Pruning blueberries: tswv yim rau beginners. Kev saib xyuas blueberry nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg - kev npaj rau lub caij ntuj no

Cov txheej txheem:

Pruning blueberries: tswv yim rau beginners. Kev saib xyuas blueberry nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg - kev npaj rau lub caij ntuj no
Pruning blueberries: tswv yim rau beginners. Kev saib xyuas blueberry nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg - kev npaj rau lub caij ntuj no

Video: Pruning blueberries: tswv yim rau beginners. Kev saib xyuas blueberry nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg - kev npaj rau lub caij ntuj no

Video: Pruning blueberries: tswv yim rau beginners. Kev saib xyuas blueberry nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg - kev npaj rau lub caij ntuj no
Video: Blueberry Pruning 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Garden siab blueberry lossis shield berry tsis ntev los no tau nrov heev nrog cov neeg ua teb. Qhov no yog vim tsis tsuas yog rau saj ntawm berries, tab sis kuj mus rau lub unpretentiousness ntawm kab lis kev cai. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua tus neeg ua liaj ua teb tshiab paub tias txhawm rau kom tau txais cov qoob loo ruaj khov, blueberries yuav tsum tau pruned txhua xyoo. Txwv tsis pub, nrog rau txhua xyoo tom ntej, tsob ntoo yuav poob nws lub peev xwm thiab tsim cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsawg dua, thiab lawv qhov zoo yuav pom tsis zoo. Txhawm rau nkag siab yuav ua li cas prune blueberries kom raug, thiab tseem paub thaum twg nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los ua nws, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog cov cai yooj yim rau cov txheej txheem no.

Ntseeg ntawm tsob ntoo Berry

Garden blueberry berries
Garden blueberry berries

Nyob rau hauv lub tiaj nraum qaum tsev ntawm cov tswv zoo, koj tuaj yeem pom ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov txiv ntoo. Cia peb muab cov lus piav qhia luv luv ntawm lub vaj blueberries. Ib tug siab ntau yam ntawm kab lis kev cai yog ib tug deciduous shrub, qhov siab ntawm uasnce mus txog 1.2-2.5 meters. Cov tua ntawm lub vaj blueberries tuaj yeem txhim kho lossis nthuav dav, nyob ntawm ntau yam xaiv.

Cov nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog du, oval nyob rau hauv cov duab thiab nplua nuj ntsuab. Lawv ntev yog los ntawm 4 mus rau 8 cm. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg, nplooj tig liab-crimson hue.

Lub vaj blueberry blooms lig Tsib Hlis - Lub Rau Hli. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, paj liab lossis dawb tau sau rau hauv racemose inflorescences thiab txawv los ntawm qhov tsis muaj zog tsw qab.

Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripening tshwm sim thaum lig Lub Xya Hli - nruab nrab Lub Yim Hli. Cov xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tuaj yeem yog xiav lossis inky nrog lub ntsej muag xiav ntawm lub tev. Qhov loj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog 10-20 hli, nyob ntawm ntau yam ntawm lub vaj blueberries thiab kev saib xyuas. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripening tshwm sim maj mam, yog li lawv sau yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv theem. Productivity los ntawm 1 Bush mus txog 3-7 kg. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo siav tuaj yeem dai ntawm cov ceg ntev li 2 lub lis piam yam tsis poob saj thiab kev lag luam zoo.

Thaum pib ntawm lub vaj zaub blueberry tuaj sai li sai tau thaum huab cua kub nce siab tshaj 0 degrees, uas yog nyob rau nruab nrab Lub Plaub Hlis. Thawj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tuaj yeem sau tau 3 xyoos tom qab cog rau hauv qhov chaw ruaj khov. Qhov siab tshaj plaws tawm los ntawm 8-10 xyoo. Lub neej muaj peev xwm ntawm ib tsob ntoo yog 30 xyoo. Lub stability thiab zoo ntawm cov qoob loo yog nyob ntawm qhov tseeb pruning ntawm blueberry bushes. Yog li, cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum tau ua thaum cog qoob loo.

Perennial tua ntawm corymbium tuaj yeem tiv taus Frost mus txog -35 degrees, thiab buds thiab paj tuaj yeem tiv taus kub mus txog -6 degrees.

BlueberriesNws nyiam loj hlob ntawm cov av acidic (3.8 - 4.8 pH). Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov nroj tsuag tsis zam kom qhuav tawm ntawm cov hauv paus hniav thiab tsis muaj dej noo.

Autumn pruning

Pruning blueberries nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg rau beginners
Pruning blueberries nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg rau beginners

Kev tsim cov pob txha cog qoob loo uas muaj zog yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev saib xyuas cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo bushes. Blueberries tsis muaj qhov zam. Nyob rau hauv qhov tsis muaj cov txheej txheem no, txhua xyoo kev loj hlob ntawm cov tsiaj hluas yuav tsis muaj peev xwm loj hlob thiab txi txiv. Yog li ntawd, lub hav txwv yeem yuav pib degenerate mus rau hauv qus tua, thaum txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav shrink thiab poob lawv saj.

Yog li ntawd ntxiv, cov ntoo ntom nti ntawm tsob ntoo yog qhov chaw zoo rau kev txhim kho cov kab mob fungal, vim nws tsis zoo cua tshuab los ntawm cov cua. Yog li ntawd, shaping thiab huv pruning ntawm blueberries nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg yog ib qho tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm kev saib xyuas rau lub Berry. Nws yog lub sijhawm no uas cov kua dej ntws hauv cov tua qeeb, yog li cov nroj tsuag zam qhov txheej txheem no tsis mob.

Txhawm rau txiav blueberries, npaj lub pruner. Cov cuab yeej yuav tsum xub muab tshuaj tua kab mob, uas yuav tsis suav nrog qhov muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau hauv qhov qhib ntawm cov kab mob.

sijhawm pruning

Pruning blueberries nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg
Pruning blueberries nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg

Nws raug pom zoo kom tshem tawm cov tua ntxiv txij li kaum hnub kawg ntawm Lub Kaum Hli thiab thoob plaws lub Kaum Ib Hlis. Lub sijhawm no yog qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws, vim tias cov nroj tsuag twb tau so lawm, yog li tsis muaj cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tso tawm thaum cov tua raug txiav.

Kev ncua sijhawm yuav ua rau kom khovtxiav tua thaum huab cua txias thaum ntxov.

Kev tsim cov pob txha ntawm lub hav txwv yeem yuav tsum tau pib tam sim tom qab cog cov nroj tsuag hauv qhov chaw ruaj khov hauv lub vaj. Tsis quav ntsej txoj cai no thaum ntxov xyoo yuav cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntxiv ntawm tsob ntoo.

Seedling thaum lub sij hawm cog

Blueberry vaj piav qhia
Blueberry vaj piav qhia

Thawj blueberry pruning yog nqa tawm thaum cov nroj tsuag hloov los ntawm lub thawv. Qhov no yuav pab txo cov load ntawm lub hauv paus system thiab tso cai rau cov yub kom redirect nws rog rau rooting.

Yuav tsum ua li no, nws yuav tsum tau cog rau lub sijhawm thaum qhov kev loj hlob ntawm lub dav hlau nres, uas tshwm sim thaum lub Cuaj Hli thiab xaus rau lub Kaum Hli.

Thaum pruning ib tug tub hluas, koj yuav tsum ua raws li nram no:

  1. Txhua ceg ntoo uas loj hlob ncaj hauv av.
  2. Cia tsuas muaj zog erect tua (2-3 daim), thiab ces luv lawv ib nrab.

Qhov no yuav pab kom cov nroj tsuag sai sai thiab tsis mob hauv paus hauv qhov chaw tshiab.

pruning ib tug hluas seedling

Ua ntej pib ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ruaj khov, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tsim cov pob txha pob txha muaj zog. Yog hais tias lub hav txwv yeem tsis tu ncua rau 1-2 xyoos, tus naj npawb ntawm cov tua me me yuav nce ntxiv, uas yuav thicken lub hav txwv yeem, thiab paj buds yuav muab tso rau saum lub ntsiab tua.

Qhov no yuav txhawb kom tsim cov thawj berries. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub thickened blueberry Bush yuav tsis muaj peev xwm muab tag nrho-fledged sau, txij li thaum nws cov rog yuav pib randomly faib mus rau hauv me me tsis tsim nyog tua. Nyob tom qabCov nroj tsuag no tsis muaj zog, qhov tshwm sim ntawm nws qhov swb los ntawm cov kab mob fungal nce. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog rau kev txi thawj cov berries los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov paj saum toj kawg nkaus los tsim ib tsob ntoo muaj zog nrog cov khoom tsim tau.

Peb muab cov lus pom zoo rau cov neeg pib tshiab ntawm blueberry pruning thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo ob tom qab cog:

  • Txhua yam me me uas nthuav tawm ntawm lub hauv paus.
  • Xaiv 3-4 tua. Lawv yuav tsum muaj zog tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv tsos thiab qhia upwards. Cov tua no yuav tsim cov pob txha ntawm tsob ntoo.
  • Txiav tag nrho cov ceg ntsug loj hlob ntawm cov seem hauv qab 30 cm ntawm cov av saum npoo.
  • Txiav tawm cov saum uas cov paj tau tsim.

Vim li no, txoj kev no yuav ncua sijhawm thawj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau qee lub sijhawm, tab sis yuav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau ib tsob ntoo muaj zog, uas tsuas yog cov ceg tsim tau thiab muaj zog.

Kev tsim cov neeg laus tsob ntoo

Blueberry Bush ua ntej thiab tom qab pruning
Blueberry Bush ua ntej thiab tom qab pruning

Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 3-4 xyoos, bushes yog nyob rau theem kawg ntawm kev tsim. Thaum lub sij hawm no lawv yuav tsum muaj txog li 7 lignified ceg uas tsim ib tug qoob loo, thiab mus txog 5 hloov tua.

Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm pruning blueberries nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog no, cov nram qab no ua yog assumed:

  • Txhua yam kab rov tav uas loj hlob mus rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm tsob ntoo.
  • Txiav tawm ntau qhov kev hloov pauv ze ze ntawm cov hauv paus hniav, tawm tsuas yog cov muaj zog thiab txhim kho.
  • Txhua yam me me uas loj hlob ntawm hauv paus.
  • Ntawm cov ceg tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab ntsug loj hlob hauv qab no30-40 cm ntawm av nto.
  • Shorten horizontal fruit- bearing branch to a length of 10-20 cm.

Vim li no, koj yuav tsum tau txais ib tsob ntoo nyias nyias, uas cov stems tseem ceeb nyob ntawm qhov deb ntawm ib leeg, uas tso cai rau lawv tsis txhob kov. Qhov no yuav pab txo qis qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsim kab mob fungal thiab hloov pauv lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag mus rau cov ceg tsim tau.

Kev huv thiab rov ua dua tshiab blueberry pruning

Nyob rau yav tom ntej, lub hav txwv yeem raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov tsis tsim nyog thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Nrog kev saib xyuas kom zoo, blueberry bushes tuaj yeem tsim cov qoob loo rau 30 xyoo. Tab sis thaum muaj hnub nyoog 5-6 xyoo, lawv lub peev xwm txo qis, vim tias lawv tau overgrown nrog ntau tus sab tua rau saum. Qhov no ua rau txo cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo.

Koj tuaj yeem kho qhov xwm txheej nrog kev pab los ntawm cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txheeb xyuas ib qho muaj zog ntsug tua nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub ntsiab ceg thiab hloov mus rau nws. Qhov no yuav xav kom luv luv cov ceg uas tsis muaj npe ncaj qha saum nws.

