Lub hauv paus hauv qab yog qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm lub hauv paus, uas nce saum av mus txog 2 m lossis tsawg dua. Nws yog ib feem ntawm lub tsev thiab ua raws li ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb, yog li nws cov waterproofing yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Cov txheej txheem no yog tsim nyog, nws yog tsom rau kom ntseeg tau tias noo noo tsis nkag mus rau hauv lub hauv paus. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm zoo li no yuav tsis suav nrog qhov nce ntawm capillary noo noo, uas tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov siab txog li 5 m.
Feem ntau, kev tso dej tsis zoo ntawm lub hauv paus hauv qab yog nqa tawm txawm tias thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho lub tsev, tib txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv kev xau thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub hauv paus. Nws tuaj yeem nqa tawm sab nraud thiab sab hauv. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov phab ntsa thiab lub hauv paus, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua cov dej tsis zoo sab nraud, vim nws yog los ntawm sab ntawm txoj kev uas cov ntaub ntawv raug cuam tshuam rau qhov tsis zoo thiab dej hauv av. Txhawm rau txo qhov ntim ntawm lub ntiaj teb ua haujlwm, nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua cov dej tsis sib haum ntawm theem ntawm kev tsim lub tsev.
Kev tiv thaiv sab nrauv
Hnub no, muaj ntau txoj hauv kevhauv qab daus waterproofing. Ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau hais txog:
- av nplaum;
- pasing yob waterproofing;
- painting waterproof;
- dej ntws thiab qhov muag tsis pom;
- coated waterproofing;
Lub nplhaib av nplaum yog teem rau hauv ib feem ntawm hauv pem teb uas qis dua cov av. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, cov khoom siv tau zoo sib xyaw thiab muaj hnub nyoog, thiab tom qab ntawd nws tau muab tso rau hauv ib puag ncig ntawm lub hauv paus mus rau qhov tob ntawm 20 cm. Cov av nplaum zoo compacted, thiab npog nrog txheej ntawm rubble thiab xuab zeb los ntawm saum toj no. kuj yuav compacted.
Ntawm qhov dej ntws thiab qhov muag tsis pom
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab ua kom tsis muaj dej hauv qab daus, koj tuaj yeem siv qhov muag tsis pom kev thiab cov dej ntws tawm. Rau qhov kawg, hauv qab qib xoom hauv qab daus, cov kav dej yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov dej hauv av yuav raug tso tawm. Qhov chaw dig muag yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas lub hauv paus yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog lub zero theem ntawm av.
Ib cheeb tsam qhov muag tsis pom qhov dav yog 1 m. Rau qhov no, siv pob zeb lossis asph alt, uas nyob ib puag ncig ntawm lub tsev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua tiav kev sib khi ntawm cov chaw uas lub hauv paus adjoins ntawm qhov muag tsis pom kev. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus tsim yuav tsum muaj ib qho kev nqes hav. Lub sealant yuav yog urethane mastic. Thawj ob txoj hauv kev yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua, lawv yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab yuav tsum tau siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab cov khoom siv.
Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm yob pasting waterproofing
Kev tso dej tsis sib haum nrog kev siv cov dov bituminous, hluavtaws lossis polymeric cov ntaub ntawv uas tau welded lossis glued hauv ob peb txheej. Yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg 2 ntawm lawv, tib lub sijhawm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau muab 20 cm sib tshooj ntawm lub hauv paus. Txoj kev ua dej tsis zoo no, raws li cov kws ua haujlwm hauv tsev, yuav tsum tau npaj qhov chaw thiab ua raws li qhov ntsuas kub thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.
Thaum ua kom tsis muaj dej hauv pem teb hauv qab daus, koj tuaj yeem siv ntau txheej txheej. Cov neeg tau txais kev pab tau qhia kom sov lawv nrog cov roj burner, thiab tom qab ntawd nias lawv zoo rau saum npoo ntawm lub hauv paus thiab du nrog cov menyuam. Cov neeg siv khoom nyiam txoj kev no rau ntau qhov laj thawj, ntawm lawv:
- cheap;
- elasticity;
- tsis xav tau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb;
- sustainable;
- zoo adhesion rau pob zeb, pob zeb thiab ntoo;
- siab ceev kho.
Tus tswv tsis tas yuav muaj kev txawj ntse. Cov neeg siv khoom kuj nyiam qhov tseeb tias nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, cov khoom siv liner tuaj yeem hloov nws cov duab qub.
Cov lus teb tsis zoo ntawm kev ua kom tsis muaj dej tsis zoo
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab ua cov dej tsis muaj dej hauv qab daus, koj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau qee qhov tsis zoo ntawm txoj kev no. Cov neeg tau txais kev pom zoo hais tias qhov chaw hauv qab daus yuav tsum tau npaj, rau qhov no nws tau ntxuav, leveled thiab qhuav.
Cov ntaub ntawv yob muaj ib qho tsis zoo, uas yogqhia nyob rau hauv tsawg mechanical zog. Kev ua haujlwm yog qhov nyuaj heev rau kev ua tiav, yog li qee tus ntseeg tias nws tsis yooj yim los tiv nrog lawv tus kheej. Raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud, txheej txheej waterproofing tuaj yeem ua tsis tau sai thiab yuav tsum tau kho. Cov neeg yuav khoom hais txog tias kev ua haujlwm tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua los tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem dej los ntawm kev puas tsuaj.
Txhim kho cov txheej txheem dej tsis zoo
Kev tiv thaiv hauv qab daus los ntawm sab nraud tuaj yeem ua nrog cov ntaub ntawv txheej. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm polymer thiab bituminous mastics. Cov khoom siv niaj hnub tshaj plaws rau cov haujlwm no yog cov roj hmab ua kua. Nws muaj cov khoom adhesion zoo heev, yog li qhov tshwm sim yog monolithic waterproof seamless txheej saum npoo tag nrho.
Cov khoom nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov hws, thiab tseem muaj lwm qhov ntxiv, uas tau nthuav tawm hauv qib siab ntawm elasticity. Hom kev tiv thaiv dej tsis zoo no siv tau rau cib thiab pob zeb hauv qab daus. Feem ntau, polymer lossis bituminous mastics yog siv rau cov laj thawj no. Lawv yog cov kev lag luam, tab sis luv luv, txij li tom qab tsib xyoos lawv tuaj yeem npog nrog cov kab nrib pleb.
Kev tiv thaiv dej raws li cov iav ua kua tsis ntev los no tau txais txiaj ntsig dav vim nws yog: yooj yim siv, tiv taus cov tshuaj lom neeg ib puag ncig, tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig, tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias thiab muaj cov qib siab noo noo.
Txoj kev ntawm kev tiv thaiv dej hauv qab daus
Yog tias koj ua cov dej tsis muaj dej hauv qab daus nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes los ntawm sab hauv, koj tuaj yeem siv yuav luag tib daim ntawv teev cov ntaub ntawv uas tau hais los saum toj no. Piv txwv li, cov ntawv dov thiab geotextiles yog qhov zoo heev. Koj tuaj yeem xaiv:
- gidrostekloizol;
- Euroroofing khoom;
- Ybicroelast.
Lawv tsis siv ntau npaum li cov khoom siv vov tsev ib txwm muaj, tab sis tom kawg tsis zoo vim qhov tsis zoo. Cov khoom zoo li no tuaj yeem siv rau kev ua cov phab ntsa sab nraud. Tsis tas li ntawd, txheej plaster thiab qhov cuab lub zog yog siv. Cov cuab yeej siv los tiv thaiv dej hauv qab daus tuaj yeem suav nrog kev siv cov coatings. Cov no tsis yog tsuas yog mastics, tab sis kuj polymers, nrog rau cov cement sib tov. Lawv raug siv rau saum npoo ntawm hauv pem teb, nrog rau kev nkag mus rau cov dej tsis zoo. Cov tom kawg yog cov zoo primer nrog zoo heev noo noo tsis kam. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog txau rau saum npoo los tsim ib txheej 2 hli.
Yog tias koj xav paub yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob muaj dej hauv qab daus, koj tuaj yeem xav txog cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yog qhov zoo rau cov xwm txheej uas cov dej yuav ua tau zoo heev thiab nyob rau hauv siab. Lub thickness ntawm steel rau waterproofing yuav tsum yog 4 hli los yog ntau tshaj. Tsis ntev los no, polyvinyl chloride membranes tau siv ntau thiab ntau zaus. Lawv xav tau cov mesh ntxiv.
Cov tshuaj tsuag tsuag yog cov roj hmab ua kua. Tom qab lawv daim ntawv thov rau phab ntsa, polymerization tshwm sim, cov khoom hardens. Nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm lub compositionnyob rau hauv bituminous mastic. Koj tuaj yeem siv bentonite av nplaum. Nws ua raws li cov dej-pov thawj natural tivthaiv. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm phab ntsa rau cov gel zoo li, txheej tiv thaiv ntuj.
Tsev ua haujlwm
Kev tiv thaiv dej hauv qab daus tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog cov ntaub ntawv nkag mus. Ua li no, qhov saum npoo yog ntxuav thiab moistened. Lub pob zeb ua pob zeb moistened nrog dej yuav ua kom cov khoom nkag mus zoo ib yam. Yog tias lub tsev qub, ces cov dej noo yuav tsum zoo dua. Nyob rau theem tom ntej, koj tuaj yeem pib npaj qhov sib tov, uas yog siv rau hauv ib txheej. Nws yuav tsum tau sab laug kom txog thaum absorbed, tsuas yog tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem pib tsim txheej thib ob.
Txoj kev ntawm cov txheej txheem
Ntxuav phab ntsa rau ob peb hnub. Koj yuav xav tau ib tug txhuam hniav los thov qhov sib tov. Ua los ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws, uas tuaj yeem hloov nrog lub twj tso kua mis tshwj xeeb. Yog tias koj tab tom xav txog cov lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas dej hauv qab daus, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub ntawv txau. Lawv siv los ntawm kev txau.
Cov khoom siv sai sai thiab tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab ruaj khov nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm daim nyias nyias. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm txoj kev yog tias daim ntawv thov tuaj yeem nqa tawm ntawm txhua yam khoom siv, xws li hlau, pob zeb thiab cov khoom siv vov tsev. Yog li ntawd, nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau seamless, txawm, tsis muaj ntxhiab txheej, uas yog ruaj. Cov ntaub ntawv txau yog siv tshwj xeeb rau cov teeb meem nyuaj.
Cov Lus Qhia Tus Kheej
Kev tiv thaiv hauv qab daus los ntawm sab hauv tuaj yeem ua tiav tom qab kev npaj nto. Yog tias koj yuav tsum ua haujlwm nrog cov pob zeb ua vaj tse, ces cov kab nrib pleb thiab cov pob qij txha yuav tsum tau muab khi nrog cov cement mortar. Thaum nws qhuav, lub hauv paus yog them nrog primer, uas yuav ua rau kom adhesion. Ua li no, koj tuaj yeem siv cov primer npaj tau los yog ua noj hauv tsev. Ua li no, 300 g ntawm bitumen yog yaj nyob rau hauv 10 liv ntawm roj av.
Bitumen yuav tsum tau khaws cia tas li nyob rau hauv lub xeev molten, uas tsis tuaj yeem hu ua yooj yim. Koj yuav tau siv nyiaj ntxiv rau roj. Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom kub tsuas yog 4 feeb xwb. Rau pob zeb nto, resin ua raws li kev tiv thaiv zoo heev. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog nkig thiab yuav tawg thaum lub hauv paus shrinks yog tias nws tsis muaj additives.
rau kev siv
Ntau zaus, kev tiv thaiv dej hauv qab daus sab hauv yog ua nrog cov dej txias bituminous mastics. Lawv muaj qhov xav tau plasticity, thiab lawv tuaj yeem siv tau yam tsis muaj kev txwv kub. Mastic yog cov khoom khov thiab hnyav. Txhawm rau txo cov viscosity hauv huab cua txias, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov kuab tshuaj pom zoo los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg.
Zoo kawg
Lub qab daus ntawm ib lub tsev yog ib hom kev sib txuas nruab nrab ntawm cov phab ntsa cib thiab lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev. Hauv cov ntsiab lus yooj yim, qhov no yog ib feem ntawm lub hauv paus uas yog siab tshaj hauv av. Nws yog nws uas yuav siv rau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm nag lossis daus, yog li ntawd, yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv kev ruaj ntseg los ntawm kev ya raws.
Yog koj xav khaws koj lub tsev kom ntev li ntev tau, cesNws tsim nyog xav txog kev ua haujlwm zoo li no, thiab sai li sai tau. Tom qab tag nrho, noo noo accumulates nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv, thiab nrog rau qhov pib ntawm lub caij ntuj no, nws pib nthuav. Tag nrho cov no rhuav tshem cov qauv, txhawb kev tsim cov kab nrib pleb hauv nws. Nws yog qhov zoo dua, ntawm chav kawm, muab kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj dej tsis zoo nyob rau theem ntawm kev tsim lub tsev. Tom qab ntawd nws yuav muaj peev xwm npaj nyiaj txiag.
