Cov ntsuas hluav taws xob: qhov twg zoo dua?

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Cov ntsuas hluav taws xob: qhov twg zoo dua?
Cov ntsuas hluav taws xob: qhov twg zoo dua?

Video: Cov ntsuas hluav taws xob: qhov twg zoo dua?

Video: Cov ntsuas hluav taws xob: qhov twg zoo dua?
Video: Tshuaj theem vim li cas thiaj tau nqi ?/ Siv kho mob dab tsi?/paris polyphylla use for? 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Txhua tus tswv tsev yuav tsum nruab cov dej, hluav taws xob, roj, thiab lwm yam khoom siv ntsuas ntsuas.

Yuav xaiv lub ntsuas hluav taws xob li cas?

Txhua lub tuam txhab uas tsim cov cuab yeej no muab lub sijhawm lav rau kaum rau xyoo, thiab qhov no yog ntau thiab qhia tias tsis tas yuav hloov pauv ntau zaus.

Duab
Duab

Tab sis nyob rau lub sijhawm tsis tshua muaj thaum nws nqis los yuav lub meter tshiab, tus neeg siv khoom tsis muaj ntaub ntawv tiav yuav ua rau qhov tsis raug. Lub ntsuas hluav taws xob twg zoo dua los tso? Ua ntej koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub ntsuas hluav taws xob, nrog rau cov qauv uas twb muaj lawm.

Induction hluav taws xob ntsuas

Muaj ob hom hluav taws xob ntsuas: induction thiab hluav taws xob. Dab tsi e-mail lub txee yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv, txiav txim siab los ntawm kev nyeem cov ntaub ntawvhauv qab no.

Yog li, thawj hom khoom siv yog tshuab. Qhov sib xyaw ntawm lub ntsuas hluav taws xob muaj xws li lub zog hluav taws xob, lub hlau disk thiab lub kauj tam sim no. Vim yog cov hlau nplaum uas tshwm sim vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm ob lub coils, cov hlau disk pib tig, kuj tig lub log nrog cov lej uas qhia txog cov nyiaj hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob.

Duab
Duab

Cov khoom siv no muaj lawv qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Qhov zoo muaj xws li lawv cov nqi qis thiab lub neej ua haujlwm ntev, thiab qhov tsis zoo yog qhov yuam kev hauv kev nyeem ntawv txog li 2%. Tab sis lub sij hawm ntev ntawm qhov muaj cov metres no ntawm kev ua lag luam overshadows ib feem pua ntawm qhov yuam kev thiab ua rau lawv nrov heev ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau teb cov lus nug ntawm lub txee twg yog qhov zoo dua, cia peb saib cov cuab yeej thib ob.

hluav taws xob txee

Lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog qhov txawv ntawm cov saum toj no. Nws tag nrho tsis muaj cov cim qhia ntawm mechanics, thiab tam sim no ncaj qha mus rau microcircuits thiab semiconductors. Cov microcircuits no qhia txog tus nqi hluav taws xob siv, qhia cov lej ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob built-in. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej ntsuas no yog nws qhov me me, cov ntaub ntawv muaj tseeb dua, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, kev nyeem ntawv yooj yim thiab muaj peev xwm los laij cov kev siv rau ntau qhov kev npaj nqi sib txawv. Thiab tus nqi siab thiab kev pabcuam luv luv yog qhov tsis txaus siab ntxiv rau nws.

Ib theem hluav taws xob ntsuas

Los ntawm hom network rau qhov twgKev sib txuas tau ua tiav, cov ntsuas hluav taws xob tau muab faib ua ib theem thiab peb theem.

Ib-theem meters txuas nrog ob-xaim ib-theem network. Tag nrho cov load ntawm lub network nrog rau cov xov tooj ntawm cov xov hlau yog qhov tseem ceeb. Ib-theem metering cov cuab yeej siv thaum siv hluav taws xob tsis tshaj 10 kV. Muab lub txee 220 V.

3-theem khoom siv

Cov ntsuas no txuas nrog peb-theem tes hauj lwm, uas dhau los ntawm lawv lub npe. Txij li thaum muaj ntau lub zog xav tau rau lawv txoj haujlwm, peb-theem hluav taws xob ntsuas tau pom lawv daim ntawv thov hauv cov chaw tsim khoom lossis cov chaw hloov chaw ntau lub tsev nyob.

Duab
Duab

Qhov twg zoo dua rau nruab rau hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug? Feem ntau lawv muab tso rau ib theem. Lawv tuaj yeem txuas nrog peb-theem network, tab sis tsuas yog tom qab ntawd cov cuab yeej no yuav xav tau rau txhua theem. Kev teeb tsa ntawm peb-theem 'meter' tsuas tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev siv qee yam khoom siv nrog kev xav tau hluav taws xob siab, xws li lub tshuab vuam lossis qee yam zoo li ntawd. Ntawm qhov tso zis, lub ntsuas hluav taws xob tsim tawm 380 V thiab tiv thaiv lub tsev ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob.

