Cov xim pleev xim dej tau ntev tau siv tsis tau tsuas yog hauv kev tsim sab hauv, tab sis kuj rau kev ua haujlwm sab nraum zoov. Tab sis nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov dej-raws li formulations tau ntsib ib tug rebirth. Designers tau ceeb toom. Cov xim zoo li no tau pib muaj koob meej sai sai, tshem tawm ntau yam xim thiab cov kua roj vanish uas tsim los ntawm cov kuab tshuaj lom.
Cov roj pleev xim tsis zoo, nrog rau nitro enamels, uas feem ntau siv hauv peb lub tebchaws thaum lub sijhawm Soviet, tau xyaum ploj mus. Dej-raws li xim rau phab ntsa thiab qab nthab yog ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg nrog me me polymer hais embedded (tab sis tsis yaj) nyob rau hauv dej, additives, fillers thiab pigments. Tom qab siv cov xim rau phab ntsa (los yog qab nthab) thiab ntxiv evaporation ntawm cov dej (nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, tom qab muaj pes tsawg leeg dries), ib tug tawv thiab ntom polymer zaj duab xis yog tsim uas adheres rau lub hauv paus.
Ntawm no yog dab tsi?
Aqueous emulsion xim rau phab ntsa thiab qab nthab yog universal: nws tuaj yeem siv rau kev ua tiavnto ntawm txhua yam. Cov no yog plaster thiab drywall, ntoo thiab cib, wallpaper rau painting (tshwj xeeb yog iav) thiab pob zeb.
Thaum xaiv cov dej raws li qhov xav tau, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias muaj ntau hom xim xim dej uas tsim los ua kom tiav chav sib txawv. Lawv muaj lawv tus kheej qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig thiab qhov tsis zoo uas cov xim pleev xim rau cov phab ntsa thiab qab nthab muaj, yuav ua li cas xaiv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, suav qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv no, thiab, ntawm chav kawm, sib tham txog yuav ua li cas siv cov khoom siv zoo. khoom rau saum npoo.
Cov xim pleev xim dej yog dab tsi?
Cov dej-raws li cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke poob rau ntau pawg. Cia peb kawm paub ntau ntxiv.
Acrylic xim
Qhov no yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau siv hom kev pab them nqi. Acrylic dej-raws li xim rau phab ntsa thiab qab nthab yog resistant rau sab nraud influences. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim muaj cov acrylic resins nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg. Thaum qias neeg, nws tuaj yeem ntxuav. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj thaj chaw, chaw ua haujlwm, thiab lwm yam.
Ntawm cov xim acrylic:
- Haum rau txhua sab hauv thiab sab nrauv siv cov xim acrylic rau phab ntsa thiab qab nthab. Kev siv - los ntawm 100 mus rau 200 grams ib square meter (nyob ntawm seb lub tuam txhab tsim khoom).
- Daim ntawv thov ntawm alkaline hauv paus (plaster) tsuas yog tso cai tom qab ua tiav ziab ntawm qhov chaw. Qhov no tau piav qhia los ntawmcov txheej txheem hardening ntawm plaster txheej yog ntev heev, tsawg kawg 30 hnub.
- Tsawg roj permeability, tiv thaiv corrosion zoo rau cov pob zeb ntxiv.
- Tsis haum rau kev ua tiav chav nrog cov phab ntsa ntub dej thiab cov dej tsis zoo ntawm lub hauv paus. Hauv qhov no, cov xim silicate thiab silicone yog qhov tsim nyog dua.
Silicon resin xim
Nws yog lub xub ntiag ntawm silicone resins uas ua rau cov formulations kim. Lawv tuaj yeem siv rau daim ntawv thov ntawm txhua qhov ntxhia txheej. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm cov xim no yog elasticity: nws pleev xim rau cov kab nrib pleb txog li ob millimeters. Cov xim silicone yog vapor-permeable thiab, kawg tab sis tsis kawg, microbes tsis yug ntawm cov txheej zoo li no.
Tag nrho cov no tso cai rau kev siv cov khoom siv silicone hauv cov chav uas cov av noo siab heev: da dej, chav dej, chav ua noj, hauv qab daus, thiab lwm yam. Vim yog qhov ntim ntawm roughness thiab irregularities, cov xim no tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias., av noo. Nws tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha rau plaster yam tsis muaj priming saum npoo.
Silicate xim
Qhov no yog ib qho sib xyaw uas muaj cov kua dej, kua iav thiab cov xim xim. Nws cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb suav nrog qhov tsis muaj zaj duab xis saum npoo, uas yog hloov los ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj-lub cev muaj zog. Lawv yog cov heev resistant rau mechanical thiab atmospheric influences. Cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm cov xim silicate lav lub neej ntev ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw - txog nees nkaum xyoo. Cov xim zoo li nozoo heev rau sab nrauv kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm qhib terraces thiab facades ntawm lub tsev.
YPolyvinyl acetate xim
Cov xim no nrov heev vim tus nqi pheej yig thiab zoo. Nws yog tsim los ntawm PVA thiab yog npaj rau kev ua tiav sab hauv.
txiaj ntsig:
- Tau txais cov duab los qhia, plaster, ntoo thiab lwm yam khoom ntxeem tau.
- Yuav siv tau rau hauv chav xav tau kev nyab xeeb hluav taws kub.
- Tsis muaj cov khoom tsim kev puas tsuaj, tawg thiab hluav taws kub.
- Nws tsis muaj xim loj heev, tab sis cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb yuav pab muab qhov ntxoov ntxoo rau nws. Kev siv cov additives tso cai rau koj kom tau ib tug matte los yog glossy nto.
- Dries sai.
Mineral Paints
Cov xim dej ntxhia rau phab ntsa thiab qab nthab raws li cov cement thiab slaked txiv qaub thiab siv rau pleev xim pob zeb thiab cib. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntawv sau no yog lub neej ua haujlwm luv luv, yog li tsis ntev los no lawv tau poob lawv qhov chaw.
Laj-raws li ntxuav dej-raws li xim
Yog tias koj xav tau qhov chaw uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ya raws, ces koj yuav xav tau cov xim pleev xim rau phab ntsa, qab nthab, ntxhua khaub ncaws. Yuav kom tau txais cov nyhuv no, latex yog ntxiv rau cov xim ntawm lub Hoobkas. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws tiv taus ntau tshaj tsib txhiab ntub dej ntxuav, thaum cov xim pleev ximtsuas tuaj yeem so qee zaus. Yog li ntawd, nws yog tsim nyog rau painting ceilings thiab phab ntsa nyob rau hauv lub chav ua noj, chav dej. Cov subspecies ntawm cov xim acrylic belongs rau cov nqi nruab nrab qeb.
Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw no tsis yog tsuas yog cov khoom siv dej zoo heev, tab sis kuj muaj peev xwm los npog cov kab nrib pleb loj (ob lub tsho loj ntawm cov xim yooj yim npog cov kab nrib pleb mus txog ib millimeter), yog li kev npaj txhij nrog putty tsis tas yuav tsum tau. ua ntej thov.
Washable water-based paints for ceilings and walls of the following brands is popular today:
- "Txiv";
- "EkoDom";
- Dall;
- "Premier";
- Alpalux.
Gloss level
Dej-raws li xim rau phab ntsa thiab qab nthab sib txawv nyob rau hauv ib qho ntxiv qhia - lub degree ntawm gloss. Txog rau tam sim no, manufacturers muab:
- dub matte;
- glossy;
- matte;
- semi-matte (silky matte);
- siab gloss;
- semi-gloss.
Gloss thiab semi-gloss xim yog tiv taus ntau dua li cov xim matte thiab sib sib zog nqus matte. Cov xim uas muaj cov nyhuv glossy tuaj yeem ntxuav ntau zaus. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias lub nto ntawm xws li xim yog txig du thiab txawm. Kev ntxuav nrog cov ntaub ntub dej tsis tshua hloov nws qhov kev ntxhib los mos ntawm qib micro, thaum cov xim matte tuaj yeem muab tshem tawm sai sai, ua rau muaj qhov tsis pom tseeb ntawm qhov chaw. Hauv qhov no, qhov chawyuav tsum tau pleev xim dua.
Cov xim pleev xim rau phab ntsa, qab nthab: yam ntxwv
Ua ntej yuav cov xim pleev xim dej, nws yuav tsum tau kawm nws cov yam ntxwv: muaj pes tsawg leeg, noj, viscosity, ziab lub sij hawm, tshwj xeeb nqus, khaws cia, hnub tas sij hawm.
Viscosity
Qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum siab heev. Nws txiav txim siab qhov degree ntawm dilution ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg nrog dej. Thaum siv txhuam hniav, qhov ntsuas no nyob ntawm 40 txog 45 s, thaum siv cov xim pleev xim - los ntawm 20 mus rau 25 s.
Nyiaj
Is 150 grams ib square meter, 250 grams rau ob lub tsho loj. Feem ntau, cov tuam txhab lag luam tsis txhob txwm dag ntxias cov neeg yuav khoom los ntawm kev qhia tias lawv cov xim pleev xim rau cov phab ntsa thiab qab nthab tau noj ntawm 110-140 grams ib square meter. Cov ntsuas no sib haum rau cov xwm txheej zoo tshaj plaws - zoo-plastered, zoo kawg nkaus du phab ntsa, npog nrog nyias txheej ntawm cov xim. Hauv kev muaj tiag, kev noj haus feem ntau yog nyob ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm qhov chaw kho mob, nws qhov roughness, absorbency thiab txoj kev tha xim. Piv txwv li, daim ntawv thov rau cov menyuam siv tau ntau dua li kev siv txhuam hniav.
sijhawm ziab
qhov ntsuas no nyob ntawm cov av noo thiab huab cua kub. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws huab cua humidity yog 65%, kub yog +20 ° C. Lub sij hawm ziab yog li ntawm 2 mus rau 24 teev.
Hnub Kawg
Feem ntau cov tuam ntxhab qhia tias lub txee lub neej ntawm lawv cov khoom yog 24 lub hlis txij li hnub tsim khoom. Qhov twgKev khaws cia yuav tsum raug soj ntsuam: muab qhov chaw tiv thaiv los ntawm tshav kub thiab tiv thaiv kom khov.
Koj txhais li cas?
Ib qho ntawm cov ntsuas kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov dej-raws li cov qauv yog lawv cov nqi. Xav txog tias 90% ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv rau kev tsim cov xim acrylic thiab dej-raws li tau tuaj rau peb lub teb chaws los ntawm cov teb chaws Europe, ces tus nqi ntawm ib liter ntawm cov xim yuav tsis tsawg tshaj li 70 rubles. Qhov kev txo nqi tseem ceeb no yuav yog vim qhov txo qis hauv cov khoom zoo.
Muaj lwm qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov zoo - qhov hnyav ntawm cov xim. Nws qhov nruab nrab ntom ntom yog li ntawm 1.35 txog 1.5 kilograms ib liter, yog li lub thoob kaum-liter yuav tsum tsis txhob hnyav tshaj kaum tsib kilograms. Cov xim pleev xim rau cov phab ntsa thiab qab nthab yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav hauv khw, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, hauv cov chav tsis muaj cua sov - thaum khov thiab thawing ntxiv, cov xim poob nws cov khoom.
Producers
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xaiv qhov zoo-paub, tsim tau zoo ntawm cov xim pleev xim dej. Niaj hnub no, Dulux (Great Britain) yog tus thawj coj tsis sib haum xeeb hauv peb lub khw, Tikkurila dej-raws li xim rau phab ntsa thiab qab nthab (Finland) yog qhov txawv ntawm cov yam ntxwv zoo heev thiab cov khoom zoo, Dufa paints (Lub teb chaws Yelemees) tsis muaj tsawg nrov, zoo zoo, tab sis tus nqi siab heev muaj cov ntawv sau Johnstone's (Great Britain). Los ntawmCov khoom siv hauv tsev, peb xav kom koj ua tib zoo mloog rau "Admiral" thiab "Eurolux" (Russia).
paj duab phab ntsa thiab qab nthab nrog cov xim pleev xim dej
Raws li txoj cai, tsis muaj teeb meem nrog kev pleev xim rau phab ntsa, tab sis ua tiav lub qab nthab yog txheej txheem txheej txheem nyuaj dua. Ua ntej pib ua hauj lwm, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los npaj qhov chaw - tshem tawm cov seem ntawm cov txheej qub, xuab zeb thiab qib. Tom qab ua haujlwm no, cov xim pleev xim yuav txo qis heev.
Dej-raws li cov xim diluted 30-40% nrog dej kuj tuaj yeem ua primer, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov primer zoo rau koj hom nto.
Cov xim pleev xim rau cov phab ntsa thiab qab nthab xav tau kev sim ua ntej kom nkag siab tias nws cov xim tiag tiag yuav yog. Siv ib txheej nyias ntawm cov xim me me rau ntawm phab ntsa thiab tos kom qhuav. Raws li txoj cai, cov xim hloov mus ua ob peb lub suab sib zog dua hauv lub thoob.
Kev pleev xim rau phab ntsa thiab qab nthab nrog cov xim pleev xim dej pib los ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm chav tsev ntawm lub qhov rais, tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsum tau pleev xim rau cov ces kaum thiab cov pob qij txha ntawm lub qab nthab thiab phab ntsa: ib daim kab xev txog tsib centimeters. dav yog siv nyob ib ncig ntawm lub perimeter ntawm lub qab nthab. Tom qab ntawd, cov menyuam los yog rab phom tsuag pib ua haujlwm.
Ua kom cov xim sib txawv, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv ob lossis peb lub tsho nyias nyias es tsis yog ib qho tuab heev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm cov xim yuav tsum tau superimposed perpendicular rau ib leeg. Txhua txheej tom ntej yog siv tom qab ziab kawg ntawm yav tas los thov ib qho. Cov txheej txheem kawg yuav tsum tau siv rau qhov sib npaug ntawm lub teeb rays, deb ntawm lub qhov rais. Ua tsaug rau qhov ua kom yuam kev me me no, qhov tsis raug thiab qhov tsis sib xws me me yuav tsis pom zoo.
Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov teeb meem tsis raug, siv cov iav textured. Woven textured nto zoo kawg nkaus npog txhua qhov yuam kev thaum pleev xim. Nws tsis yog qhov nyuaj rau pleev xim rau phab ntsa, lub qab nthab nrog cov xim pleev xim dej, qhov haujlwm no yuav siv sijhawm me ntsis thiab tib lub sijhawm koj tuaj yeem tsim ib qho tseem ceeb sab hauv.
