv me ntsis thiab feem ntau nyob ntawm thaj tsam ntawm qhov chaw nyob. Raws li txoj cai, nyob rau hauv ntau-storey tsev lub siab tsis tshaj 10-12 atm.
Yuav ua li cas koj thiaj nkag siab cov uasxaiv ntawm dej los yog hluav taws xob rhuab phuam rails, qhov no siv ntau rau thawj ntau yam. Cov tom kawg yooj yim me ntsis.
Max kub
Qhov kev ntsuas no kuj tseem ceeb heev thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob raug ignored. Qhov kub ntawm cov dej kub feem ntau tsis tshaj 60 ° C, thiab rau cov cua sov, cov duab tsis tshua pom ntawm no siab dua 80 ° C. Hauv qhov no, tag nrho cov khoom siv stainless hlau yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws, vim lawv tau tsim los rau qhov kub siab tshaj plaws ntawm 105-110 ° C.
Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yog ib txwm ua tau kom zam dhau qhov xwm txheej kub ntxhov thaum cov dej nkag tuaj yeem ua kom sov rau ntau pua degrees, yog tias tsis ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau xaiv nrog cov paj.
Ib daim foos
Rau qee qhov, cov duab tsis tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas koj xav muab chav dej rau tus cwj pwm zoo. Thiab niaj hnub no, txhawm rau txiav txim siab seb cov phuam da dej twg zoo dua - dej lossis hluav taws xob raws li qhov pom, muaj txhua yam kev xaiv:
- Ladder - cov qauv siv ntau tshaj plaws uas ua tau raws li kev ua haujlwm: lawv ua kom sov hauv chav thiab koj tuaj yeem qhuav ntau yam.
- Txiv nrog lub txee - txhua yam zoo ib yam ntawm no, tab sis nrog ib qho sib txawv - muaj lub txee rau saum. Ob qho yooj yim thiab siv tau hauv ib yam khoom - koj tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog ua kom koj cov phuam so huv si, tab sis kuj txuag chaw.
- Tsab Ntawv E - ntawm no raug ciam teb ntawm kev yooj yim, thiab cov khoom siv tsis siv ntau qhov chaw.
- Tsab ntawvU - yooj yim, stylish, concise. Tib lub sijhawm, cov yeeb nkab zoo li no yuav tsis tso cai rau ntau yam kom qhuav vim nws tsim.
- tsab ntawv M - vim nws cov duab, cov phuam rhais chaw tso cai rau koj tso khaub ncaws ntau dua li cov lus qhia saum toj no.
- Snake yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws saib rau cov raj nkhaus nrog tus qauv zoo nkauj. Koj tuaj yeem qhuav ntau yam ntawm nws.
Ua tsaug rau qhov kev xaiv no ntawm cov teeb meem nrog kev xaiv lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws rau chav dej (thiab kuj ua kom haum rau sab hauv chav dej) yuav tsis tshwm sim.
Tsev los yog txawv teb chaws?
Ntau tus neeg siv khoom tsis yog tsuas yog txhawj xeeb txog qhov twg zoo dua - dej lossis hluav taws xob rhuab phuam rail, tab sis lawv kuj xav paub seb qhov chaw tsim khoom yuav tsum nyiam. Tam sim no, cov tshuab ziab khaub ncaws tsis yog tsuas yog hauv tsev, tab sis kuj txawv teb chaws ntau lawm yog nyob rau hauv kev thov zoo. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, zoo ntshuam analogues yog tau los ntawm manufacturers los ntawm ltalis, lub teb chaws Yelemees, thiab Finland. Nws yuav tsum tau yug los hauv lub siab ntawm no tias cov khoom lag luam ntawm European hom yog tsim los rau lub tshuab cua sov, thaum cov khoom siv hauv tsev yog rau cov dej kub hauv nruab nrab.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tuam txhab nyob sab Europe hauv kev tsim cov phuam qhwv caj dab tsis suav nrog qhov zoo ntawm cov dej txias hauv lub cev, thiab, raws li txoj cai, siv cov hlau nyias nyias. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv corrosion tsis yog siv rau sab hauv ntawm phab ntsa.
Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov dej kub yog tias muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov ntsev hauv dejthiab chemical impurities. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov no ua rau tsis tsuas yog cov tsos ntawm corrosion, tab sis kev ncua kev kawm pib nyob rau hauv cov phab ntsa sab hauv, vim hais tias lub puab txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub sij hawm. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb hauv qhov chaw uas cov yeeb nkab khoov. Qhov no yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab yog hais tias cov teev nyob rau hauv relation mus rau qhov kev xaiv ntawm uas rhuab phuam rail - dej los yog hluav taws xob yog haum rau da dej, leans mus rau qhov kev xaiv.
Tsis muaj cov pa oxygen hauv cov khoom siv dej, tab sis cov coolant los ntawm boiler tsuas yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov khoom no. Vim li no, cov neeg yuav khoom feem ntau xaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua hluav taws xob hauv tsev, vim tias lawv tau zoo tshaj plaws rau cov xwm txheej ntawm peb cov kev sib txuas lus.
Daim Ntawv Tsim Nyog
Tam sim no koj yuav tsum tau paub nrog cov tuam txhab uas tsis yog kev txhaum kom nthuav tawm lawv cov khoom rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib thoob plaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tsis tsuas yog ua haujlwm ntawm nws txoj kev txhim kho, tab sis kuj tswj hwm kev ua tau zoo, tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis xws luag. Cov npe ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim nyog tuaj yeem suav nrog:
- Arbonia (Lub Tebchaws Yelemees).
- Margaroli (Italy).
- Zehnder (Lub Tebchaws Yelemees).
- Warmos (Finland).
- Vogel&Noot (Australia).
Ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom hauv tsev, ib tus tuaj yeem tawm "Teru", "Trugor", "Dvin", "Terminus". Lawv kuj tau tswj xyuas lawv tus kheej los ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws sab. Tib lub sijhawm, feem ntau cov tuam txhab muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov neeg siv khoom thiab mloog lawv cov kev xav hauv kev tsim cov qauv tshiab.
Cov tuam txhab loj kuj muaj cov neeg ua haujlwm tshaj lijtus tsim. Ua ke nrog cov neeg tsim qauv, lawv ua haujlwm hnyav los tsim cov qauv qub uas haum rau sab hauv chav dej.
cov lus qhia pab tau
Ntawm daim phuam sov twg xaiv qhov kawg? Qhov no feem ntau yog nyob ntawm kev ua neej nyob. Yog tias cov dej kub ua haujlwm txhua xyoo puag ncig, thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, ces koj tuaj yeem xaiv qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov phuam da dej. Hauv qhov no, yuav tsis muaj nqi ntxiv rau hluav taws xob. Raws li cov khoom siv, cov khoom siv hlau ferrous yog qhov tsim nyog, tab sis yog tias lub siab nyob rau hauv lub system siab, koj yuav tsum nres ntawm cov kav dej tooj liab.
Ib txhia ntawm peb nyob hauv private sector, tab sis ntawm no, raws li koj paub, cua sov thiab dej kub yog muab los ntawm cov tswv lawv tus kheej. Ces nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, uas yog zoo dua rhuab phuam rail - dej los yog hluav taws xob? Ntawm no, ib yam nkaus thiab, koj tuaj yeem xaiv ob qho tib si dej coil ua los ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj hlau lossis tooj dag, yog tias muaj nyiaj, lossis nws cov khoom sib txawv. Ob qho kev xaiv yog qhov zoo ntawm lawv tus kheej.
Nws yog qhov sib txawv kiag li thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam tshwm sim, thiab tsis tshua muaj tsawg. Tom qab ntawd qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog mus yuav ib qho hluav taws xob rhuab phuam rail, thiab nyiam dua ib qho analogue ua ke. Nws tuaj yeem siv tsis hais lub caij twg, thiab lub caij ntuj no koj tuaj yeem txuag hluav taws xob. Tsuas yog koj yuav tsum tau yuav cov khoom ua los ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj zog (tooj liab, tooj dag, stainless hlau). Ordinary steel yuav tsis zam lub luag haujlwm hloov.
Kev sib txuas thiab kev teeb tsa cov khoom siv hluav taws xob
Hluav taws xobrhuab phuam rail yog nqa tawm los ntawm ib tug pa qhov hluav taws xob vim tsis muaj zog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tsis txhob hnov qab tias cov cuab yeej tau nruab rau hauv chav nrog cov av noo siab. Vim li no, qhov voltage yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm ob lub davhlau ya nyob twg RCD, uas tawg tsis yog theem xwb, tab sis kuj yog xoom.
Tab sis ntxiv rau nws, koj xav tau lub tshuab tsis siv neeg (ib tus neeg sib cuag yuav ua). Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev xaiv ntawm cov cuab yeej no kuj nyob ntawm seb lwm yam yuav txuas nrog lub cev no. Rub ib txoj kab sib cais rau cov phuam da dej sov li no tsis ua rau muaj kev nkag siab.
Thiab tseem, dab tsi yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rhuab phuam rail - dej lossis hluav taws xob? Hauv kev pom zoo ntawm qhov kawg, peb tuaj yeem hais tias nws tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau txhua qhov chaw. Ntxiv mus, nws raug tso cai rau nruab nws txawm tias saum lub da dej raws li kev tiv thaiv chav kawm II. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj hauv kev no tsis tsim nyog - txhua yam yuav ntub txhua lub sijhawm, thiab muaj lwm yam tsis txaus ntseeg. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo dua los muab nws tso rau ntawm lwm phab ntsa dawb. Mounting brackets feem ntau suav nrog chav tsev.