Kev faib tawm los ntawm tus nqi

Raws li tus nqi se, kuj tseem muaj cov ntsuas hluav taws xob sib txawv. Qhov twg zoo dua?

  1. Single tariff. Xam tsuas yog ib qho kev xaiv tariff. Feem ntau siv hauv lub neej txhua hnub.
  2. Ob-tariff. Tso cai rau koj los xam lub zog siv los ntawm ob lub phiaj xwm tariff, piv txwv li, ib qho tariff thaum nruab hnub, sib txawv kiag li thaum hmo ntuj. Siv nyob rau hauv ntau lub chaw tsim khoom thiab cov koom haum uas ua haujlwm ua haujlwm ua haujlwm ob zaug.
  3. Multi-tariff. xam lub zog ntawm ob peb tus nqi ib zaug thiab txo tus nqi.

Kev faib tawm los ntawm hom zog

Ib-theem cov cuab yeej ntsuas tshwj xeeb lub zog dhau los ntawm lawv, thiab cov khoom siv peb-theem, ntxiv rau kev ua haujlwm, kuj ntsuas lub zog reactive, kuj suav nrog cov kev taw qhia ntawm ntws. Qhov no yuav pab txuag tau ntau ntawm cov khoom loj.

Cov ntsuas hluav taws xob: qhov twg zoo dua?

Duab
Duab

Txhawm rau xaiv qhov ntsuas qhov zoo tshaj plaws koj yuav tsum xav txog qee yam khoom siv thiab kawm ob peb yam ntawm lub network.

  1. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab txog kev xaiv ntawm ib- lossis ob-theem meter, koj yuav tsum nrhiav seb hom hluav taws xob qhov twg koj xav muab lub ntsuas. Ua li no, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau lub 'meter' qub: yog tias nws hais tias 220/230V, ces koj yuav tsum yuav ib-theem ib zaug, thiab yog tias 220/380V lossis 230/400V - peb-theem ib.
  2. Lub ntsuas hluav taws xob twg tuaj yeem tiv taus lub nra zoo dua? Ntau tus neeg txaus siab rau lo lus nug no. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev, ib tug pa ntaus ntawv ua hauj lwm ntawm ib tug load tsis tshaj 60A thiab lub hwj chim ntawm 15 kW. Yog tias mam li nco dheev lub network tshaj cov nuj nqis no, ces nws tsim nyog yuav ib lub cuab yeej nrog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 100A. Cov kev ntsuas feem ntau tuaj yeem pom ntawm lub tsev nkag tshuab.
  3. Koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab tus lej ntawm koj tus kheej. Yog tias nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau koj los them rau ob peb, tom qab ntawd ua ntej txhim kho cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb hauv cov tub ceev xwm, koj yuav tsum qhia meej seb lawv puas tuaj yeem muab rau koj. Txwv tsis pub, cov khoom yuav khoom tsuas yog tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.
  4. Ua ntej xaiv, koj yuav tsum tig koj limloog rau qhov kev xaiv mounting. Txawm hais tias qhov no tsis cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm lub 'meter' nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev, nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev teeb tsa. Yog tias koj txiav txim siab los nruab ib lub 'meter' hauv ib chav tsev nrog lub tshuab modular thiab RCD hauv ib lub thawv yas (HagerGolf, Volta, Vector lossis Zog) lossis hauv ib lub ShchRN hlau thaiv, ces koj yuav xav tau ib- lossis peb-theem meter. ib qho modular din-rail (tsis yog tag nrho cov DIN-rail li yog inherently modular). Nyob rau hauv ib lub thawv yas rau mounting lub ntsuas hluav taws xob, peb bolts los yog ib lub phaj adapter yog siv. Thiab lub ntsuas hluav taws xob twg yog qhov zoo dua los tso rau sab nraum lub tsev, hauv chav ntsuas thiab tiv thaiv? Rau qhov no, BIZ, ShchU-1N-9, Shchur-8 yog qhov zoo dua. Koj muaj kev xaiv: tog twg los yuav ib lub txee rau mounting ntawm ib tug din-rail, los yog nyob rau hauv lub tiaj tus. Tab sis yog tias koj xaiv rau nruab rau ntawm din-rail, koj tseem yuav tau yuav nws. Ib yam yuav tshwm sim thaum txhim kho cov ntsuas ntsuas hauv cov ntaub thaiv hlau xws li SCHURN lossis SCHRUN.
  5. Duab
    Duab
  6. Qhov ntsuas qhov zoo tshaj plaws tau hais tias muaj ntau lub peev xwm ntxiv, xws li rov qab teeb pom kev zoo, suav hauv qhov tsis muaj hluav taws xob, lossis tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov zaub. Txawm li cas los xij, cov haujlwm no yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm zoo lossis kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cuab yeej. Txawm lawv yuav los tsis yog nyob ntawm koj.
  7. Txhua yam khoom siv kiag li, yam tsis muaj kev zam, ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv kev ua lag luam, raug kuaj xyuas hauv xeev (kev ua haujlwm thiab qhov tseeb ntawm kev ntsuas) ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Tom qab ua tiav kev pov thawj, ib lub foob tau muab tso rau hauv phau ntawv hla tebchaws ntawm lub cuab yeej, thiab lub xeev foob tau muab tso rau ntawm rooj plaub. Tsis tas li ntawd, hnub ntawm kev txheeb xyuas yuav tsum yog nyob rau hauv phau passport, thiab nyob raulub foob nws tus kheej - lub quarter thiab xyoo ntawm kev sim. Lwm lub 'meter' yuav tsum tau muab kaw thiab ntsia los ntawm lub tuam txhab muab hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm tsis pub dhau ob xyoos, thiab rau peb-theem xws li lub sij hawm raug txo mus rau ib xyoos. Koj tseem yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm cov ntsuas ntsuas thiab nws qhov ua tau zoo. Tias yog vim li cas rau cov khoom siv no muaj lub sijhawm hu ua lub sijhawm kuaj, uas rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntsuas hluav taws xob yog los ntawm kaum mus rau kaum rau xyoo, pib txij hnub tsim khoom.
  8. Thaum yuav ib lub cuab yeej uas xam hluav taws xob, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab saib cov chav kawm raug. Qhov ntsuas no tso cai rau koj kom pom qhov yuam kev siab tshaj plaws uas lub txee tuaj yeem tso cai rau hauv kev suav. Qhov nruab nrab, daim duab no rau cov tsev nyob yog 2%.

Cov tuam txhab tsim cov ntsuas hluav taws xob zoo tshaj plaws

Raws li cov ntaub ntawv raug cai los ntawm Abarcad, lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm hauv Moscow, hauv 2012 ntau tshaj yim lab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tau tsim nyob rau hauv Lavxias Federation, uas tus tsov ntxhuav feem (90%) yog ib-theem khoom siv. Qhov no qhia tau tias cov ntsuas hluav taws xob feem ntau hloov pauv hauv tsev neeg.

Duab
Duab

Qhov twg zoo dua siv? Nws paub tias ntau tshaj ¾ ntawm tag nrho cov khoom nyob rau hauv Russia yog tsim los ntawm peb lub tuam txhab Lavxias teb sab. Ntawm lawv yog Energomera kev txhawj xeeb (Stavropol), lub tuam txhab Incotex (Moscow) thiab Moscow Plant of Measuring Instruments tuav. Qhov chaw ua haujlwm hauv trio no yog coj los ntawm Energomera nrog 40% ntawm kev tsim khoom hauv cov cuab yeej cuab tam, ua raws li Incotex thiab Moscow cog ntawm ntsuas ntsuas nrog 29.thiab 7% feem. Tus nqi ntawm cov meters hauv tsev yog qis dua li cov neeg txawv teb chaws, tab sis qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov zoo tsis pom zoo.

Hluav taws xob ntsuas cov thawj coj lag luam

Duab
Duab

Yuav kom koj txiav txim siab seb lub txee twg zoo dua rau nruab, xav txog cov tuam txhab no me ntsis ntxiv:

  1. Kev txhawj xeeb los ntawm Stavropol "Energomera" muaj ob peb tsob ntoo tsis yog nyob hauv Russia nkaus xwb tab sis kuj nyob hauv cov tebchaws nyob sib ze. Tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo ntawm txhua yam, tus nqi sib txawv ntawm 13 txog 330 units hauv European txiaj.
  2. Incotex yog lub koom haum loj hauv tebchaws nrog cov chaw tsim khoom hauv Lavxias Federation thiab dhau mus. Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub tuam txhab no yog kev txhim kho thiab sib dhos ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, uas suav nrog cov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm txhua yam.
  3. "Moscow Plant of Measuring Instruments" (MZIP). Ib lub tuam txhab qub koom nrog kev tsim hluav taws xob ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab ntau yam khoom siv hauv xov tooj cua. Cov khoom tsim muaj xws li ib- thiab ob-theem hluav taws xob ntsuas.

Pom zoo: