Kev tsim lub hauv paus tsis tiav yog tsis tsim ib daim ntawv rau kev tso cov qauv kev txhawb nqa. Txawm hais tias nws yog ib daim kab xev los yog ib lub pob zeb monolithic, kev teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom tuav yuav tsum tau ua. Thiab yog tias ua ntej cov ntoo prefabricated tau siv los ua cov haujlwm no, niaj hnub no cov formwork uas tsis yog tshem tau rau lub hauv paus tau dhau los ua ntau thiab nrov, uas yog ib qho thaiv masonry nrog ntau qhov muaj peev xwm tsim cov qauv sib txawv ntawm lub hauv paus txhawb nqa.
Technology nta
Txhawm rau nkag siab qhov tshwj xeeb thiab qhov zoo ntawm txoj kev no, koj yuav tsum paub ntau ntxiv txog cov dej num ntawm formwork xws li. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov qauv tsim ntawm lub tsev, lub luag haujlwm rau kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub hauv paus. Cov txheej txheem tshem tawm tau tsuas yog tsim cov cement mortar, tso cai rau nws los ntxiv dag zog thiab muab qhov xav tau contours - qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm cov qauv sawb. Tom qab cov pob zeb ua kom tawv, cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub plhaub pwm raug tshem tawm, thiab lub hauv paus tau txais cov rwb thaiv tsev tsim nyog nrog kev txhawb nqa.
Dab tsi yog qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov qauv thauj khoom uas tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm demoulding? Ua ntej, nwstsis suav nrog ntau yam kev ua haujlwm thev naus laus zis. Qhov no kuj tseem siv tau rau kev rhuav tshem ntawm cov qauv, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntxiv ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev thiab cov dej tsis zoo ntawm cov phab ntsa. Qhov thib ob, qhov ruaj khov formwork rau lub hauv paus, nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv sab laug, nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej ua lub luag hauj lwm ntawm ntxiv dag zog rau lub hauv paus, muab nws cov kev tiv thaiv sab nraud. Kuj tseem muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov qauv uas tso cai rau kom muaj qhov tseeb dua rau kev ua qauv kev teeb tsa ntawm lub hauv paus yam tsis muaj qhov yuam kev tseem ceeb uas twb muaj lawm thaum lub sijhawm ua tiav ntawm qhov project.
pob zeb thaiv formwork
Ib qho ntawm txoj hauv kev nyuaj tshaj plaws rau kev siv thev naus laus zis, uas suav nrog kev siv cov khoom siv hauv tsev es tsis yog cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb. Kev ua haujlwm suav nrog cov cement mortar thiab barrier pins, uas yuav ua kom muaj cov phab ntsa ntawm cov kabmob. Txawm tias nyob rau theem nteg, ib qho kev ua vaj tse ruaj khov rau lub hauv paus yog npaj nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws kub-insulating. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev tiv thaiv sab nraud, kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau cov pob qij txha, crevices thiab thev naus laus zis. Lawv raug kaw nrog polyurethane ua npuas ncauj, thiab cov kab noj hniav uas ua rau tuaj yeem ntxiv nrog fiberglass lossis hlau rods. Qhov kev tsim tsim yog txhim khu kev qha, ruaj khov thiab feem ntau siv hauv kev tsim vaj tsev loj. Nov yog lwm txoj hauv kev rau lub hauv paus classic monolithic.
Screed-cement slabs rau cov formwork ruaj
Ntau yam khoom siv npaj rau kev tsim cov formwork, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv ntoo-shaving raw khoom thiab cov cement binder. Hais txog thawj thiablub ntsiab tivthaiv, ces nws yog sawv cev los ntawm chips los yog lamellas ntawm coniferous ntoo. Fiberboard tuaj yeem raug hu ua tus neeg sawv cev ntawm fibrous boards. Ntoo blanks rau nws yog tov nrog Portland cement, catalytic tshuaj thiab kua iav. Qhov zoo ntawm chip-cement fixed formwork rau lub hauv paus muaj xws li cov hauv qab no zoo:
- Kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov txheej txheem tsis zoo. Cov khoom tsis raug kev puas tsuaj thiab kev puas tsuaj los ntawm fungi nrog pwm.
- High insulating zoo. Tsawg kawg hauv kev xyaum, cov yam ntxwv zoo txuag hluav taws xob tau sau tseg.
- Lub zog muaj zog. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, cov phab ntsa, sab nrauv tiav, thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem ntsia tau los ntawm tib daim phiaj.
- Kev nyab xeeb ib puag ncig. Nyob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv, tab sis feem ntau cov tuam txhab siv zog los tswj cov tshuaj purity ntawm tib lub fiberboard.
nthuav dav polystyrene formwork
Cov khoom siv ntom ntom ntom ntom thiab tawv tawv, nrog rau cov txiaj ntsig tsis muaj nqi - nyob rau hauv cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, qhov no yog qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua tau zoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov blocks npaj rau formwork yog muab tshwj xeeb tsim nrog grooves "thorn - zawj" txawm nyob rau hauv lub Hoobkas. Lub xub ntiag ntawm xws li ntxiv ua rau nws yooj yim mus koom cov blocks rau ib leeg nyob rau hauv sib txawv configurations yam tsis tau siv cov kev daws teeb meem. Tom qab nchuav thiab ntxiv dag zog yuav ntxiv dag zog rau cov kho nodes, thaum tuav lub platform txhim khu kev qha.
Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ruaj khov formwork rau lub hauv paus ntawm nthuav polystyrene yogmuaj peev xwm tso kev sib txuas lus hauv niche ntawm cov qauv thaiv nws tus kheej. Txij li cov khoom siv masonry muaj cov qauv hollow, txawm tias ua ntej nchuav, nws tuaj yeem tso cov kav dej tsim nyog lossis cov xaim hluav taws xob, muab cov rwb thaiv tsev txhim khu kev qha.
Txhim kho cov formwork panels
Ib hom thermal rwb thaiv tsev liners raws li tib lub polystyrene ua npuas ncauj, tab sis nrog cov qauv sib txawv tseem ceeb. Lub peculiarity yog nyob rau hauv lub reinforcing reinforcement ntawm thaiv phab ntsa vim nyias hlau rods los yog steel mesh. Qhov tseeb, qhov chaw docking ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov qauv ruaj khov rau hom ntawm lub hauv paus no yog ua los ntawm kev sib txuas cov pas nrig kos rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov panels. Tom qab ntawd, kev ua tiav sab nraud ntawm cov qauv yog ua nrog cov pob zeb dawb, uas ua rau kom muaj kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov formwork. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, koj tuaj yeem suav rau qhov zoo ntawm cov thev naus laus zis xws li kev teeb tsa siab ceev, kev ua haujlwm zoo insulating, tshem tawm qhov xav tau rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntxiv thiab kev ntseeg siab.
Vaj huam sib luag thiab thaiv cov qauv - qhov txawv li cas?
Tus tsim ntawm cov ntawv ua tiav txiav txim siab ntau yam kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo rau lub hauv paus bearing platform. Cov ntsiab lus vaj huam sib luag feem ntau ntsuas 2x3 m hauv qhov ntev thiab qhov siab, feem. Rau fastening, integrated locking units, hlau staples los yog khi-down cov khoom xws li yas los yog steel ties yuav siv tau. Qhov kev xaiv formwork no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas qhov kev teeb tsa nyuaj ntawm daim kab xev yog siv.foundation.
Cov qauv thaiv yog ua los ntawm cov ntu me me, uas txuas nrog kev sib raug zoo. Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws los ntawm qhov pom ntawm kev teeb tsa yog suav tias yog lamellar system rau kev tsim cov cab kuj vim cov pob qij txha perforated. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm taag formwork blocks rau lub hauv paus yog lawv siab ceev thiab durability. Ntawm lub hauv paus zoo li no, koj tuaj yeem tsim lub tsev loj ob-zaj nrog lub vov tsev hnyav.
Yuav tsum tau ua kom ruaj khov
Cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis ntawm cov cuab yeej ntawm tus qauv tsim no yog ua raws li cov cai hauv tsev. Txog rau tam sim no, cov kev cai hauv qab no rau kev txhim kho daim ntawv thov:
- Mechanical zog. Tus qauv tsim yuav tsum ua raws li cov khoom zoo li qub thiab cov dynamic loads uas yuav muab tso rau hauv lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.
- Insulation tiv thaiv. Cov khoom siv yuav tsum tiv thaiv cov pob zeb thiab lub qab nthab nrog grillage los ntawm thermal thiab av noo los ntawm ib puag ncig.
- Tightness ntawm pob qij txha. Rau ntau lub vaj huam sib luag thiab thaiv cov khoom ntawm kev ruaj khov formwork rau lub hauv paus, cov lus qhia txwv tsis pub siv cov pob qij txha uas tawm hauv cov cuab yeej technology. Qee qhov xwm txheej, lub tshuab hitch nws tus kheej muab nruj, thaum lwm qhov ntxiv sealing yog ua. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov tso cai qhov khoob yog 2 hli.
- High adhesion. Yog li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv formwork yuav tsum tsim ib lub zog tsim nrog cement pouring. Qhov no yuav tsum tau txausadhesion muaj nuj nqi nrog ib hom tshwj xeeb ntawm pob zeb.
Cov lus qhia rau kev txhim kho daim ntawv ruaj khov
Kev txhim kho pib ntawm thaj chaw yav dhau los tshem tawm nrog cov cim contours rau kev teeb tsa ntawm cov txheej txheem formwork. Piv txwv li, polystyrene ua npuas ncauj blocks yog nteg nyob ib ncig ntawm lub perimeter ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej lub hauv paus, tom qab uas lub ntsiab yog sib sau ua ke, ntxiv dag zog rau cov lus qhia thiab rods yog knitted. Tom ntej no los lub filling. Yuav ua li cas ua kom lub formwork ruaj khov nrog koj tus kheej tes hauv ob peb theem kom cov qauv muaj zog? Thawj kab tuaj yeem nchuav nrog pob zeb ntawm qhov siab ntawm 25 cm. Tom qab ntawd, ib lub hauv paus yog muab tso rau ntawm ib lub phaj hlau, thiab tom qab ntawd qhov kev ua haujlwm yog rov ua dua nrog tib qhov nce mus txog 25 cm.
cov lus pom zoo rau cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa
Cov teeb meem ntawm kev ntxiv dag zog rau cov qauv nrog kev txhawb nqa yuav tsum tau muab rau ntau tshaj plaws. Cov txheej txheem kev txhim khu kev qha tshaj plaws yog ua raws li cov txheej txheem uas cuam tshuam txog kev kho qhov kawg ntawm cov pas nrig ncaj qha rau hauv lintels ntawm cov kabmob. Tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev sib txuas lus raws sijhawm. Cov kws tshaj lij feem ntau muab cov lus qhia txog kev teeb tsa ntawm kev txhim kho ruaj khov rau lub hauv paus, uas sau tseg qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tso cov kav dej nrog cov xaim nyob rau theem ntawm kev txhim kho qhov cuab lub zog. Koj tuaj yeem ua ke lawv cov contours, tab sis nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas cov kab rhiab heev rau kev puas tsuaj muaj ib lub plhaub tiv thaiv cais. Raws li cov lus pom zoo rau pouring qhob nws tus kheej, lub dav hlau yuav tsum tau coj mus rau cov ces kaum, thiab qhov kawg filling ntawm hollow blocks yuav tsum tau nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ncaj seem.
Tus nqi them npaum li cas?
Txawm hais tias qhov nyuaj ntawm kev npaj ntawm ib daim formwork hais, nws tsis yog ntau kim tshaj qhov kev siv ntawm classical technology nrog cov qauv ntoo. Cov pob zeb pheej yig tshaj plaws raug nqi nruab nrab ntawm 150-300 rubles. Raws li qhov loj me, cov lej tuaj yeem nce mus rau 900-1000 rubles. Tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm kev ruaj khov formwork rau lub hauv paus ua los ntawm nthuav polystyrene yog 600-900 rubles. Rau ib lub module 1 m ntev, cov lag luam hauv tsev thov rau 1000-1200 rubles. Thiab nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, cov ntsiab lus nrog cov muab kev txhawb ntxiv ntxiv txog 200-300 rubles rau tus nqi.
Zaj lus
Thaum xav txog kev tsim lub tsev ntiag tug, koj yuav tsum xav txog cov txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm lub hauv paus thiab nws cov formwork. Cov thev naus laus zis hauv kev xav txog muaj ntau yam zoo uas nyiam cov neeg siv khoom zoo tib yam, tab sis qhov tsis zoo ntawm txoj kev no yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account. Cov no suav nrog tsawg vapor thiab waterproofing zog ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, qhov yuav tsum tau rau lub qhov cua ducts, qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov nplaim retardants kom hluav taws kub, thiab lwm yam. Thiab qhov no yog tsis noj mus rau hauv tus account nyiaj txiag kev nqis peev nyob rau hauv taag formwork rau lub hauv paus, tus nqi ntawm uas nyob rau hauv lub Kev kwv yees dav dav tuaj yeem ncav cuag 15,000 rubles. suav nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab khoom siv mounting.
Puas siv cov thev naus laus zis no tso cai rau nws tus kheej hauv txoj cai, suav nrog cov npe tsis muaj zog? Yog tias tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev siv cov formwork ruaj khov nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub zog thiab kev ua raws cailoads, nws justifies. Teeb meem nrog rwb thaiv tsev thiab xav tau kev kho kom zoo ntxiv yuav nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub yuav ntsib los ntawm qhov project executor, thiab nrog rau lub installation ntawm ib tug tshem tau qauv, lawv tus xov tooj yuav tsuas nce.
