Nyob rau hauv cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj koj yuav tsum nkag siab txog kev kho kom zoo nkauj uas tsim nyog los sau qhov chaw dawb ntawm cov khoom. Nws ua raws li ib yam ntawm cov kev muaj tswv yim, uas tsis yog qhia cais, tab sis decorates cov khoom. Lub ornament yog nthuav tawm raws li ib tug complex artistic qauv, uas muaj xws li: xim, kev ntxhib los mos, tshwj xeeb kab. Nco ntsoov siv tej yam ntuj tso motifs nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug dabtsi yog khoov ntawm qia, ib tug patterned nplooj, thiab lwm yam. Lub tswv yim ntawm "ornament" yog interconnected nrog xws li ib tug tswvyim li décor, uas tsis muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib daim ntawv. Baroque ornaments yog dab tsi?
Baroque style
Cov khoom lag luam baroque tshwm sim li cas? Baroque yog ib qho kev kos duab uas tau tshwm sim hauv tebchaws Ltalis thiab kis mus rau ntau lub tebchaws nyob sab Europe los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 16th mus rau nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th. Lub npe ntawm style los ntawm Portuguese "irregular pearl".
Lub ornament yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm nws cov originality thiab picturesqueness. Nws khaws ib co motifs ntawm Greek thiab Roman art. Cov duab yog siv rau hauv ornamentsIb nrab-tsiaj thiab ib nrab-neeg, ntau yam paj ntawm paj, ua ke ntawm lub cim hnub nrog lilies thiab shells tshwm sim.
Late Baroque (ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th) yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm symmetry. Nws xyaum architecture nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kab, balustrades thiab consoles. Lub sijhawm no, lub décor yog nplua nuj, tab sis hnyav thiab majestic.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsa sawv daws
Dab tsi yog baroque ornaments thiab qauv? Ntxiv nrog rau classical acanthus, lub ornament muaj cartouches, plhaub, pem teb teeb thiab paj vases. Muaj ntau yam garlands, arabesques, cornucopias thiab cov twj paj nruag uas lavishly framed thiab teem symmetrically.
Ntawm cov duab zoo nkauj ntawm daim duab koj tuaj yeem pom cov hauv qab no: cov paj ntawm ib qho txawv txawv, twigs thiab nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag, sheaves nrog pob ntseg pob kws thiab ntau lwm yam duab kos. Ces lawv muab tso rau ntawm ntaub.
Baroque ornament nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm Western Europe
Cov khoom siv baroque dab tsi tau siv rau lub sijhawm no? Thaum pib, qhov style no tau siv rau hauv cov duab puab thiab architecture ntawm pawg ntseeg thiab tau ntev tau khaws qee yam ntawm Renaissance.
Qhov kev vam meej tshaj plaws ntawm Baroque ntog rau nruab nrab ntawm XVIII caug xyoo. Los ntawm lub sijhawm no, nws npog txhua qhov chaw ntawm kev ua yeeb yam. Cov style nkag mus rau kev tsim kho (lub tsev teev ntuj, pej xeem), ntaub, khaub ncaws, riam phom thiab hniav nyiaj hniav kub.
Qhov dav dav ntawm Baroque yog kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub tsev thiab kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov khoom. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog los tsim mystical splendor, tsim kom muaj kev xav ntawm kev ua neej nyob thiab muaj zog. Nws yogtsim nyog rau cov kev xav tau ntawm lub Koom Txoos Catholic. Nyob rau hauv cov style no, cov tsev teev ntuj tau ua hauj lwm los qhuas lub hwj chim ntawm Catholicism nrog kev pab los ntawm architecture, duab puab, painting, thiab lwm yam. Cov feem ntau baroque kis nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws uas cov kab lig kev cai ntawm Catholics muaj zog - nyob rau hauv ltalis, Fabkis thiab Spain.
Maj mam, qhov style no tau txais lub palaces ntawm vaj thiab cov nom tswv. Baroque nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws yog rau saj ntawm monarchs, cia lawv mus ex alt lawv superiority. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv yooj yim dua, cov style kis mus rau cov neeg nyob deb nroog thiab nroog.
Baroque ornament in Russia
Dab tsi baroque ornaments tau siv nyob rau hauv Russia? Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub XVIII caug xyoo. Nyob rau hauv Russia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv rooj tog, ob hom yog ua ke: baroque thiab rococo. Thaum lub sij hawm no, tus naas ej architects F. Rastrelli, S. I. Chevakinsky thiab lwm tus neeg tau tibneeg hu tauj coob tsim zoo nkauj palaces nrog luxurious kho kom zoo nkauj rau cov neeg nplua nuj ntawm St. Palaces tshwm nyob rau hauv majestic kev zoo nkauj: ceremonial halls, loj daim iav thiab qhov rais, ib tug ntau ntawm teeb pom kev zoo fixtures thiab tswm ciab. Tag nrho cov rooj tog yog tsim raws li kev kho kom zoo nkauj dav dav, uas muaj carved armchairs thiab consoles. Nws yog ntsia rau ntawm ob sab ntawm chav tsev. Cov chav ua koob tsheej tau suav tias yog qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lub palace thiab tau muab cov khoom kim heev tshwj xeeb, thaum cov chav nyob tau dai kom zoo nkauj ntau dua.
Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, muaj kev tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom sab hauv thiab cov rooj tog zaum hauv lub palaces. Lawv yuav tsum tau tsiv los ntawm lub caij ntuj no Palace mus rau lub caij ntuj sov Palace, uas ua rau cov rooj tog tsis siv. Qhov no tau rov qab los ntawm Catherine II hauvnws cov lus teb.
Kev siv baroque style hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv
hom kev kho kom zoo nkauj yog carving, uas tau pleev xim rau hauv ob peb ntxoov lossis gilded.
Cov phab ntsa tau npog nrog cov ntaub lo lo ntxhuav nrog cov qauv hauv cov paj. Qee zaum velvet tau siv, uas yog xiav, ntsuab lossis crimson. Cov phab ntsa zoo li no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov duab kos nrog gilded thav duab.
Ntau daim iav tau pab pom qhov muag loj hauv chav. Cov phab ntsa muaj niches uas muaj marble lossis bronze sculptures.
Cov xim tau nthuav tawm hauv cov xim zoo nkauj. Feem ntau siv yog xiav lossis dawb nrog kub thiab ntsuab xim.
Pab pleev xim rau qab nthab nrog ci ntsa iab. Cov duab tsiaj, noog, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab lwm yam.
Baroque rooj tog
Yuav ua li cas baroque ornaments tuaj yeem pom hauv rooj tog? Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
- Txhua lub rooj tog zaum hauv ntej yog tsis muaj lub duab plaub, uas yog qhov zoo rau cov khoom lag luam Renaissance style.
- Hauv cov rooj tog baroque, nws qhov chaw (cov rooj zaum) tau tawg los ntawm cov qauv inlay.
- Thawj thawj zaug hauv rooj tog, qhov chaw nkhaus tau siv, uas tau los ntawm ntoo los ntawm kev khoov. Hauv cov khoom kim heev, cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no muaj lub qhov rooj txee, thiab qee zaum sab phab ntsa ntawm lub hauv siab ntawm cov tub rau khoom.
- Ciam teb sib luag nrog cov khoom zoo nkauj, uas yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm Gothic, yog hloov los ntawm cov qauv dawb. Cov rooj tog yog inlaid nrog kaus ntxhw, tooj liab, ebony thiabLwm yam
- Tus qauv baroque yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov duab nyuaj ntawm cov ntsiab lus xws li ob txhais ceg ntawm rooj, rooj zaum thiab cov txee.
Baroque ntsiab tsis tshua siv hauv cov rooj tog niaj hnub. Floral ornaments tau txais qee qhov kev faib tawm, uas yog siv rau hauv daim ntawv yooj yim ntawm lub qhov rooj txee lossis ntawm cov txee.
Rococo ornament
Dab tsi yog qhov baroque thiab rococo ornaments muaj sib xws? Rococo style yog ib theem lig hauv kev loj hlob ntawm Baroque, uas ib txwm siv zog rau kev ywj pheej ntau dua thiab yooj yim ntawm kev sib sau.
Nws lub npe los ntawm Fabkis "rocaille", uas txhais tau tias pob zeb. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th Cov chaw pib ua kom zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tawg ntawm pob zeb blocks, uas tau them nrog cov nroj tsuag intertwined nyob rau hauv ib tug chaotic yam. Qhov no yog qhov pib ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov style uas nws lub ntsiab khoom yog asymmetry.
Nyob rau hauv rococo qhuas rau kev kos duab ntawm Tuam Tshoj, Is Nrias teb thiab Persia tau hnov, yog li cov ntoo xibtes, cov duab liab thiab zaj tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov khoom dai. Cov style kuj muaj kev hlub rau xwm, tab sis tsis yog rau nws txoj kev zoo nkauj, tab sis rau dag.
Raws li ua ntej, cov dab neeg qub qub dhau los ua qhov kev tshoov siab. Venus dhau los ua tus neeg tseem ceeb thiab txhua tus neeg uas txuas nrog nws los ntawm zaj dab neeg. Cov no yog nymphs, cupids.
Yog li, hauv kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntsiab lus no, tus qauv tshiab tau yug los, txawv ntawm txoj kev tshav ntuj thiab kev tshav ntuj.
Classic style
Cia peb xav txog qhov ornament ntawm baroque thiab classicism. Qhov txawv yog dab tsi? Los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th lub sijhawm ntawm classicism pib. Kev khawb ntawm Pompeii thiab Herculaneum tau muaj kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb rau qhov pom ntawm cov style. Ib zaug ntxivancient art ua ib qhov chaw ntawm kev tshoov siab. Txawm li cas los xij, lub zeem muag tshiab ntawm lub ntiaj teb tau ntxiv rau classicism.
Cov khoom dai yuav siv sij hawm sib npaug nrog cov kab ncaj nraim, squares, ovals thiab duab plaub.
Ntau lub ntsiab lus uas yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm Baroque thiab Rococo tau khaws cia, tab sis muaj kev tshem tawm ntawm kev sib tsoo thiab kev sib tsoo nrog cov ntsiab lus.
Ntau cov curly compositions yog exquisite thiab tag nrho ntawm kev sib haum xeeb. Ntawm cov motifs nyiam: sphinxes, pob tawb paj, tsov ntxhuav lub taub hau, ntses taub ntswg ntev, thiab lwm yam.
Cov khoom zoo nkauj ntawm classicism nyiam nrog cov kab yooj yim thiab zoo nkauj, uas tau tshwm sim hauv nws qhov zoo sib xws nrog Greek kos duab.
Lub baroque ornament, nrog solemnity thiab dynamism, tshuav nws cov cim ntawm cov qauv tom ntej nrog nws cov cim tshwj xeeb.
