Nyob hauv thaj chaw loj hauv tebchaws Russia, qhov hluav taws xob hauv tsev neeg feem ntau yog qhov ruaj khov. Hmoov tsis zoo, tib yam tsis tuaj yeem hais txog cov chaw nyob deb thiab cov zos. Qhov voltage nyob rau hauv tes hauj lwm nyob rau hauv xws li kev sib haum xeeb nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Federation, hmoov tsis, feem ntau dhia heev heev. Thiab qhov no, nyob rau hauv lem, tau kawg, muaj feem cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob surges, cov tswv ntawm lub teb chaws lub tsev feem ntau yuav khoom tshwj xeeb - voltage stabilizers. Cov tswv yim sib txuas hauv tsev ntiag tug rau cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem siv sib txawv.
ntau yam tseem ceeb
Hauv kev sib txuas hauv tsev neeg ntawm cov tsev ntiag tug, cov hauv qab no ntawm cov hluav taws xob stabilizers tam sim no ua haujlwm:
- servo;
- relay;
- triac.
Txhua yam khoom siv no tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo thiab nrov nrog cov neeg siv khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, rau tag nrho cov novoltage stabilizers, txoj kev sib txuas hauv tsev ntiag tug yuav luag tib yam.
Dab tsi yog servo stabilizer
Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm ntau yam no suav nrog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho, kev yooj yim ntawm kev tsim thiab tus nqi qis. Hauv peb lub tebchaws, piv txwv li, Energia stabilizers ntawm pab pawg no yog qhov nrov heev. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom siv ntawm hom no yog transformer nrog lub servo tsav. Lub tom kawg yog tswj los ntawm ib qho yooj yim hluav taws xob Circuit Court rau kev sib piv cov tswv yim thiab cov zis voltages.
Thaum qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tom kawg, qhov zoo lossis qhov tsis zoo yog siv rau DC servo ntawm lub cuab yeej. Tom qab ntawd, lub stabilizer servo tig rau thiab tig cov khoom tam sim no nruab nrog graphite txhuam kom txog thaum cov zis hluav taws xob yog 220 V.
pros and cons
Ntxiv rau tus nqi qis, qhov zoo ntawm "Zoo" stabilizers thiab lwm yam qauv ntawm tib tus qauv tsim, cov tswv ntawm cov tsev ntiav muaj xws li, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, qhov tseeb hais tias qhov voltage nyob rau hauv lawv yog tswj tsis muaj jumps. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom siv no muaj ib qho teeb meem loj. Cov cuab yeej ntawm no ntau yam tswj qhov voltage dhau lub sij hawm ntev heev.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov stabilizers ntawm qhov kev tsim no tsis yog kev nyab xeeb ntawm hluav taws kub heev. Nrog rau qhov poob qis hauv qhov hluav taws xob lossis qhov nce siab heev hauv nws, servo tsav ntawm cov cuab yeej no coj cov txhuam mus rau nws txoj haujlwm hnyav, tom qab ntawd nws tsuas yog jams. Hauv qhov no, thaumThaum qhov hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv tau rov qab mus rau qhov qub, ntawm qhov tso zis nws qhov taw qhia tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau npaum li 300 V. Thiab qhov no, dhau los, tuaj yeem ua rau hluav taws kub thiab tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev.
Relay Stabilizers
Lub ntsiab tsim ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm hom no yog:
- transformers;
- relay.
Thaum hloov lub windings ntawm relay transformers, cov zis voltage hauv tsev hloov mus rau qhov yuav tsum tau dhia. Nyob rau hauv txhua theem, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws muaj peev xwm nce, piv txwv li, los ntawm 20 V. Tus naj npawb ntawm switched windings nyob rau hauv stabilizers ntawm no hom ntawm txawv qauv txawv ntawm 5 mus rau 10.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm tus qauv tsim no suav nrog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, qhov tseeb tias, tsis zoo li cov servo-tsav, lawv tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov chaw nyob qhov twg qhov hluav taws xob poob qis heev. Nws raug tso cai rau ua haujlwm xws li cov khoom siv nrog lub network tsis sib xws los ntawm 150 txog 250 V. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv cov nqi tsis dhau yog suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm ntau yam no.
Lub ntsiab tsis zoo ntawm relay voltage regulators rau input rau lub tsev yog precisely lub fact tias cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv cov ntsuas nyob rau hauv lawv tshwm sim nyob rau hauv jumps. Qhov no tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov muag teev hauv tsev, thaum siv lub relay stabilizer, tuaj yeem ntsais siab. Lub suab nrov kuj suav tias yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv no. Txhua theem ntawm voltage nce nyob rau hauv lub stabilizers ntawm no ntau yam yog nrog los ntawm ib tug heev nrov nias. Yog li, nruab cov khoom sivhom no ncaj qha hauv chav nyob tsis pom zoo.
Triac stabilizers
Cov khoom siv ntawm ntau yam no ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li cov relay. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yog lub relay uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev hloov cov windings hauv cov khoom siv no, tab sis muaj zog triacs lossis thyristors. Hom kev tswj no feem ntau txawv ntawm qhov nws tsis muaj kev sib cuag. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub zog hloov maj mam, cov khoom siv no tsis nyem.
Kev txhim kho triac voltage stabilizer hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug feem ntau yuav tsis pheej yig heev. Cov khoom siv ntawm ntau yam no yog kim dua li cov relay. Tab sis nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv tuaj yeem siv rau hauv tes hauj lwm nrog ntau qhov ntau dua ntawm lub zog surges. Nws raug tso cai siv cov khoom siv ntawm hom no thaum tom kawg yog los ntawm 90 V txog 300 V.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm hom stabilizers no, ntxiv rau cov nqi siab, suav nrog qhov tseeb tias lawv yog cov khoom siv nrog qhov kub thiab txias. Txhawm rau kom cov cuab yeej zoo li no ua haujlwm ruaj khov, hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug yuav tsum tau siv ua ke nrog lub kiv cua txias.
Kev teeb tsa tsim nyog
Cov tswv tsev nyob hauv cov chaw nyob deb feem ntau tsis nug lawv tus kheej seb puas xav tau lub tshuab hluav taws xob nyob hauv tsev ntiag tug. Hauv cov nroog deb nroog thiab cov zos, feem ntau tsuas yog siv tsis tau txhua yam khoom siv - centrifugal thiab dej twj tso kua mis, tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws, tub yees, thiab lwm yam - tsis muaj cov cuab yeej zoo li no.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshaj lij qhia kev txhim kho qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob txawm nyob hauv tsev,nyob, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv suburbs. Hauv cov cheeb tsam zoo li no, lub network feem ntau yog qhov ruaj khov. Tab sis hmoov tsis, txawm cov tsev nyob ze ntawm lub nroog tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob. Tshwj xeeb, lub stabilizer yuav tsim nyog yog tias siv cov khoom kim heev hauv tsev. Txawm tias ib lub zog hluav taws xob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam, piv txwv li, lub computer lossis lub qhov cub hluav taws xob kim.
Yuav khoom twg?
Yog li koj tuaj yeem xaiv lub stabilizer zoo li cas rau ib lub tsev ntiag tug ua hauv ib lub zos nyob deb nroog lossis hauv cheeb tsam? Raws li peb pom:
- servo stabilizers yog qhov txawv ntawm lawv cov nqi qis thiab kev ua haujlwm ntsiag to, tab sis hmoov tsis lawv tsis muaj kev ntseeg siab tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hauv tsev los ntawm kev tawg;
- relay cov khoom siv kuj tseem pheej yig, muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej ntseeg tau, tab sis muaj suab nrov;
- triac stabilizers muaj txhua yam zoo ntawm cov relay, thaum lawv tsis nrov, tab sis lawv kim thiab yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom siv ntxiv.
Yog li, rau txhua yam ntawm kev tsim tawm, cov tswv ntawm cov vaj tsev nyob hauv nroog, nws yuav tsim nyog yuav tus nqi pheej yig servo stabilizer. Tseeb tiag, hauv cov tsev no, tsis muaj cov cuab yeej kim feem ntau yog ntsia.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws voltage stabilizer rau ib lub tsev ntiav feem ntau yuav yog ib tug relay los yog triac ntaus ntawv. Thaum siv cov cuab yeej no, cov tswv ntawm lub tsev nyob tsis tas yuav txhawj xeebhais txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm lawv cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws, cov twj tso kua mis centrifugal, khoos phis tawj, tub yees, thiab lwm yam. Yog tias nws muaj peev xwm nruab ib lub stabilizer nyob rau hauv ib chav uas tsis muaj cua sov, zoo-soundproof chav, nws yog qhov zoo dua, ntawm chav kawm, yuav khoom pheej yig relay.. Yog tias tsis muaj chav nyob hauv tsev, nws cov tswv feem ntau yuav tau yuav cov khoom siv triac. Kev nias ntawm relay stabilizers yeej nrov heev thiab ntxhov siab.
Dab tsi tuaj yeem txawv
Dab tsi yog qhov voltage stabilizers rau cov tsev ntiag tug thiab chav tsev los ntawm kev tsim, peb pom li no. Tab sis cov khoom siv ntawm hom no kuj tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm kev siv.
Raws li txoj cai tam sim no, hauv tsev ntiav niaj hnub no tau tso cai rau nruab ob theem ib-theem thiab peb-theem hluav taws xob sib txuas. Thawj hom kev sib txuas lus feem ntau yog nruab rau hauv cov tsev txog li 100 m2 2nrog tsis muaj ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev. Peb-theem tes hauj lwm feem ntau tau teeb tsa hauv tsev ntau tshaj 100 m2 2, nruab, piv txwv li, nrog cov khoom siv xws li cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws niaj hnub, tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws, khoom siv cua sov, thiab lwm yam.
Tau kawg, qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob yuav tsum raug xaiv coj mus rau hauv tus account, ntawm lwm yam, hom network hauv tsev. Hauv kev ua lag luam niaj hnub no muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li peb-theem thiab ib-theem. Rau ib lub tsev me me, yooj yim 220 V stabilizers feem ntau yog xaiv. Nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev loj, xws li 380 V peb-theem qauv los yog peb 220 V li tau nruab.ib theem. Qhov kev xaiv thib ob yog suav tias yooj yim dua thiab siv tau.
Qhov twg rau nruab qhov hluav taws xob stabilizer hauv tsev ntiag tug
Raws li cov kev cai tam sim no, qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau teeb tsa:
- hauv qhov chaw qhuav, qhov cua;
- nyob rau hauv lub niches ntawm phab ntsa los yog ncaj qha rau ntawm lawv nto, nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim hais tias cov cuab yeej tsis tuaj mus rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog combustible finishing cov ntaub ntawv;
- qhov sib txawv ntawm phab ntsa lossis niche kawg thiab lub stabilizer yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 10 cm.
Tau kawg, koj tsuas tuaj yeem dai stabilizers ntawm phab ntsa ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem txhawb nqa lawv qhov hnyav. Nws tseem ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv hauv tsev yuav tsum nyob ze li qhov ua tau rau daim ntaub thaiv.
Scheme rau ib-theem khoom
Yuav ua li cas txuas hom voltage stabilizer hauv tsev ntiag tug? Mounting xws li ib tug ntaus ntawv mus rau lub tsev hluav taws xob network yog tsis yooj yim. Txhawm rau ua cov txheej txheem no, ib-theem stabilizer yuav tsum xub tig nrog sab nraub qaum ntawm koj. Ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag tom qab ntawm cov khoom siv no muaj qhov thaiv nrog cov terminals rau tsib qhov txuas thiab daim duab qhia lawv. Feem ntau, cov xov hlau nyob hauv lub stabilizer hloov li no:
- phase thiab xoom;
- av;
- load theem thiab xoom.
Tom ntej no, thaum txuas lub stabilizer, koj yuav tsum paub qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov khoom siv sib txuas hauv daim ntaub thaiv. Koj tseem yuav tau xaiv cov cables kom raug (nyob ntawm lub zogstabilizer thiab loads txuas nrog nws). Feem ntau, thaum txhim kho ib-theem pab kiag li lawm nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws tsev, lub sij hawm VVG 3x1.5 (2, 5) yog siv. Cov kab no raug ntsuas rau nruab nrab lub zog thauj khoom.
Qhov tseeb, kev sib txuas ntawm ib theem transformer feem ntau yog ua raws li cov tswv yim no.
Siv nyob rau hauv suburban low-rise vaj tse, nyob ntawm seb lub network load, li no hom ntawm txawv muaj peev xwm. Piv txwv li, voltage stabilizers rau cov tsev ntiav ntawm 15 kW los yog, piv txwv li, 20 thiab 10 kW yog heev nrov nyob rau hauv Russia. Tab sis ntawm kev muag khoom niaj hnub no muaj ntau yam tsawg dua cov cuab yeej muaj zog ntawm hom no. Piv txwv li, cov qauv siv los tiv thaiv ib qho cuab yeej yog nrov heev nrog cov tswv ntawm cov tsev ntiag tug. Xws li stabilizers feem ntau muaj lub zog txog li 5 kW. Lawv peculiarity, ntawm lwm yam, yog hais tias lawv muaj peev xwm txuas mus rau ib lub tsev network yooj yim los ntawm lub qhov hluav taws xob.
Txhim khoom siv peb-theem
Rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo li no, cov phiaj xwm kev sib txuas hauv tsev ntiag tug tuaj yeem siv sib txawv. Raws li txoj kev teeb tsa ntawm peb-theem cov khoom siv, muaj ob hom:
- nrog peb modules rau peb lub davhlau ya nyob twg;
- nrog peb modules txhua nrog plaub lub davhlau ya nyob twg.
Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, cov tswv yim thiab cov zis ntawm theem xaim, nrog rau xoom, uas yog ib qho ntawm cov tswv yim, modules thiab load fais fab circuits, tsuas yog txuas nrog cov terminals. Hauv qab no, tus nyeem ntawv tau nthuav tawm nrog daim duab sib txuas rau lub stabilizer hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug. Peb theem voltage.
Nyob rau hauv stabilizers ntawm hom thib ob, ntxiv rau cov tswv yim thiab cov zis ntawm cov theem xaim, cov tswv yim thiab cov zis ntawm xoom txuas nrog cov modules. Ntawd yog, xoom fais fab input cable nyob rau hauv xws li circuits tsis txuas nrog xoom ntawm lub stabilized network. Hauv daim duab hauv qab no, cov kab hluav taws xob theem tau cim liab, thiab xoom xaim hauv xiav.
Cov cai dab tsi yuav tsum tau ua thaum txhim kho
Lub stabilizer yuav khoom ua ntej kev teeb tsa, thiab lwm yam, yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov kev puas tsuaj. Yog tias cov cuab yeej raug coj los ntawm lub khw muag khoom thaum lub caij ntuj no, nws yuav tsum tau khaws cia hauv chav sov rau qee lub sijhawm ua ntej txuas nws.
Tam sim ua ntej kev teeb tsa, lub tsev network, tau kawg, yuav tsum tau de-energized. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cuab yeej raug tshem tawm nyob rau hauv qhov chaw xaiv rau nws ntawm lub brackets. Lub input fais fab circuits los ntawm qhov voltage yog muab, thaum txuas lub stabilizer, yuav tsum tau nqa tawm los ntawm ib tug Circuit Court breaker nrog ib tug rated tam sim no coj mus rau lub load tam sim no. Cov cuab yeej zoo li no yuav muab kev tiv thaiv luv luv thiab overloads.
