Cov tsev nyob, cov qauv tsim uas yuav tau piav qhia hauv qab no, tuaj nyob rau hauv txawv volumetric, kev npaj cov qauv thiab cov plag tsev. Nruab nrab ntawm lawv thiab ib puag ncig sab nraud tuaj yeem tsim kev sib txuas ntawm ntau yam xwm txheej. Kev txiav txim kom raug ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov tsev tsev ntawm cov qauv, qhov chaw npaj tsim yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim vaj tsev thiab kev lag luam.
Kev tsim kho thiab tsim cov tsev nyob muab kev daws teeb meem rau kev sib raug zoo. Vim li no, cov xwm txheej tsim nyog rau tib neeg lub neej raug tsim.
Kev xaiv hauv pem teb
Kev tsim ntawm ntau chav tsev nyob hauv vaj tse yog ua los ntawm kev xav, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, kev lag luam. Cov no, tshwj xeeb, suav nrog qhov xav tau rau nruab elevators, khib nyiab chutes thiab lwm yam khoom. Lawv nce tus nqi ntawm kev tsim lub tsev nyob thiab ua haujlwm ntawm nws qhov kev tsim kho. Cov qauv mus txog 5 plag tsev, thiab nyob rau sab qaum teb thiab sab qab teb cheeb tsam - txog li plaub, tsis muaj elevator. Nyob rau hauv xws li lub tsev nws yog rationalcov phab ntsa, lub hauv paus qauv, txheej yog siv. 4-5-storey tsev yog tsim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, me me, ib nrab lub zos loj, cov pej xeem uas tsis ntau tshaj 250 txhiab, thiab nyob rau hauv kev sib haum xeeb rau 10 txhiab los yog ntau tshaj cov neeg. Qhov no ua kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb ntawm thaj chaw, engineering networks, thauj.
theem ntawm kev tsim lub tsev nyob
Tsim ib lub tsev npaj muaj xws li:
- Pre-project theem. Nws, nyob rau hauv lem, muaj ob theem: sau cov ntaub ntawv thiab methodological ua cov ntaub ntawv.
- Draft theem. Nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm ntawm nws, nrhiav kev daws teeb meem yog nqa tawm. Cov qauv txheej txheem yog suav tias yog qhov txuas hauv nruab nrab hauv kev tsim. Nyob rau theem no, lub tswv yim tseem ceeb yog tsim.
Creative development. Qhov no theem yog, qhov tseeb, tsim. Nws tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntev heev. Thaum txhim kho, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog ua kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb ntawm sab hauv, kev sib raug zoo ntawm txhua yam ntawm kev daws teeb meem architectural. Qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm cov qauv muaj ib txoj hauj lwm los tsim lub tsev nyob
Kev nce qib ntawm kev ua haujlwm
Tsim cov tsev nyob hauv tsev pib nrog kev txhais lus ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Hauv kev ua haujlwm, txhua chav yuav tsum tau muab faib ua qee pawg. Lawv qhov kev tso kawm horizontally thiab vertically yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev sib txuas ua haujlwm tau tsim los ntawm lawv. Cov txheej txheem pab pawg, cov phiaj xwm kev tsim kho, kev teeb tsa ntawm qhov chaw faib khoom yog kos raws li hom tsev. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plawslub hom phiaj thiab cov chav loj yuav tsum tsim lub hauv paus ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Txoj kev npaj yog kos rau hauv ib kab. Tom qab ntawd lawv tsim nws los ntawm kev faib cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov qauv tsim. Tom qab ua tiav cov kev xav tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm, cov qauv peb-seem ntawm cov qauv tsim.
Yuav tsum muaj rau txoj kev npaj tswv yim: cov kev pabcuam yooj yim
Kev tsim cov tsev nyob nruab nrab yog ua raws li qhov peculiarities ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov qauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov nyob deb nroog, nroog thiab lwm qhov chaw nyob. Cov hom tom kawg yog txhais hauv GK (Tshooj 5). Thaum txiav txim siab txog txoj kev npaj dav dav, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum paub qhov txawv ntawm thaj chaw - qhov zoo, tsis tsim nyog rau kev txhim kho thiab thaj chaw uas tsim nyog tshwj xeeb, raws li cov lus qhia ntawm SNiP.
Yuav tsum muaj xwm txheej
Tsim cov tsev nyob yog ua raws li cov kev cai ntawm:
- Nature Conservation.
- Tiv thaiv thaj chaw los ntawm cov pa pa tawm thiab cov suab nrov ntawm txoj kev loj, hluav taws xob sib txawv.
Kev ua haujlwm tiav los xyuas kom muaj kev tiv thaiv thiab txhim kho ib puag ncig sab nraud los ntawm kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo cuam tshuam nrog kev siv nyiaj txiag thiab lwm yam dej num yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov cai tswj hwm kev nyab xeeb ib puag ncig.
Parameters
Thaum tsim cov tsev nyob, cov neeg cog lus yuav tsum muab cov hydrants kom muaj kev tua hluav taws. Nruab nrab ntawm qhov ntev ntawm plaub-zaj dab neeg, qhov kev ncua deb yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 20 m, nruab nrab ntawm lawv thiab qhov kawg ntawm cov tsev nrog qhov rais - tsis yog.tsawg dua 10 m. Cov ntu ntu ntu tuaj yeem raug txo, raws li kev ua raws li cov qauv ntawm kev teeb pom kev zoo thiab kev cuam tshuam, thiab yog tias qhov tsis pom tseeb ntawm qhov chaw ntawm ib lub qhov rais mus rau lwm qhov yog ua kom ntseeg tau. Cov qauv nrog cov tsev nyob rau hauv pem teb qis yuav tsum tau indented los ntawm kab liab. Nws raug tso cai tso cov tsev nrog cov tsev nyob hauv lossis txuas rau pej xeem thaj chaw raws nws. Qhov pom zoo qab nthab qhov siab yog 2.8 m.
nkag pab pawg
Tsim cov tsev nyob hauv tsev muab rau kev suav nrog hauv txoj kev npaj:
- Tamburov. Lawv tuaj yeem ua ob lossis ib zaug, nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej huab cua.
- chaw tos txais.
- chav dej ntawm qhov nkag.
Thaum npaj pab pawg nkag, yuav tsum muaj kev ywj pheej ntawm kev nkag mus rau vaj tsev rau cov tib neeg uas muaj kev txwv tsis pub txav mus los raws li cov cai tau teev tseg hauv SNiP 35-01.
Lobby
Cov chaw no hauv cov tsev tsev, tshwj tsis yog cov thaiv thaiv, muab faib ua hauv / txuas, nyob sib cais lossis nyob rau hauv ib feem tsis tau tsim hauv pem teb. Hais txog qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw tos txais yuav txawv. Hauv kev xyaum, kev xaiv tso kawm yog siv txheeb ze rau ntawm qhov kev sib txuas lus vertically nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem thiab kev npaj cell nyob ib sab ntawm lub stair-lift system los yog rov qab rau nws.
chav haujlwm
Nws yuav tsum tau muab tso kom nws thiaj li siv tau los saib xyuas lub qhov rooj ntawm lub vestibule mus rau qhov chaw tos txais. Yog tias tom kawg tsis tau muab rau hauv cov qauv, cesyuav tsum muaj qhov pom ntawm cov kab mus rau cov ntaiv. Lub kaw lus video tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau kev soj ntsuam sab nraum zoov. Hauv thaj chaw, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los muab kev sib txuas lus nrog cov kev pabcuam xa tawm, thiab yog tias muaj cov lus qhia zoo sib xws hauv txoj haujlwm, nrog rau cov chav tsev.
Subscriber txee
Hauv cov tsev tsev, tshwj tsis yog cov thaiv thaiv, nws raug nquahu kom tso cov thawv xa ntawv hauv qhov chaw tos txais (thaum tsis muaj lub elevator) ntawm qhov nruab nrab lossis loj tsaws rau hauv pem teb thiab hauv qhov chaw mus rau stairs. Thaum txhim kho cov txee, lawv qhov ntev yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Lawv tau dai rau ntawm phab ntsa los yog ntsia rau hauv cov niches tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov siab ntawm yam tsawg 60 cm ntawm hauv pem teb. Nws tsis pom zoo kom mount cov txee rau ntawm qhov chaw nyob ib sab ntawm cov tsev.
Pantries
Nyob rau hauv qab daus, thawj lossis hauv qab daus hauv pem teb, cov chav tsev uas tsis yog chav tsev yuav muab tau. Lawv tus lej yog txiav txim los ntawm txoj haujlwm tsim. Txoj kev hauv tsev tau muab tso rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub pantries, qhov dav ntawm qhov tsis tsawg tshaj li 1.1 m. Cov chaw lawv tus kheej yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv hluav taws.
Apartment
Nws suav hais tias yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev nyob. Lub tsev yuav muab thaj chaw rau ntau lub hom phiaj. Lawv tuaj yeem yog thaj chaw, qhib, pab. Engineering networks muaj nyob rau hauv txhua chav tsev. Thaum tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm lub tsev nyob, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus nkag ntawm cov xaim mus rau txhua chav. Raws li ib feem ntawm lub hom phiaj kev sib raug zoo, nws raug tso cai, thiab hauv lwm hom khoom nws raug pom zoo kom muab qhib.qhov chaw. Cov no suav nrog, tshwj xeeb, terraces, verandas, balconies, loggias, thiab lwm yam.
Chav tsev yuav tsum ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm ib tus neeg thiab ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm tsev neeg tag nrho. Qhov tseeb no txiav txim siab duality ntawm cov kev xav tau rau cov chaw zoo li no. Cov tsev yuav tsum cais tawm ntawm ib leeg, tab sis nyias yuav tsum tsim ib qho chaw.
Room
Lawv yog npaj rau tib neeg nyob. Cov chav yog suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm chav tsev. Lawv muab faib ua hom, nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj. Yog li, cov chav yog siv rau tsev neeg kev ua ub no. Cov no yog cov chaw ntiag tug (chav pw, chaw ua haujlwm). Tsis tas li ntawd, chav noj mov, chav nyob, chav ua si, thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem muab.
Tsim cov tsev ntiag tug thiab tsev
Ua ntej koj pib kos duab kos duab ntawm tus qauv yav tom ntej, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab nws lub hom phiaj. Lub tsev tuaj yeem yog qhov chaw nyob ruaj khov lossis siv tsuas yog qee lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg uas yuav nyob hauv nws tseem ceeb heev. Qhov project yuav tsum suav cov chav tsev rau cov neeg hauv tsev neeg thiab cov qhua. Nyob rau theem kev npaj, nws tseem yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab seb puas yuav muaj lwm lub tsev nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw.
Architectural solution
Thaum sau ib qhov project, tus neeg cog lus kos qhov chaw ntawm txhua chav nrog qhov qhia txog lawv qhov ntev, xav txog cov chav ntxiv, kos cov chaw uas lub qhov rooj thiab qhov rais yuav nyob. Kev txiav txim siab ntawm vaj tse, nws yog qhov tsim nyogtxiav txim siab cov khoom siv los ntawm cov qauv tsim yuav ua. Koj tuaj yeem kos duab kos rau ntawm daim ntawv lossis lub computer siv cov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb.
kev ua ub ua no
Thaum kos ib qhov project, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xam tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov qauv. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom raug txiav txim siab txog hom ntawm lub hauv paus thiab theem ntawm nws qhov tob. Nws yog tsim nyog los xam lub thickness ntawm cov phab ntsa, xaiv interfloor ceilings, kom raug lub rafters, thiab muab ib tug chimney. Yog li ntawd, ib txheej ntawm cov duab kos nrog cov phiaj xwm ntawm cov qauv tsim tau tsim. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov lus piav qhia tau kos rau txhua lub tswv yim. Lawv qhia txog cov khoom tsim nyog, lawv cov kev siv yog xam.
Kev sib txuas lus thiab kev sib txuas lus
Lawv yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb thaum tsim. Cov phiaj xwm kev sib txuas lus engineering yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Yog tsis muaj nws, lub tsev zoo yuav tsim tsis tau. Hauv kev tsim kho vaj tse thiab kev tsim kho, kev siv dej, qhov cua, dej phwj tuaj, cua sov, thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob raug suav. Nws yuav tsum muaj txhua theem ntawm kev tsim cov haujlwm ntawm kev sib txuas lus. Qhov project qhia txog lub zog ntawm tag nrho lub tsev, piav qhia txog cov kab kos, cov kab hauv av. Hauv ib seem, ib daim duab ntawm lub tswb tswb raug muab.
Zaj lus
Qhov project nyob hauv suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- Album nrog daim duab thiab specifications.
- Cov lus piav qhia.
- kwv yees.
Nyob rau hauv ntu duabmuaj cov kev npaj dav dav thiab cov xwm txheej, kos duab ntawm cov plag tsev nrog kev tso kawm ntawm cov rooj tog, facades, ib feem ntawm lub tsev. Qhov project yog ib qho nyuaj thiab kim ib feem ntawm kev tsim kho, tus nqi uas tuaj yeem yog los ntawm 1 txog 10% ntawm tus nqi ntawm kev tsim kho.