Thaum tsis muaj kev khiav tawm, nws yuav tsum txiav tawm tag nrho ntawm lub hauv paus. Thiab nyob rau hauv rov qab, tawm ib tug hluas hloov tua. Thaum rejuvenating blueberry pruning, tag nrho cov ceg tuab dua 25 hli yuav tsum tau txiav, raws li lawv tau tag nrho lawv cov peev xwm fruiting. Hauv ib lub caij, kwv yees li 20% ntawm cov ceg qub tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm yam tsis ua mob rau cov nroj tsuag.

Ntxiv rau, kev huv huv pruning ntawm siab blueberries yuav tsum tau ua txhua xyoo nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg. Nws suav nrog kev tu lub hav txwv yeem los ntawm kev puas tsuaj, tawg thiab qhuav tua.

Thaum yuav tsum tau txiav ntoo hauv qabroot

Muaj cov xwm txheej thaum tsuas yog cardinal pruning tuaj yeem rov ua kom cov nroj tsuag. Cov txheej txheem no txhais tau tias txiav lub hav txwv yeem mus rau hauv paus.

Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas:

  1. Npau taws pib qhuav thaum tsis muaj dej raws sijhawm thaum tshav kub kub.
  2. tsob ntoo tau yug dua tshiab rau hauv qus vim tsis tau ntxuav tau 5-6 xyoo.
  3. Txhua cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tseem ceeb tua tau dhau los ua rau cov qoob loo tsis zoo.

Tom qab cardinal pruning ntawm blueberries ntawm lub hauv paus, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los muab cov nroj tsuag nrog kev noj haus kom txaus thiab dej raws sij hawm. Tom qab ntawd 2-3 xyoos lub hav txwv yeem yuav rov zoo.

Kev saib xyuas tom qab txiav

Yuav ua li cas prune blueberries
Yuav ua li cas prune blueberries

Tom qab lub caij nplooj zeeg stripping ntawm blueberry hav txwv yeem, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua cov ntu nrog lub vaj paj. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua yog tias lub thickness ntawm tua yog 10 mm los yog ntau tshaj. Qhov kev ntsuas no yuav tshem tawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob nkag mus rau hauv qhov txhab qhib.

Tsis tas li ntawd, kev saib xyuas blueberries nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg suav nrog fertilizing los kho qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag ua ntej lub caij ntuj no. Thaum lub sij hawm no, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los siv cov ntxhia chiv nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm phosphorus thiab potassium (15 g ntawm superphosphate thiab 20 g ntawm poov tshuaj magnesium ib 10 liv dej).

Nws txwv tsis pub siv cov chiv nitrogen thaum lub sijhawm no, vim qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau khov ntawm hav txwv yeem.

Npaj rau lub caij ntuj no

blueberry kev saib xyuas hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg
blueberry kev saib xyuas hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg

Blueberries muaj qib siab ntawm Frost tsis kam, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub caij ntuj no snowless, cov nroj tsuag yuav raug kev txom nyem los ntawm hypothermia.hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos thiab hluas ib xyoos loj hlob.

Yog li ntawd, kev saib xyuas blueberries nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab npaj rau lub caij ntuj no yog ua cov haujlwm hauv qab no:

  • Thaum kawg ntawm nplooj poob, cov tua yuav tsum tau ncaj thiab nias rau hauv av nrog twine lossis tshwj xeeb tuav arcs.
  • Thaum cov dej khov tsis tu ncua, lawv yuav tsum tau them nrog agrofiber lossis burlap. Thiab txhawm rau npog me me bushes, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ceg ntoo coniferous.
  • Thaum nws snows, koj yuav tsum maj mam nphoo lawv nrog tua, uas yuav ua kom sov ntxiv.

Cov lus pom zoo no yuav pab khaws cia tsis yog tsuas yog cov tub ntxhais hluas tua xwb, tab sis kuj tseem tag nrho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo-cov ceg ntoo uas tsim nyob rau saum toj, uas lav tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau xyoo tom ntej.

Cov Lus Qhia

Txawm hais tias tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm blueberries, ua yuam kev thaum pruning bushes tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab tsim cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lub luag haujlwm ntau dua tus neeg ua liaj ua teb tshiab yog rau cov txheej txheem no, cov qoob loo zoo dua thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov berries.

Pom zoo: