Hom kev tiv thaiv dej. Waterproofing qauv. Kua iav rau waterproofing

Cov txheej txheem:

Hom kev tiv thaiv dej. Waterproofing qauv. Kua iav rau waterproofing
Hom kev tiv thaiv dej. Waterproofing qauv. Kua iav rau waterproofing

Video: Hom kev tiv thaiv dej. Waterproofing qauv. Kua iav rau waterproofing

Video: Hom kev tiv thaiv dej. Waterproofing qauv. Kua iav rau waterproofing
Video: Casio G-SHOCK GBD800-1B | Black G Shock G-SQUAD Step Tracker GBD-800 Топ 10 вещей 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Txhua qhov chaw thiab cov qauv uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov dej noo thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm xav tau kev tiv thaiv dej. Yog hais tias peb tham txog lub teb chaws lub tsev, ces qhov no yuav tsum muaj xws li ru tsev, hauv qab daus, raws li zoo raws li lub hauv paus. Hauv ib chav tsev lossis lub tsev, cov no yog cov chav dej thiab cov chaw huv huv uas muaj dej nyab thiab dej ntws tawm tuaj.

Sab hauv cov qauv, cov dej tsis sib haum yog xav tau rau cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev uas xav tau kev tiv thaiv los ntawm nag lossis daus thiab condensation. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm dej tsis yog tsuas yog qhov chaw muaj peev xwm ntawm nws txoj kev nkag mus, tab sis kuj yog qhov twg condensate thiab ntxuav dej tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov qauv. Ua li no, ntau hom kev siv dej tsis sib haum niaj hnub no, uas tuaj yeem faib raws li qhov chaw ntawm daim ntawv thov thiab lub hom phiaj.

Ntau yam kev tiv thaiv dej los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm daim ntawv thov thiab lub sijhawm siv

hom waterproofing
hom waterproofing

Xav txog cov hom kev tiv thaiv dej, yuav tsum nyob ze duaPaub koj tus kheej nrog cov ntaub ntawv uas tau muab cais raws li qhov chaw siv. Cov khoom siv rau kev ua haujlwm zoo li no tuaj yeem tsim los rau kev siv sab nraud lossis sab hauv. Internal waterproofing yog tag nrho cov kev ntsuas uas tso cai rau koj los tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm dej nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Qhov no yuav tsum suav nrog kev tiv thaiv dej hauv pem teb thiab phab ntsa hauv chav dej.

Cov dej tsis muaj dej sab nraud yog siv rau sab nraud ntawm cov qauv. Piv txwv li, lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv los ntawm cov dej hauv av. Xav txog cov hom waterproofing, ib tug yuav tsum tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov ntaub ntawv uas tau muab faib raws li lub sij hawm ntawm kev siv. Yog li, waterproofing yuav yog thawj thiab thib ob. Thawj yog siv thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho ntawm qhov chaw, thaum lub thib ob yog siv thaum lub sij hawm kho.

Piv txwv li, yog tias vim qee yam kev tiv thaiv thawj zaug puas los yog tsis tiv nrog cov dej num, tom qab ntawd cov kev ntsuas dej tsis zoo thib ob raug coj los siv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub qub txheej yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm, lub nto ntxuav, thiab ces yuav tsum tau siv ib tug tshiab txheej ntawm waterproofing. Qee lub sij hawm siv thev naus laus zis thaum txheej txheej tshiab siv rau saum lub qub.

Ntau yam kev tiv thaiv dej los ntawm lub hom phiaj thiab nta

kua iav rau waterproofing
kua iav rau waterproofing

Ntau hom kev tiv thaiv dej muaj nyob hauv khw niaj hnub no. Lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua raws li cov yam ntxwv thiab lub hom phiaj, ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau hais txog:

  • tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab;
  • tsis-siab;
  • tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
  • superficial;
  • kev sib tw.

Txhob Cia Siabsiv los tiv thaiv zoo dej siab. Yog tias cov dej hauv av siab txaus, ces cov phab ntsa sab nrauv ntawm lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv dej. Qhov no siv cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav muaj peev xwm tiv taus dej siab.

Cov dej tsis muaj dej tsis zoo yog siv thaum tsim nyog los tiv thaiv cov qauv ntawm cov dej tsis zoo. Cov hauj lwm zoo li no yuav tsum tau ua thaum lub caij ntuj nag hnyav los yog dej nyab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav uas sib sau nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hauv paus. Anti-capillary waterproofing tso cai rau koj los tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm nce noo noo los ntawm capillaries. Xws li kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum yog vim muaj ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev muaj peev xwm nqus dej, uas tom qab ntawd nce mus rau saum. Ntawm lwm tus, cib thiab pob zeb yuav tsum tau qhia.

Ntau yam dej tsis sib haum raws li txoj kev npaj

bituminous mastic rau waterproofing
bituminous mastic rau waterproofing

Xav txog cov hom kev tiv thaiv dej, koj tseem yuav kawm txog cov ntaub ntawv uas tau muab faib raws li txoj kev npaj, lawv tuaj yeem ua tau:

  • painting;
  • stucco;
  • cast;
  • txhaj tshuaj;
  • mountable;
  • film;
  • coated;
  • pased;
  • impregnation;
  • bulk;
  • structural.

Kev siv cov txheej txheem dej tsis zoo

waterproofing qauv
waterproofing qauv

Waterproofing ntawm cov qauv yog feem ntau ua nrog cov ntaub ntawv txheej, uas yog sawv cev los ntawm mastics, ob-tivthaiv thiab ib-tivthaiv elasticcov qauv. Lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv ib txheej nrog ib tug thickness xws li 2 hli mus rau 6 cm, xws li waterproofing ntawm cov qauv yog siv rau sab nraud tiv thaiv ntawm lub tsev ntsiab.

Ntau zaus, txheej txheej dej tsis zoo yog siv rau cov hauv paus los tiv thaiv cov dej hauv av. Mastic kuj tseem siv tau rau kev ua haujlwm sab hauv. Hauv qhov no, nws npog cov phab ntsa hauv qab daus lossis chav dej. Cov kab nrib pleb tuaj yeem kho nrog txheej txheej waterproofing.

Lubricants yog sawv cev los ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw bituminous. Ntawm qhov zoo ntawm xws li kev daws teeb meem tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tus nqi qis. Txawm li cas los xij, kuj tseem muaj qhov tsis zoo, uas tau qhia hauv brittleness ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Bitumen pib poob elasticity thaum tus pas ntsuas kub poob qis dua xoom. Yog tias deformations tshwm sim nyob rau lub sijhawm no, qhov no yuav ua rau muaj qhov khoob thiab tawg. Thaum lub sij hawm, cov khoom yuav tev tawm ntawm tag nrho.

Bitumen mastic rau waterproofing yog npaj los pab rau li 6 xyoo. Cov khoom tsis ua haujlwm qee zaum tom qab plaub lub caij ntuj no. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev siv cov dej tsis zoo li no kuj yog qhov txaus ntshai ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog kub bitumen. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov saum npoo yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo npaj. Nws yuav tsum tsis muaj kev tsim, khib nyiab, plua plav thiab mortar.

Txheej txheej dej tsis muaj dej tsuas yog ua tau thaum huab cua qhuav. Tom qab txiav txim siab tag nrho cov yam ntxwv ntawm txoj hauv kev no, peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias bituminous mastic rau waterproofing tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas qhov tshwm sim ntawm to me me txaus. Qhov no yuav tsum muaj ib qho piv txwvqhov twg cov dej hauv av qis. Xws li tshuab ntawm lub ru tsev tsis cuam tshuam, vim tias nyob rau hauv huab cua txias lub pob zeb tawg, thiab cov dej khov ua rau cov khoom tawg. Yog li ntawd, los ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, qhov saum npoo poob nws nruj.

Ntawm ntawm gluing waterproofing

hauv qab daus waterproofing
hauv qab daus waterproofing

Kev tso dej tsis sib haum yog siv cov ntaub ntawv yob uas tau muab tso rau hauv ob peb txheej. Txoj kev no tsuas yog siv rau sab nraud los tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv dej. Cov kev daws teeb meem nrov tshaj plaws rau txoj haujlwm no yog:

  • khoom siv vov tsev;
  • tsuas;
  • cov ntaub ntawv bituminous raws li fiberglass;
  • iav;
  • polymerized bituminous cov ntaub ntawv;
  • bitumen roj hmab.

Yog tias kev tiv thaiv dej sab nraud yog ua los ntawm kev siv cov yob niaj hnub nrog cov khoom siv polymer, cov txiaj ntsig zoo yuav ua tiav. Cov txheej txheej waterproofing yuav ruaj, pwm yuav tsis tsim rau nws nto, nws yuav tsis rot. Qhov zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pasting tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov ua tau ntawm kev tso rau ntawm qhov chaw sib txawv los ntawm hom:

  • ntoo;
  • metal;
  • paj;
  • flat slate;
  • old cover;
  • asph alt qhob.

Qhov kev tiv thaiv dej tsis zoo no tsis muaj dej tsis zoo, tiv taus qhov hnyav ib puag ncig thiab kev lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov saum npoo yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo npaj ua ntej. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tshem tawm qhov tsis sib xws uas ntau tshaj 2 hli. Vuam los yog gluing yuav tsum tau ua nrog tshwj xeebkev ncaj ncees.

Ua haujlwm tuaj yeem pib thaum lub ntsuas kub siab tshaj +10 ° C. Nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm txhua yam loads, cov khoom yuav tsim kua muag, yog li nws yog ntshaw kom tiv thaiv nws. Feem ntau, cov thev naus laus zis no tau siv niaj hnub no los tiv thaiv lub hauv paus. Tau txiav txim siab txog hom dej tsis zoo, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias cov kev xaiv no tsis haum rau koj. Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog vim qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntxiv rau phab ntsa siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias cov av noo ntawm qhov chaw qis qis ua ntej siv cov khoom siv. Yog cov pob zeb ntub dej, yuav tsis muaj adhesion.

Painting waterproof

waterproofing ceresit
waterproofing ceresit

Cov xim txheej yog siv nrog lub thickness ntawm 3 mus rau 6 hli. Cov zaj duab xis yog heev elastic thiab tsis muaj seams. Koj muaj peev xwm nqa tawm xws li waterproofing ntawm lub da dej nyob rau hauv lub pobzeb. Txawm li cas los xij, pleev xim mastics kuj siv rau kev ua haujlwm sab nraud. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov khoom xyaw no, crumbling, tawg thiab yaig tuaj yeem sib xyaw. Cov ntaub ntawv siv yog bituminous mastics nrog ntxiv ntawm asbestos thiab talc, nrog rau cov tebchaw raws li hluavtaws resins. Xws li technologies yog pheej yig. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los qhia txog qhov zoo ntawm vapor permeability thiab abrasion tsis kam. Txawm li cas los xij, kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo, ib qho ntawm lawv tau hais tawm hauv qhov tsis muaj zog. Cov txheej txheem no tau npaj ua haujlwm li ntawm 6 xyoo.

pobzeb da dej waterproofing
pobzeb da dej waterproofing

Ntau zaus, kev tiv thaiv dej yog nqa tawm nrog cov ntaub ntawv ua kua. Lawv sawv cev los ntawm polymer-bitumen emulsions,uas yog dej raws. Xws li cov khoom sib xyaw tseem hu ua kua roj hmab. Lawv tuaj yeem yog ib qho lossis ob qho, thiab daim ntawv thov yog nqa tawm siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Txoj kev no tseem ceeb tsis yog rau hauv qab daus xwb, tab sis kuj rau lub ru tsev. Qhov zoo muaj xws li lub peev xwm ntawm cov kua roj hmab los sau cov pores me me.

Kev tiv thaiv dej hauv lub pas dej nrog cov roj hmab ua kua tso cai rau koj los tsim cov txheej txheej airtight. Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account qee qhov tsis zoo ntawm txoj kev no, lawv tau qhia nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, uas yuav tsum tau khaws cia hauv qee qhov kev txwv. Cov roj hmab ua kua tsuas yog siv tau ntawm +5 ° C thiab siab dua.

Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov dej tsis zoo li no yuav tsum tsis txhob raug puas tsuaj. Nws ntshai punctures. Ua ntej siv cov txheej, qhuav qhov chaw thiab xyuas kom meej tias nws tsis khov. Qhov chaw nyuaj yuav xav tau kev siv ntau dua ntawm cov khoom siv, uas ua rau muaj kev nce nqi ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Kev txau yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cua daj cua dub, yog li ua haujlwm yuav tsum tos kom txog thaum muaj xwm txheej zoo.

YPenetrating waterproofing

Kev tiv thaiv dej hauv qab daus tuaj yeem ua nrog cov ntaub ntawv nkag mus uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov dej capillary. Ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm hom no yog ib tug sib tov ntawm:

  • tshuaj lom neeg ntxiv;
  • finely av quartz xuab zeb;
  • Portland cement.

Daim ntawv thov yog nqa tawm ntawm qhov chaw ntub dej, tom qab ntawd cov khoom sib xyaw pib sib cuag nrog dej, tsim cov muaju uas sau cov hlab ntsha,tawg thiab pores. Kev nkag mus tob tuaj yeem ncav cuag 25 cm. Qee cov tuam txhab thov tias cov khoom sib xyaw nkag mus rau hauv qhov tob 90 cm.

Kev tiv thaiv dej hauv qab daus siv cov cuab yeej no tau zoo heev. Yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem khawb tawm lub hauv paus, ces kev ua haujlwm tuaj yeem nqa tawm ntawm sab hauv. Cov ntaub ntawv nkag tuaj yeem siv los ua dej tsis muaj ntau lub ntim xws li silo pits. Ntawm qhov zoo, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los qhia txog qhov ua tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv qab daus. Tsis tas yuav khawb tawm lub hauv paus. Kev ziab ntawm qhov chaw kuj tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua. Cov khoom siv tom qab waterproofing yog tiv thaiv tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm sab nraud, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv. Nws yog npaj los ua hauj lwm rau lub sij hawm ntev heev. Qhob tib lub sij hawm khaws cia muaj peev xwm vapor permeability.

ua haujlwm tiv thaiv hauv tsev ntoo

Kev tiv thaiv dej hauv tsev ntoo yog qhov tsim nyog. Txhawm rau kom cov boards hauv pem teb tsis tuaj yeem siv tsis tau ua ntej, kab rov tav waterproofing yuav tsum tau nteg nruab nrab ntawm lub hauv paus thiab cov yas qis. Feem ntau nws yog ua los ntawm bituminous mastic thiab yob cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv cov chaw uas muaj kev txhawb nqa lag luam nyob, nws tseem yuav tsum tau npaj cov dej tsis sib haum. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tsim cov condensate hauv chav hauv av, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau muab cov qhov cua nyob rau hauv cov phab ntsa sab nraud.

Lub hauv paus sab nraud yuav tsum tau them nrog cov kua lossis cov yeeb yaj kiab dej tsis zoo. Sab hauv yuav tsum tau waterproofed. Hauv qab daus nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav nyob twj ywm qhuav txawm nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav dej nyab. Raws li rau hauv pem teb ntoo hauv ib lub tsev ntoo, nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv siv hom hauv qab nowaterproofing:

  • painting;
  • cast;
  • pab;
  • impregnation.

Kev tso dej tsis sib haum txhais tau hais tias yuav tsum tau tsim cov ntaub pua plag txuas ntxiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv bitumen-polymer, bituminous lossis polymeric cov ntaub ntawv. Ua ntej pib nrog kev tso thawj txheej, cov pob zeb ntxhib hauv pem teb lossis pob zeb ua pob zeb yog ntxuav ntawm cov khib nyiab thiab plua plav, leveled thiab kho nrog primer. Yog hais tias qhov sib tshooj yog cav lossis plank, ces nws yuav tsum tau kho nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab cov nplaim hluav taws.

Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum pib tso cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo. Cov pob qij txha, yog tias muaj, yog glued, thiab txheej tom ntej yog nteg on top ntawm mastic, uas ua cov khoom nteg nyob rau hauv lub dhau los theem. Tom qab kev npaj zoo li no, koj tuaj yeem pw hauv pem teb ntoo zoo.

rwb thaiv tsev nrog cov khoom vov tsev

Cov khoom siv vov tsev tsis muaj dej tsis muaj dej yog siv cov khoom siv dov, uas yog nteg los ntawm gluing. Nyob rau saum npoo, cov khoom siv vov tsev muaj zog nrog kev pab los ntawm bituminous mastics. Lub viscosity ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tso cai rau cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab tiv thaiv lub plinth, hauv paus lossis hauv qab daus los ntawm dej nkag. Yog tias gluing nrog cov khoom siv vov tsev ua ke nrog plaster rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub hauv paus cib, qhov no yuav ua rau lub neej ntev ntawm txheej.

Siv kua iav

Cov iav ua kua rau kev tiv thaiv dej yog siv ntau zaus niaj hnub no. Sodium silicate los yog potassium silicate ua raws li lub hauv paus ntawm cov khoom, qhov kev xaiv tom kawg yog kim dua. Cov iav ua kua yog siv los sivsprayer los yog txhuam. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, cov sib tov yog yaj nyob rau hauv dej nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1 mus rau 5. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws muaj peev xwm txo tau noj. Cov iav ua kua tso cai rau koj los tiv thaiv ntoo los ntawm fungus thiab pwm, ua rau nws cov hluav taws kub. Cov iav ua kua rau cov dej tsis muaj dej kuj tseem siv los ua cov txheej txheem nruab nrab ua ntej tso cov vuas los yog siv plaster. Cov txheej txheej sab nrauv tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov chaw los ntawm kev puas tsuaj, pwm thiab kua qaub.

Ceresit brand waterproofing

Waterproofing Ceresit muaj muag rau ntau hom. Piv txwv li, CR 65 yog ib qho kev sib xyaw qhuav uas ua rau txias, tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm ntsev thiab alkali, thiab siv tau yooj yim. Daim ntawv thov yuav tsum tau ua nrog ib tug txhuam los yog spatula. Kev ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua hauv tsev lossis sab nraum zoov.

Ceresit waterproofing kuj muaj nyob rau hauv CL 51 ntau yam, uas muaj daim ntawv ntawm ib tug polymer dispersion thiab muaj ib tug high degree ntawm elasticity. Siv sab hauv tsev thiab zoo rau kev tiv thaiv dej hauv qab cua sov.

Pom zoo: