Kev xaiv hauv qab yog txhais tau tias muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv hluav taws xob. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm fuses lossis Circuit Court breakers, qhov hluav taws xob thaiv hluav taws xob thiab qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom txuas nrog rau nws thaum lub sijhawm luv luv thiab dhau qhov kev ntsuas hauv qee ntu raug tiv thaiv, thaum lub sijhawm txuas ntxiv mus ua haujlwm.
Scheme of operation of machines
Ib lub tswv yim ntawm kev xaiv dab tsi tuaj yeem tau los ntawm kev xav txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag hauv tsev.
Nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm ib tug luv luv Circuit Court nyob rau hauv lub chav ua noj los yog nyob rau hauv lwm chav tsev, tsuas yog cov khoom tiv thaiv uas belongs rau lub Circuit Court yuav tsum ua hauj lwm. Lub tshuab ntawm lub tswv yim yuav tsis tua thiab yuav ua hluav taws xob mus rau seem ntawm cov seem. Yog vim li cas rau qee qhov kev hloov hauv chav ua noj tsis ua haujlwm, tom qab ntawd cov tswv yim tsis siv neeg yuav kuaj xyuas qhov ua haujlwm tsis zoo, kaw lub hwj chim hauv txhua qhov.hluav taws xob circuits.
Kev faib tawm
Dab tsi yog qhov kev xaiv ntawm automata tuaj yeem sawv cev rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lawv cov kev xaiv thiab cov duab sib txuas.
- Pab. Thaum ob peb lub cuab yeej txuas nrog hauv koob, ib qho nyob ze rau thaj tsam xwm txheej kub ntxhov tshwm sim rau overcurrents.
- Ib nrab. Kev tiv thaiv zoo ib yam li kev tiv thaiv tag nrho, tab sis nws tsuas yog ua haujlwm txog qee yam ntawm overcurrent.
- Ib ntus. Thaum cov cuab yeej txuas nrog hauv cov koob nrog tib yam tam sim no muaj lub sijhawm sib txawv rau kev ua haujlwm nrog nws qhov nce ntxiv los ntawm ntu nrog kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo rau lub zog. Lub sijhawm xaiv ntawm automata yog siv los tiv thaiv ib leeg ntawm kev kaw nrawm. Piv txwv li: thawj qhov hluav taws kub tom qab 0.1 sec, qhov thib ob - tom qab 0.5 sec, qhov thib peb - tom qab 1 sec.
- Tam sim no. Selectivity zoo ib yam li lub sij hawm xaiv, tsuas yog lub siab tshaj plaws tam sim no txiav tawm yog ib tug parameter. Cov khoom siv raug xaiv los ntawm kev txo qis ntawm qhov chaw los ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob mus rau cov khoom thauj khoom (piv txwv li, 25 A ntawm cov khoom nkag thiab dhau mus, 16 A rau cov qhov (sockets) thiab 10 A rau cov teeb pom kev zoo).
- Tam sim no. Cov tshuab muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau tam sim no, nrog rau lub sijhawm. Automata tau muab faib ua pawg A, B, C, D. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev teeb tsa lub sijhawm xaiv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv luv luv (luv luv Circuit Court) rau lawv, txij li cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov cuab yeej sib tshooj. Qhov kev tiv thaiv siab tshaj plaws yog ua tiav hauv pawg A, uas yog siv rau hauv hluav taws xob circuits. Hom C yog cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws, tab sis nws tsis pom zoo kom nruab lawv tsis xav thiab nyob qhov twg. Pab pawg D yog siv rau cov tshuab tsav nrog lub siab pib tam sim no.
- Zone. Cov cuab yeej ntsuas ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hluav taws xob network. Thaum qhov chaw pib (setpoint tus nqi) mus txog, cov ntaub ntawv raug xa mus rau qhov chaw tswj, qhov twg lub tshuab raug xaiv rau kev kaw. Cov txheej txheem yog siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam vim nws yog complex, kim thiab yuav tsum tau cais cov khoom siv fais fab. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tso tawm yog siv ntawm no: thaum kuaj pom qhov ua haujlwm tsis zoo, lub tshuab qis qis muab lub teeb liab rau cov dej ntws thiab nws pib suav lub sijhawm ncua ntawm li 50 ms. Yog hais tias tus downstream hloov tsis ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no, lub upstream hloov mus rau.
- Zog. Cov tshuab muaj kev kub ceev, vim qhov luv luv tam sim no tsis muaj sij hawm mus txog qhov siab tshaj plaws.
hom kev xaiv
Kev tiv thaiv xaiv tau muab faib ua qhov tseeb lossis txheeb ze, nyob ntawm seb cov ntu twg raug hloov mus. Rau thawj rooj plaub, lub fuses nyob rau hauv lub puas seem ntawm lub Circuit Court yog feem ntau txhim khu kev qha. Hauv qhov thib ob, cov tshuab uas nyob saum toj no yog neeg xiam yog qhov kev tiv thaiv hauv qab no tsis tau ua haujlwm rau ntau yam.
Selectivity tables
Kev xaiv kev tiv thaiv ua haujlwm feem ntau yog thaum qhov ntsuas Intawm lub Circuit Court breaker tshaj, piv txwv li nrog me me overloads. Nrog luv circuits, nws yog qhov nyuaj dua kom ua tiav nws. Ua li no, cov tuam ntxhab muag cov khoom lag luam nrog cov lus xaiv, uas koj tuaj yeem tsim cov kev sib txuas nrogselectivity ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov pab pawg los ntawm tsuas yog ib qho chaw tsim khoom. Cov lus xaiv tau nthuav tawm hauv qab no, lawv tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov vev xaib ntawm cov lag luam.
txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom siv ntws los thiab cov dej ntws, qhov kev sib tshuam ntawm kab thiab kab yog pom, qhov "T" yog qhov kev xaiv tag nrho, thiab tus lej yog ib feem (yog tias qhov luv-circuit tam sim no tsawg dua qhov tus nqi qhia hauv lub rooj).
Xaiv xaiv ntawm automata
Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv feem ntau yog cov keyboards sib txawv, qhov kev xaiv uas yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau los ntawm kev xaiv kom raug thiab teeb tsa. Lawv cov kev xaiv rau kev tiv thaiv tau teeb tsa los ze zog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau lees paub los ntawm cov xwm txheej hauv qab no.
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Is.o.last ≧ Kn.o.∙ I to. prev., qhov twg:
- Is.o.last - tam sim no, ntawm qhov kev tiv thaiv tshwm sim;
- I k.prev. - luv-circuit tam sim no ntawm qhov kawg ntawm thaj chaw tiv thaiv nyob rau ntawm qhov loj dua ntawm lub hwj chim source;
- Kn.o. - kev ntseeg tau nyob ntawm qhov sib kis ntawm qhov tsis sib xws.
Dab tsi yog kev xaiv hauv kev tswj hwm cov tshuab tsis siv neeg lub sijhawm, tuaj yeem pom los ntawm qhov piv hauv qab no.
ts.o.last ≧ tto.prev.+ ∆t, where:
- ts.o.last thiab tto.prev. - sij hawm ncua los ntawm qhov kev txiav tawm ntawm cov cav tov tau tshwm sim, raws li nyob ze thiab nyob deb ntawm lub hwj chim qhov chaw;- ∆t - sij hawm kauj ruamselectivity, xaiv los ntawm catalogue.
duab sawv cev ntawm kev xaiv
Rau kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tam sim no, xav tau daim npav xaiv. Nws yog ib daim duab ntawm lub sij hawm-tam sim no yam ntxwv ntawm cov cuab yeej ntsia alternately nyob rau hauv lub Circuit Court. Cov nplai raug xaiv kom cov khoom tiv thaiv ntawm cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ciam teb. Hauv kev xyaum, daim duab qhia kev xaiv feem ntau tsis siv rau hauv cov haujlwm, uas yog qhov tsis zoo thiab ua rau muaj hluav taws xob tsis zoo rau cov neeg siv.
Ratio yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 2.5 kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev xaiv. Tab sis txawm tias lawv muaj cov kab mob sib kis, txawm tias me me. Tsuas yog ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm 3, 2, lawv txoj kev sib tshuam tsis tau pom. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug ntawm cov denominations yuav tig mus rau siab dhau lawm thiab koj yuav tsum tau nruab ib tug loj seem tom qab lub tshuab.
Feem ntau tsis tas xaiv xaiv. Nws tsuas yog xav tau thaum muaj qhov tshwm sim loj tuaj.
Yog tias qhov kev suav ua rau qhov muaj nuj nqis tshaj ntawm cov kev ntaus nqi ntawm cov tshuab, riam hloov lossis cov khoom siv thauj khoom raug teeb tsa ntawm lub tswv yim.
Koj tuaj yeem siv cov tshuab xaiv tshwj xeeb.
S750DR xaiv automata
ABV tsim cov khoom lag luam ntawm S750DR hom, qhov twg cov kev xaiv ntawm Circuit Court breakers yog muab los ntawm txoj hauv kev ntxiv tam sim no uas tsis cuam tshuam tom qab kev sib cuag tseem ceeb thaum lub sijhawm luv luv.
Thaum qhov kev txhaum nqes nqes los raug kaw, qhov kev xaiv bimetal hu ua qhov ncua sij hawm teb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub ntsiab kev sib cuag ntawm lub xaiv hloov yog rov qab mus rau nws qhov chaw los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Yog hais tias lub overcurrent tseem ntws, tom qab 20-200 ms, lub thermal tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab thiab ntxiv circuits yog muab tua. Hauv qhov no, cov phaj xaiv bimetallic thaiv cov txheej txheem tso tawm, thiab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav yuav tsis tuaj yeem kaw lub ntsiab tiv tauj rov qab.
Qhov kev txwv tam sim no ntawm lub tshuab yog muab los ntawm 0.5 ohm xaiv resistor thiab qhov loj tsis kam ntawm cov hluav taws xob arc hauv lub tshuab.
Zaj lus
Dab tsi yog qhov kev xaiv yooj yim nkag siab thaum xav txog hluav taws xob circuits nrog kev sib txuas ntawm automata. Lawv yog ib qho yooj yim mus nqa los xyuas kom meej lub selectivity ntawm kev ua hauj lwm rau overloads. Teeb meem tshwm sim ntawm high short-circuit currents. Rau qhov no, siv ntau txoj hauv kev, nrog rau cov tshuab tshwj xeeb tsis siv neeg los ntawm ABB, uas tsim lub sijhawm ncua sijhawm rau kev ua haujlwm.
